GEOSCIENCE for the

Field Development Project

Some guidance

Geoscience for the FDP

Outline

Project aims
Data
Analysis and Outputs
Marking criteria
Geological conceptual model
Further advice

Geoscience for the FDP

Project Aims
Design or Development Project
Aim to produce economically justified development plan
Geoscience affects everything!
Shape and architecture affect volume and production strategies
Properties affect volumetrics and reservoir engineering
Stratigraphic column, rock types and pressures affect drilling
choices
Etc

Geoscience for the FDP

Data
Data derived from North Sea fields
BUT changed
Geology is North Sea, but other locations may be given for
environmental or economic considerations (use North Sea
stratigraphy, literature for the geology sections)
By all means look for analogue fields in the
literature. HOWEVER, even if you think you find your field
in the literature, remember the changes and that you only
have some of the data from that field and that any
statement you use in your report or presentation has to be
backed up by the evidence you see IN THE DATASET you
have.

Geoscience for the FDP

Data
Core Store VISIT
2 people per team
~6 wells
Mudlogs, wireline, core plug measurements, core
photos, descriptions, fluid samples, well tests
(some) beware of data quality.

Top structure map

Simplified

Seismic line
For big picture, reference only. Not for extra
interpretation or well ties.

Geoscience for the FDP

Analysis and Outputs

Aim is to produce conceptual model of the reservoir,
layering and structure, that will be converted for you
into a computer model for use in simulation.
Interpretations MUST be backed up by YOUR EVIDENCE
from the data provided to you, and your reasoning on
the basis of that data.

Geoscience for the FDP

Analysis and Outputs

Major = Minor Axis

Major Axis

Palaeocurrent
Minor Axis

Minor Axis

Depositional Environment

Major Axis

Sheets
Eg: Turbidite Sheets

Channels
Eg: Fluvial/Turbidite

Shallow marine
Shoreface/Beach

N
Azimuth

Shoreline

Gives connectivity, and orientation of any elongate bodies

Stratigraphic correlations, connectivity and layering

Correlations in TVD?; always label with amount of
vertical exaggeration used
Isopach maps?
Cross-sections (do not use vertical exaggeration)
Conceptual model
Volumetrics requires statistics and other properties.
Geoscience for the FDP

 Issues to consider

Frequency

Analysis and Outputs

Variable

Porosity and permeability distributions (vertical and horizontal)

Spatial variability, both measurable and predicted based on
depositional environment

Diagenetic effects
Core-to-log relationships
Geological Statistics suitable averages
Geomechanical issues (e.g. rock strength, wellbore stability
variations from background due to faulting, folding, fracturing)
Geochemical issues? (e.g. wettability)

Uncertainties
All projects have uncertainty
Need to identify uncertainty
Develop plan for dealing with or resolving uncertainty

Geoscience for the FDP

Analysis and Outputs

Teamwork
Geological model will require integrated analysis of pure
geology data, petrophysical data, well testing data and
some reservoir engineering data.
Therefore if you assign these roles to different team
members, then you must ensure that these individuals
communicate and collaborate to create the model.
ALL team members should understand and agree with the
conceptual model produced.

Geoscience for the FDP

Analysis and Outputs

Standardized Reservoir Description works from general
to specific information
Location
Trap
Fluid
When discovered, current status, any production history
Reservoir rocks (lithology, environment, age)
Correlations/models
Column height and/or OWC
Fluid properties, volumetrics
Comments, comparisons, analogues

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Analysis and Outputs

Images to include in your reports
Maps (very important)
Cross-section (no vertical exaggeration)
Stratigraphic column
Correlations (stratigraphic and structural; state VE used)
Rock images cores and also images from the field!
All those lovely outcrops from Inverness!

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Marking Criteria

A Grade:
Innovative evaluation of the geological data, discussion of
depositional environment, geological statistics, STOIIP,
including structural analysis and multiple correlations of the
reservoir. Creation of an integrated reservoir model.
Analysis of uncertainties. Excellent diagrams.

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Geological Conceptual Model

A conceptual model is required to be provided to an
expert who will create the ECLIPSE input files for you.
You will need to provide a number of diagrams,
(correlations, maps) as well as statistics, well locations,
grid sizes and other information to create this model.
There will be a form that you will fill in to provide the
expert with the information required (provided at end
of week 1/start week 2 ish)
Your geological advisor (tutor) will need to sign off on
the completed conceptual model.

Geoscience for the FDP

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Geological Conceptual Model

Spreadsheet
to fill in the
basic data

Geoscience for the FDP

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Geological Conceptual Model

OTHER THINGS:
Formation Tops (well to well correlation)
Base of reservoir (parallel, not parallel, flat?)
Model size, gridding
Faults
Horizons, Zones, Layering
OWC
Facies, based on well logs cut-offs?, properties (statistics)
Variograms (horizontal and vertical facies variation)
these are going to be theoretically based on what your
understanding of the depositional environment is: variograms
based on data only give vertical variation
See Chapter 9 G11PG for details

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Further Advice
VISION
Gary gives an introductory video
Ppt shows with details about how to fill in the model spreadsheets
and how to create the data necessary
Geoscience for Petroleum Engineering (G11PG) all the notes and
the ppt shows and the advice on VISION will help you to build the
model!
Advice on research generally
Data
Discussion

Literature
Remember your conclusions can only be based on the data available
to you and the analysis you have done on that data (no statements
based on literature sources). However you may search the literature
to help you or to provide comparisons for your field. The fields are
all based on North Sea fields, so use articles or papers on North Sea
geology.

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