Labtitle:polarandnonpolar

Name:YihaoLiu
Partners:AlexOConnor,Hunter
Date:Sep.17th
Objective:
Theobjectiveofthislabistoinvestigatethesolubilityofironic,polar,andnonpolar
compoundsinavarietyofsolvents.
Materials:
Water,hexane,ethanol,dropper,tubes,filterpapers,copper(III)nitride
Procedure:
PartA
1st,obtain3tubes,labelthem#13
2nd,add5dropsoftheappropriatesolventtoeachtesttube.
3rd,usingthescapula,addonecrystalofItoeachtesttube.Gentlyswirlsthetesttube
4th,determineifIissolublefor3subsistence;recordresults.
PartB
1st,obtain3tubes,labelthem#13
2nd,add5dropsoftheappropriatesolventtoeachtesttube.
3rd,usingthescapula,addsomeofthesubsistenceintoeachtesttube.Gentlyswirlsthe
testtube
4th,determineifIissolublefor3subsistence;recordresults.
PartC
1st,obtain9tubes,labelthem#19
2nd,addasmallamountoftheappropriatesolventtoeachtesttube.
3rd,1st,obtain3tubes,labelthem#13
4nd,addasmallamountofaddasmallamountofnaphthalenetesttube7,8,9..
5rd,usingthescapula,addsomeofthesubsistenceintoeachtesttube.Gentlyswirlsthe
testtube
4th,determineifIissolublefor3subsistence;recordresults.
PartD
1st,get2beaker,pourwaterinoneandnaphthaleneintoanother.
2nd,markfilterpaperwiththesamemarker(green),putthemintowaterandanother
solutions.
3rd,observeandtakeapicofit.
Observations:
PartA
Iodinesolubility
PartB
Solventpair
Water+ethanol

water
Notsoluble

Ethanol
soluble
Miscibility
miscible

Hexane
Verysoluble

Water+hexane
Hexane+ethanol
PartC

immiscible
immiscible
Water
Soluble
Verysoluble
Insoluble

Ethanol
Verysoluble
Insoluble
Soluble

Hexane
Insoluble
Insoluble
Soluble

Dextrosesolubility
Cu(III)solubility
naphthalene
PartD
Observechromatographystrip.
Putthemintowaterwithagreenmarkermarkabovethewaterlevel.
Record
Qualitative:
AfterIdissolvedinthesolutions,theyhavedifferentcolors,nonpolarispurple,in
betweenishexane,itisorange,then,thelastonewithwateriscolorless.
Inthecaseofpolarandnonpolarliquidmixedtogether,thereisalinebetweentwoof
them.
Drawalineonapieceoffilterpaper,thenputthewaterunderthelane,makethewater
comethroughthepaperandwithdrawpigments.
Thepigmentsgetseparate,blueisaboveyellow.Andwaterisstrongeratseparatedthe
colors.
Quantitative:
None
Conclusions:
Lookbackatobjectives:
Polarsubstancesissolubleinpolarliquid,nonpolarissolubleinnonpolarliquid.
Explainthelabtheory:
Whenthepolarmoleculesmeeteachothers,theytendstobeattractivetoeachother,
becausethepositivesidealwaysgetattractivetonegativeside,andattractthemolecule
together.
Also,nonpolarmoleculesarealsoattractivetoeachothers.
Erroranalysis:
Theliquidisnotpolarornonpolarenoughtodissolvethesubstanceinashortperiodof
time.
Questions:
1) Ethanol,hexane,water,hexaneissymmetrical,waterhaveapositivesideanda
negativesidewith4unboundedelectrons.Andethanolissortofinbetween.Also,
Iisnonpolar,anditdissolvedbestinhexane,thenethanolandthenwater.
2) Nonpolar,polar,nonpolarcovalent;Iaresolubleinhexaneandinsolublein
water
3) Ironic,itissolubleinpolarsolutions,butinsolubleinnonpolarsolutions.Copper
nitratearesolubleinwater,andinsolubleinhexane.
4) Polar,polarcovalent,dextroseissolubleinwaterbutnotsolubleinhexane.

5) Polarsolventsaremiscibleinpolarsolvents,andnotmiscibleinnonpolar
solvents.
6) Becausetheethanolisnotaspolaraswater,anditisnotasnonpolarashexane.
7) Itisnotsolubleinblood,thus,whenyouhavetoomuchcholesterolinyourblood,
itwillblockingthevessel,andcausehighbloodpressure.
8) Vcismorepolar;becauseithave2unboundedelectronclouds,butVaonlyhave
one.