Final Exam Study Guide

1. Which of the following is a possible order of events for the Scientific Method.
A. Observations Hypothesis Experiments Hypothesis Experiments
B. Hypothesis Experiments Observations Theory Experiments
C. Hypothesis Experiments Observations Theory Observations
D. Observations Hypothesis Theory Hypothesis Experiments
E. Theory Experiments Hypothesis Observations Experiments
2. A person with heatstroke has a temperature of 106 F. What does this read in Kelvin?
A. 314K
Formula: Tk = Tc +273
B. 41K

Tf =1.8(Tc) +32

C. -232 K
D. 223K
E. 496K

106 F = 1.8(TC)+32
-32
-32

74 = 1.8(TC)
TC=41.1 +273
1.8

1.8 TC= 314K

3. Which of the following statements are consistent w/ Rutherfords nuclear theory

A. The proton is in the nucleus with neutral charge
B. The nucleus is roughly 25% of the atoms volume
C. The electron is a very small mass with positive charge
D. The proton contains all of the atoms mass and very little volume
E. The proton contains all of the atoms mass, and all of the atoms volume
4. Which of the following gives the correct numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a natural atom of

118 sn

A. 118 protons, 50 neurons, 118 electrons

B. 118 protons, 118 neutrons, 50 electrons
C. 50 protons, 68 neutrons, 50 electrons

118
Sn
50

D. 68 protons, 68 neutrons, 50 electrons

E. 50 protons, 50 neutrons, 50 electrons
5. Americium is best described as a _______.
A. transition metal
B. halide
C. alkali metal
D. inner transition metal
E. alkali earth metal
6. Which element would have the most similar physical and chemical properties to Chlorine?
A. Kr
B. Br
C. Se
D. O
E. Ne
F.
7. How many sulfur atoms are there in 5.52 mol of sulfur?
A. 32.2 x 10^23

Formula: Given atoms

B. 3.32 x 10^24
C. 6.02 x 10^23
D. 9.17 x 10^-24
E. 91.7 x 10^-25
8. The formula for Sulfur Dichloride is ________.
A. S2Cl2 (Disulfur Dichloride)
B. S2Cl
C. S2Cl4 (Disulfur Tetrachloride)
D. SCl
E. SCl2 (Sulfur DiChloride)

1 mol
=?
6.002 x 10 23

9. The formula for a compound formed between calcium and sulfate ions is which of these?
A. CaSO4 (Calcium Sulfate)
B. CaSO3 (Calcium Sulfite)
C. (Ca)2SO4
D. Ca(SO4)2
E. CA2(SO4)2

10. Succinic acid, is 40.7% C, 5.12% H, and 54.2% O. The molar mass of succinic acid is about 118g/mol.
What is the molecular formula of succinic acid?
A. C3H2O5

C: Molar Mass (given)

%C = _____ x

1 mol
12.01 g C

H: Molar Mass (given)

%H= _____ x

1mol
1.008 g H

O: Molar Mass (given)

% O= _____ x

1 mol
15.999

B. C4H6O4
C. C5H10O3
D. C6H14O2
E. C7H18O

11. Predict the balanced equation of this reaction:

#K3PO4 +#Ca(NO2)2 -> #Ca3(PO4)2 +#KNO2
A.

K3PO4 +Ca(NO2)2 -> Ca3(PO4)2 +KNO2

B.

K3PO4 +Ca(NO2)2 -> Ca3(PO4)2 +3KNO2

C.

2K3PO4 +Ca(NO2)2 -> Ca3(PO4)2 +6KNO2

D.

2K3PO4 +3Ca(NO2)2 -> Ca3(PO4)2 +6KNO2

E.

K3PO4 +Ca(NO2)2 -> Ca3(PO4)2 +KNO2

12. Calculate the molarity of a solution of 0.500 moles of NaCl in a 0.200 L solution

A. 2.50 M

Molarity =

moles solute
liters solution

Molarity=

B. 146M
C. 4.00 M
D. 0.400 M
E. 0.250 M

13. Which of the following is the precipitate in this reaction?

3 SrCl2 (?) + 2 Li3PO4 (?) -> Sr3(PO4)2 (?) + 6 LiCl (?)

A. SrCl2
B. LI3PO4
C. Sr3(PO4)2
D. LiCl

14. Which of the following describes a reduction?

A. Loss of electrons
B. Increase in oxidation state
C. Fe2+-> Fe3+
D. Gain of oxygen
E. Gain of electrons

15. In the following reaction, identify the oxidizing agent.

Sn2+ (aq) + 2Fe3+ (aq) -> Sn^4+ (aq) + 2Fe^2+ (aq)
A. Sn^2+ (Reduction - Gain electrons)
B. Fe^3+ (Oxidized -Loss electrons)
C. Sn4+
D. Fe2+

0.500 moles NaCl

= 2.50 M
0.200 L

16. The pressure in Denver is 632.5 mmHg. Convert this pressure into psi.
a. 10.76 psi = 556.3 mmHg
b. 706.6 psi = 36531.7 mmHg
c. 5.661 x 102 psi = 2.88 mmHg
d. 12.23 psi = 632.3 mmHg
e. 3.270 x 104 psi = 1690612.245 mmHg

632.5 mmHg
14.7 psi
x
=12.23 psi

760 mmHg

17. A balloon contains 0.158 mol of gas and has a volume of 2.46 L. If an additional of 0.113 mol
gas is added to the balloon (at the same temperature and pressure), what is its final volume?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

4.22 L
1.76 L
1.41 L
8.91 L
0.701 L

Given: V1 = 2.46
N1 =0.158
n =0.113
Find: V2

Eq:
2.46 L x

v1 v2
=
n1 n 2
0.271mol
0.158 mol

V2=

v1

= 4.21937

n2
n1

L = 4.22 L

18. What is the pressure in a 10.0 L cylinder filled with 0.448 mol of nitrogen gas at a temperature
of 315 K?
nRT
Given : V= 10.0L
Eq: PV=nRT
P=
n= 0.448 mol
V
T= 315 K
P=
L atm
Find: P
0.448 mol 0.08206
315 k
mol k
=
10.0 L
19. 5. A weather balloon is inflated to a volume of 28.5 L at a pressure of 748 mmHg and a
temperature of 28.0 C. The balloon rises in the atmosphere to an altitude of approximately 25,000
feet, where the pressure is 385 mmHg and the temperature is -15.0 C. Assuming the balloon can
freely expand, calculate the volume of the balloon at this altitude.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

11.6 atm
0.806 atm
0.154 atm
2.32 atm
1.16 atm

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

47.5 L
29.7 L
47.4 L
48.2 L
27.5 L

Given: P1= 748 mmHg

V1= 28.5 L
T1= 28.0 C
P2= 385 mmHg
T2=-15.0 C

p1v 1 p2v 2
=

t1
t2
P1 T 2
V 2=V 1

P2 T 1

Eq:

K= C +273 T1 =28.0 C+273= 301 k

T2=-15.0 C +273 =258 K

20. The curve shows the distribution of molecular velocities for the five different gases: H2, HCl, N2,
Cl2, SO2. What is the identity of gas from curve # 3?
a. H2 : 2

b.
c.
d.
e.

HCl : 36
N2 : 28
Cl2 : 70
SO2 : 64

21. Which gas law supports the following: ______?

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

Avagadros Law: Mole & Volume: n V , n V

Boyles Law: Pressure & Volume: pressure V P , V P
Charles Law: Temperature & Volume: T V , T V
Daltons Law: Ptot = P1 +P2 +P3
Einsteins Law

22. Given the following specific heat capacitances (Cs), 49.6g of which of the following would rise
by 9.40 C if it absorbed 1.95 kJ of energy
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

Lead (CS = 0.128 J/gC) Fastest

Silver (CS = 0.235 J/gC)
Iron (CS = 0.449 J/gC)
Water (CS = 4.18 J/gC) Slowest
Sand (CS = 0.840 J/gC)

1.95 kJ
= 4.18
( 49.6 g ) ( 9.40C )
J/g

23. Calculate rxn for the following reaction.

CaO(s) + CO2(g) CaO3(s)
Use the following reactions Hs
Ca (s) + CO2 (g) + O2 (g) CaCO3 (s), H1 = -812.8 kJ
2 Ca (s) + O2 (g) 2 CaO (g), H2 = -1269.8 kJ
a. 177.9kJb.355.8kJc.457.0kJd.177.9kJe.457.0kJ
24.Which of the following shows types of EM radiation has the highest energy?

a.
b.
c.
d.

Radio waves
Microwaves
Gamma waves
Ultraviolet
radiation
e. XRAY

25.Whichsetofquantumnumbers(n,l,m1)belowproperlydescribesanforbital?

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

4, 3, 2
4, 2, -3
3, 1, 0
3, 0, 1
3, 3, -2

26. Which of the following could be an orbital with quantam number, l=2. Correct answer: e.

S orbital

S orbital

F orbital

P Orbital

27. What is the full electron configuration of atom, Germanium (Ge)

a. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p2
b. 1s22s22p63s23p64s24p2
c. 1s22s22p63s23p64s24d104p2
d. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d12
e. 1s22s22p63s23p64s22d104p2

28. What it the correct orbital diagram of Oxygen?

D orbital

Correct Answer: C

29. Which element has the quantum number, n=5, and has 6 valence electrons?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

Po: Quantum number - Valence electrons - 6

Cs: Quantum number - Valence electrons - 1
Te: Quantum number - Valence electrons - 6
C: Quantum number - Valence electrons - 4
Rn: Quantum number -Valence electrons 8

30. Which of the following elements is the highest 1st Ionization Energy?
a. Ca
b. Rb
c. Fr Largest Atomic Size
d. Ge
e. F Largest Ionization Energy

31. What is the correct Lewis Dot Structure for Sulfur with a 2- charge? Answer: a.

32. What Lewis Dot Structure is Correct? Answer: d.

33. What is the correct Lew Dot Structure for CH3SH (Methanethiol)? Answer: e.

34. Correct answer: e.

35. What Lewis dot structure for HCN is correct? Answer: e.

36. What is the formal charge of N?

a.2
b.1
c.0
d.+1
e.+2

37. How many Resonance structures does SO3 have?

a.0

b.1
c.2
d.3
e.4

38. What is the correct Lewis Dot Structure for SF4 (Sulfur Tetrafluoride)?

Correct Answer: b.
39.
a. 1 single bond, 3 lone pairs
b. 2 single bonds, 2 lone pairs (Bent)
c. 3 single bonds, 1 lone pair (Trigonal pyramidal)
d. 1 triple bond, 1 lone pair
e. 4 single bonds (Tetrahedral)

40. Resonance Structure

Correct Answer: d.

41.

Trig Bypyr

Bent

Trig Pyr

42. Given the bond angle of ______, what is the shape?

a. Linear (180)
b. Bent (120)
c. Trigonal Planar (120)
d. Tetrahedral (109.5)
e. Octahedral (90)

43.
a. Trigonal Pyramidal
b. See-saw
c. Trigonal Pyramidal
d. T-Shaped
e. Trigonal Planar

44. Which molecular formula is Nonpolar?

a. BrH ( Polar)
b. CH4 (Nonpolar)

See-Saw

Sq. Planar

c. NH3 (Polar)
d. H2O (Polar)
e. CH2O (Polar)

45. ___ Lone pair of central atoms

a. Square Planar (2)
b. Trigonal Pyramidal (1)
c. Tetrahedral (0)
d. Bent (1,2)
e. T-Shaped (2)

46. Vitamin C
a. #1
b. #2 (Sp3)
c. #3 (Sp2)
d. #4 (Sp3)
e. #5 (Sp3)

47.

Sigma
48.

Sp

a. H22b. NE2
c. He22+
d. F22e. LI2249. Molecular Orbital O22a. 0
b. 1
c. 2
d. 3
e. 4

50. How many bonds exist in this beta-carotene structure?

a. 6
b. 11
c. 2
d. 41
e. 10