Professional Documents
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1) An engine working on Otto cycle has a volume of 0.45m 3,pressure 1bar and
temperature 300c at the beginning of compression stroke. At the end of
compression stroke, the pressure is 11bar and 210kJ of heat is added at
constant volume . Determine
i) Pressure, temperatures and volumes at salient points in the cycle
16M
2)
ii) Efficiency.
MAY/JUNE-2007
3)
An engine 20cm bore and 30cm stroke works on Otto cycle. The clearance
volume is 1600cu cm. The initial pressure and temperature are 1bar and 60 0C.
If the maximum pressure is limited to 24bar,find the following:
I) The air standard efficiency of the cycle
II) The mean effective pressure of the cycle.
NOV/DEC-2007
16M
5) A gas turbine works on an air standard Brayton cycle. The initial condition
of the air is 250c
and 1bar.The maximum pressure and temperature are limited to 3bar and
6500c.Determine the following:
(i) Cycle efficiency
(ii) Heat supplied and heat rejected/kg of air
(iii) Work output/kg of air
(iv) Exhaust temperature.
NOV/DEC-2007
16M
4) Air at 1.01bar ,200c is admitted into an oil engine, which is working on the
dual combustion cycle. The maximum cycle pressure is 69bar. The
compression ratio is 18. Assuming that the heat added at constant volume is
equal to the heat added at constant pressure; Calculate the following:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Heat rejected
(iv)
16M
5) i) Draw the theoretical and actual pV diagram of a four stroke Otto cycle
engine and explain the reasons for the deviations.
12M
ii) Calculate the ideal air standard cycle efficiency based on the Otto cycle
for a petrol engine with a cylinder bore of 50mm, a stroke of 75mm,and a
clearance volume of 21.3mm3.
4M
APRIL/MAY-2008
6) Sketch the diesel cycle on P-V and T-S diagrams and derive the expression
for its mean effective pressure.
16M
NOV/DEC-2008
7) A dual combustion air standard cycle has a compression ratio of 10.The
constant pressure part of combustion takes place at 40bar. The highest and
lowest temperatures of the cycle are 17270c and 270c respectively. The
pressure at the beginning at the compression is 1bar . Calculate :
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
vi)
vii)
Mep.
NOV/DEC-2008
16M
8) (i) Fuel supplied to an SI engine has a calorific value 42,000KJ/kg. The pressure
in the cylinder at 30% and 70% of the compression stroke are 1.3bar and
2.6bar respectively. Assuming that the compression follows the law pV 1.3 =
constant. Find the compression ratio, if the relative efficiency of the engine
compared with the air-standard efficiency is 50%. Calculate the fuel
consumption in kg/KW-hr. 12M
(ii) A gas engine working on the Otto cycle has a cylinder of diameter
0.2m and stroke 0.25m. The clearance volume is 1580cc. Find the air
standard efficiency. Assume Cp=1.004KJ/kgK and Cv=0.717KJ/kgK for air.
4M
MAY/JUNE-2009
ii)
13) In an air standard dual cycle, the pressure and temperature at the
beginning of compression are 1 bar and 570c, respectively. The heat supplied
in the cycle is 1250KJ.kg, two third of this being added at constant volume and
rest at constant pressure. If the compression ratio is 16, determine ratio is 16,
determine the maximum pressure , temperature in the cycle, thermal
efficiency and mean effective pressure.
16M
NOV/DEC-2011
14) In an engine working on Dual cycle, the temperature and pressure at the
beginning of the cycle are 90oC and 1 bar respectively. The compression ratio
is 9. The maximum pressure is limited to 68 bar and total heat supplied per kg
of air is 1750 kJ. Determine
i)
ii)
iii)
16M
15) (a)Consider an air standard cycle in which the air enters the compressor at
1bar and 200c. The pressure of air leaving the compressor is 3.5 bar and the
temperature at turbine inlet is 6000c. Determine per kg of air
i) Efficiency of the cycle
(3)
(2)
iii)
iv)
(2)
(3)
ii) The ratio of heat supplied to the heat rejected. Assume =1.4 and
R=8.314KJ/Kmol K. 16M
NOV/DEC-2012
17) An air standard dual cycle has a compression ratio of 18, and compression
begins at 1 bar, 400c. The maximum pressure is 85 bar. The heat transferred
to air at constant pressure is equal to that at constant volume. Estimate
i) The pressure and temperature at the cardinal points of the cycle
ii) The cycle efficiency and
iii)
Mean effective pressure of the cycle
NOV/DEC-2012
16M
18) Derive an expression for the air standard efficiency of diesel cycle. Explain
why the efficiency of Otto cycle is more than that of the diesel cycle for the
same compression ratio. 16M MAY/JUNE-2013
19) In an oil engine working on dual cycle, the heat supplied at the constant
pressure is twice that of heat supplied at constant volume. The compression
and expansion ratios are 8 and 5.3. The pressure and the temperature at the
beginning of cycle are 0.93 bar and 27 0c. Find the efficiency of the cycle and
mean effective pressure. Take Cp=1.005KJ/kgK and Cv =0.718KJ/kgK 16M
MAY/JUNE-2013
20) An air standard Diesel cycle has a compression ratio of 18. The pressure at
the beginning of compression stroke is 1 bar and the temperature is 30 0c .The
heat supplied is 1800KJ/kg.Determine
i)
The efficiency
ii)
iii)
Heat rejected
iv)
21) An Otto cycle has a compression ratio of 7. The initial pressure and
temperature at the beginning of compression stroke is 1 bar and 400 0c. The
heat supplied is 2510KJ/kg.Find
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
UNIT-2
1) Discuss the construction and working principle of a four stroke engine with
sketch.16M NOV/DEC-2013
2) Explain the construction and working principle of battery coil ignition system
with neat sketch.
16M
NOV/DEC-2013
3) i) Explain the construction and working of fuel injector with a neat sketch.8M
ii)Draw and explain the port timing diagram of two stroke cycle diesel engine.
8M MAY/JUNE-2013
4) The following observations were taken during a test on a single cylinder fourstroke cycle engine having a bore of 300 mm and stroke of 450 mm.
Ambient air temperature
= 220c
= 42,000KJ/kg
= 1.0kN
225kg/hr
= 2cm
Deter mine indicated power, brake power, mechanical efficiency and draw a heat
balance sheet on hour basis. 16M
MAY/JUNE- 2013
5) Compare SI and CI engines with respect to
i) Basic cycle
ii) Fuel used
iii)
Introduction of fuel
iv)
Ignition
v) Compression ratio
vi)
Speed
vii)
Efficiency
viii)
Weight 16M
NOV/DEC-2012
6) Mention the various important qualities of food ignition system and with a
neat sketch explain the battery and magneto ignition system. 16M
NOV/DEC-2012
7) i)Explain the main difference between a two stroke cycle and four stroke
cycle internal combustion engine.8M
ii)Explain valve timing diagram for four stroke cycle spark ignition
engine.8M APRIL/MAY-2012
8) In a constant speed compression ignition engine operating on four stroke
cycle and fitted with band brake, the following observation were taken;
Brake wheel diameter
60cm
Band thickness
5mm
Speed
450rpm
Load on band
Sparking balance reading
210N
30N
4.15cm 2
6.25cm
Spring No.11,ie
11bar/cm
Bore
10cm
Stroke
15cm
0.3kg/kW-hr
41800kJ/kg
Determine the brake power , indicated power, mechanical efficiency, the indicated
thermal efficiency and the brake thermal efficiency.
8M
ii)Explain with the help of sketches ignition system for a spark ignition
engine.8M APRIL/MAY-2012
9) I)Explain the working principle of a four stroke petrol engine. 12M
II)What are the advantages of lubrication?
4M NOV/DEC-2011
10M
9M
ii)
iii)
iv)
17) Describe the working of a simple carburetor and derive the expression for
the Air-fuel ratio.16M APRIL/MAY-2008
UNIT-3
1) Steam expands isentropically in a nozzle from 1Mpa, 250 0c to 10kpa. The
flow rate of the steam is 1kg/s. Find the following when the inlet velocity is
neglected.
i)
Quality of steam
6M
ii)
iii)
5M
NOV/DEC-2013
3M
3M
3M
3M
4M
5) Derive the condition for maximum discharge and the expression for
maximum discharge in steam nozzle. 16M NOV/DEC-2012
6) I) Steam at a pressure of 10.5 bar and 0.95 dry is expanded through a
convergent divergent nozzle. The pressure of steam leaving the nozzle is
0.85 bar. Find the velocity of steam at the throat for maximum discharge if
the throat area is 1.2 cm2. Assume flow as isentropic and there are no friction
losses. 12M
ii)Distinguish between impulse and reaction turbines. 4M NOV/DEC-2012
7) I) Explain the physical significance of Wilsons line as referred to super
saturated flow through steam nozzles. 8M
ii)Steam enters a nozzle in a dry saturated condition and the expands from a
pressure of 1 bar. It is observed that super- saturated flow is taking place and
the steam flow reverts to a normal flow at 1 bar. What is the degree of under
cooling and increase in entropy and the loss in the available heat drop due to
irreversibility. 8M APRIL/MAY-2012
8) I) Describe briefly the various methods of steam turbine governing. 6M
II) 300kg/min of steam (2 bar, 0.08 dry) flows through a given stage of a
reaction turbine. The exit angles blades as well as moving blades are 20 0 and
3.68KW of power is developed. If the rotor speed is 360 rpm and tip leakage
is 5 percent, calculate the mean drum diameter and the blade height. The
axial flow velocity is 0.8 times the blade velocity.10M APRIL/MAY-2012
9) Steam enters a convergent divergent nozzle at 2 MPa and 400 0c with a
negligible velocity and mass flow rate of 2.5 kg/s and it exits at a pressure of
300kPa. The flow is isentropic between the nozzle entrance and throat and
overall nozzle efficiency is 93% . Determine
i) Throat area and
ii)Exit area.
16M
NOV/DEC-2011
10) The nozzle of a deLaval turbine deliver 1.5kg/s of steam of 800 m/s to a
ring of moving blades having a speed of 200 m/s. The exit angle of the nozzle
is 180. If the blade velocity coefficient is 0.75 and the exit angle of the
moving blades is 250, calculate
i) Inlet angle of moving and fixed blades
ii)Diagram efficiency
iii)
iv)
16M
NOV/DEC-2011
11) In a steam nozzle, the steam expands from 4 bar to 1 bar. The initial
velocity is 60 m/s and initial temperature is 200 0c . Determine the exit
velocity if the nozzle efficiency is 92% and the dryness fraction at exit. 16M
NOV/DEC-2010
12) A single row impulse turbine develops 132.4kW at a blade speed of 175 m/s
using 2kg of steam per sec. Steam leaves the nozzle at 400m/s. Velocity
coefficient of the blade is 0.9. Steam leaves the turbine blades axially.
Assuming no shock determine the nozzle angle, blade angles at entry and
exit. 16M
NOV/DEC-2010
13) I) Derive an expression for maximum mass flow rate through convergent
divergent nozzle for steam.12M
II) Dry air at a pressure of 12 bar and 573k is expanded isentropically
through a nozzle at a pressure of 2 bar. Determine the maximum mass flow
rate through the nozzle of 0.00015m2 area.4M MAY/JUNE- 2009
14) Dry saturated steam at a pressure of 8 bar enters a convergent divergent nozzle and leaves it at a pressure of 1.5bar. If the flow is
isentropic , and the corresponding expansion index is 1.135; find the ration
of cross-sectional area at exit and throat for maximum discharge. 16M
MAY/JUNE- 2009
15) Dry saturated steam at 2.8 bar is expanded through a convergent nozzle
to 1.7 bar. The exit area is 3cm2. Estimate the exit velocity and the mass
flow rate, assuming isentropic expansion and supersaturated flow exits. 16M
NOV/DEC-2007
UNIT-4
1) In a two stage compressor in which inter-cooling is perfect , prove that work
done in the compressor is minimum when the pressure in the inter-cooler is
geometric mean between the initial and final pressure. Draw the p-V and T-s
diagram for TWO stage compression.16M NOV/DEC-2013
n-1/n
- 1]
8M
II) A single stage single acting air compressor delivers 0.6 kg of air per
minute at 6 bar. The temperature and pressure and the end of suction stroke are
300c and 1 bar. The bore and stroke of the compressor are 100 mm and 150 mm
respectively. The clearance is 3% of the swept volume . Assuming the index of
compression and expansion to be 1.3 , find:
3M
3M
2M
NOV/DEC-2011
10) 2 kg/s of air enters the LP cylinder of a two stage, reciprocating air
compressor. The overall pressure ratio is 9. The air at inlet to compressor is at
100 kPa and 350c . The index of compression in compressor is 1.3 . Find the
intercooler pressure for perfect intercooling . Also , find the minimum power
required for compression, and percentage saving over single stage
compression. Take R=0.287KJ/kg0K and Cp=1 KJ/ kg0K. 16M
NOV/DEC-2011
11) A Single acting reciprocating air compressor has clearance volume 5% of
stroke volume of 0.05 m3/sec, the intake conditions are 95kN/m2, 300K. The
delivery pressure is 720kN/m2. Determine the volumetric efficiency referred
to
i) atmospheric conditions of 100 N/m2 and 290k
ii)Intake conditions
iii)
iv)
FAD and
Power required to drive the compressor, if the ratio of actual to
indicated power is 1.5. Take index of compression expansion as 1.3.
16M
NOV/DEC-2010
UNIT-5
1) Explain the construction and working of vapour compression refrigeration
with neat sketch. 16M
NOV/DEC-2013
2) The temperature limits of ammonia refrigeration system are 25 0c and -100c .
If the gas is dry at the end of compression. Calculate the COP of the cycle
Liquid heat
Latent heat
Liquid entropy
KJ/kg
KJ/kg
KJ/kgK
25
298.90
1166.94
1.2420
-10
135.37
1297.68
0.5443
hf
hg
sf
sg
KJ/kg
KJ/kg
25
298.9
1465.8
1.124
5.039
-15
112.34
1462.5
0.4572
5.549
KJ/kgK
KJ/kgK
4M
4M
4M
Assume the required air inlet conditions are 20 0c DBT and 60% RH. Air is
conditioned first by cooling and dehumidification and then by heating.
d)Describe the factors that affect human comfort.
MAY/JUNE-2013
4M
Vg
m3/kg
-20
1.509
0.108
8
40
9.607
hf
hg
KJ/kg
Sf
KJ/kg/
K
Sg
KJ/kg/
K
Specifi
c
heat ,
KJ/kg/K
17.8
178.6
1
0.073
0.708
2
74.53
203.0
5
0.271
6
0.682
KJ/Kg
0.747
50% of return air from the room is mixed with outdoor air and pre cooled
sensibly in a cooling coil to 280c before being passed through adiabatic
washer. Determine
i) Supply air condition to the space
ii)Quantity of fresh out side air
iii)
iv)
12M
b)Enumerate the main parts of the equipment in the air conditioning cycle. 4M
APRIL/MAY-2012
9) A vapour compression refrigerator works between the pressure limits of 60 bar
and 25 bar. The working fluid is just dry at the end of compression and there is no
under cooling of the liquid before the expansion value. Determine
16M
NOV/DEC-2011
i) COP of the cycle
and
temperature(K)
Saturation Enthalpy(KJ/Kg)
Entropy(kj/kg
K)
60
25
295
261
151.96
56.32
293.29
332.58
0.554
0.226
1.0332
1.2464
10)a . In a heating application , moist air enters a steam having coil at 10 0c ,50% RH
and leaves at 300c. Determine the sensible heat transfer , if mass flow rate of air is
100 kg of dry air per second. Also determine the steam mass flow rate if steam
enters saturated at 1000c and condensate leaves at 800c.
8M
b)The air enters a duct at 100c and 80% RH at the rate of 150 m3/min and is heated
to 300c without adding or removing any moisture. The pressure remains constant at
1 atm. Determine the RH of air at exit from the duct and the rate of heat transfer.
8M
NOV/DEC-2011
11) One kg of air at 350c DBT and 60% RH is mixed with 2kg of air at 20 0c DBT and
130c dew point temperature. Calculate the vapour pressure and dew point
temperature of steam one ,enthalpy of both the steams and specific humidity of the
mixture.
16M
NOV/DEC-2010
12) The temperature range in a Freon 12 plant is -60c to270c. The compression is
isentropic and there is no cooling of the liquid. Fins the COP assuming that the
refrigerant (i) after compression is dry and saturated (ii) leaving the evaporator
is dry and saturated. The properties of F-12 are given in the table
16M
NOV/DEC-2010
SI.NO
t0c
hf
hg
Sf
Sg
Cp
-6
413
571
4.17
4.76
0.641
27
445
585
4.28
4.75
0.714
13) Explain the working of Lithium Bromide water system with a schematic layout.
16M MAY/JUNE-2009
14) A vapour compression refrigerator uses R-12 as refrigerant and the liquid
evaporates in the evaporator at 258K. The temperature of this refrigerant at the
delivery from the compressor is 288K when the vapour is condensed at 283K. Find
the coefficient of performance, if
i) there is no under cooling
ii) the liquid is cooled by 278K before expansion by throttling. Take specific heat
at constant pressure for the superheated vapour as 0.64KJ/kgK and that for liquid
as 0.94KJ/kgK . The other properties of R-12 as follows
16M
MAY/JUNE-2009
Temperature (k)
Enthalpy(KJ/kg)
Entropy(Kj/kgK)
Liquid
Vapour
Liquid
Vapour
258
22.3
180.88
0.0904
0.7051
283
45.4
191.76
0.1750
0.6921