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Facilitation Secret Plan Life-Cycle

Group W11
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U5447053
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Cynthia Benjamin
Cheng Cheng
Ashley Dunne
Andrew Spooner

Goal:
For students to develop an understanding of the three key concepts of life cycle
and choose the appropriate model for design, as well as improve their system in
all stages.

Overview:
The tutorial was broken into sections according to the subtopics discussed during
the workshop. Each section introduces a little theory and thought before
embarking on an activity to understand how that topic can be applied to a
project.

Time(mi
n)

Item

Person responsible

Resource
s

Introduction

Ashley

Slides

10

Introduction
models

design Ashley

Slides

of

7
- Activity - Choose
Activity
appropriate model
3
the case allocated
-Feedbac
k

an Ashley
Briefly Slides
for explain,
gather
feedback and give Printedanswers
out cases
Everyone
Walk
around
to
give
suggestions
and
answer questions

Introduction
of
the Cheng
concept
of
whole-ofsystem design

Slides

8
- Activity (competition) - Cheng
Briefly
Activity
Break the phones into as explain
and
give
2
- many pieces as you can
rewards to winners
Rewards
Everyone
Walk
around
to
give
suggestions
and
answer questions

Slides

Introduction
of
the Andrew
concept of quality and
improvement in terms of
design

Slides

Activity subsystems
phones

Slides

Rank the Andrew-Briefly


in mobile explain
Everyone-Walk
around
to
give
suggestions
and
answer questions

Old
phones
and tools

Broken
phones

10

Introduction
of
the Andrew
concept of quality and
improvement in terms of
production,
operation
and end-of-life

Slides

5
5 - Video

Introduction the concept Cynthia


of rethinking design with
case
sample
(Cradle2Cradle)

Slides
Video

Activity - Think of the Cynthia


Briefly Slides
potential improvements explain
for mobile phone
Everyone-Walk
around
to
give
suggestions
and
answer questions

Introduction of the idea Cynthia


of modular phone

Discussion/Evaluation/Qu Cynthia Conclusion


Slides
iz
Everyone- quiz and
answer questions

Video

Total Time: 85 mins

Detailed Plan:
Introduction

- Ashley

(5mins)

Introduce the facilitators and the topic of life cycle

Why it is important to consider the full lifecycle of a product


o

environmental, economic considerations- links into Cynthias cradle


to cradle

introduce 3 different topics


o

Whole of system design

Quality & Improvement

Rethinking Design

Introduction of design models

- Ashley

(10mins)

Dictate how final design will be achieved - must be decided before process
begins
Go through advantages, disadvantages of each model

how these make them suited to different purposes

Agile Model, Waterfall, V Model, Spiral Model


Activity - design model

- Ashley

(10mins)

Each group receives a case study and must pick the most appropriate Design
Model. This will help them apply what we have just been speaking about and to
see practical reasons for each of the models (also why we are using the V-model
in this course). The groups should be able to take the customer requirements for
the design model and choose the most appropriate one, using similar skills as in
the Design Requirements Analysis stage. We should have one case for each
model to see the applications for each of them & students must choose these
models. This will require hints from the facilitators if they are not on track.
Case Studies can be seen in the Appendix.
Case Study Answers:

Start Up company
o

Agile (Small project & team, emphasis on final product, little


structure allows personalisation etc.)

Military Contractor

Waterfall (very rigid allows for control & oversight, large teams, lots
of funding)

Client with disability


o

V shape (specific design requirements for individual, documentation


allows for other teams to follow up/ collaboration, inexpensive)

Large corporation R&D department


o

Spiral (working with experts, large teams available, lots of funding,


lots of freedom)

Introduction to whole of system design concept

- Cheng

(5mins)

Key concepts:

The models aim to save time

Introduce the key phases of life cycle(design, production, operation and


end-of-life) and the boundary between them

Introduce a more complete life cycle

Activity - Break old mobile phones into parts

Cheng

(10mins)
With a logical flow diagram of dismantling a phone shown on the screen, give
each student an old phone and provide essential tools at the front of the tutorial
room. Give them 8 to 10 mins to break the phone into as many parts as they
can, either using force or tools. Two m&ms will be prepared as prizes for the top
two students who break the phones into the largest number of different
components. The prize is just for encouraging them to focus on the activity
instead of other things.
Introduction to quality and improvement

- Andrew

(5mins)

Relate Quality & Improvement to the four life-cycle phases:


1. Design (~2 min)

Explain

how

design

improvements

can

be

accomplished.

Link

to

subsystem analysis
Activity - Rank subsystems of the mobile phone in terms of life-span
- Andrew

(5mins)

Discussion of the activity: how does this help us think about design
improvements? Which subsystems can be focused on?

2.

Production (~1 min)

Quality and improvement continued

- Andrew

(10mins)

Briefly explain design improvements in this area. Keep it brief because


there is a lot of overlap with part 1
3.

Operation (~4 min)

Explain replaceability/reusability of parts for a phone. Discuss how this


links to the power systems life-span, and would it be possible to have

other replaceable parts?


Explain natural life-span, particularly for the phone example. Link back to
Problem Scoping (thinking of this as being outside the system boundaries)
4. End-of-life (~4 min)

Explain end-of-life considerations, making sure that the system can still be

useful in some capacity.


Explain the possible conventional methods for this (recycling, reusing

parts)
Link again to subsystem analysis: if a subsystem fails, the rest may still be

functional.
Discussion: is it actually possible to take advantage of this, with how
phones are currently designed? Lead in to next topic (rethinking design)

Introduction to rethinking design - Cynthia

(10mins)

Introduce the concept of rethinking design, not just in terms of the product
itself, but for each aspect of each life-cycle phase. Extraction > Design >

Dismantling > Reuse


Introduce Cradle to Cradle as a new approach to thinking.
Video: Cradle to Cradle - 5mins
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4jORau0V62c

Activity Improving mobile phone design


(5mins)

- Cynthia Benjamin

looking at the phone that you have just broken up, what parts of the phone

and process to make that part can be improved


What about costs and energy used in each life-cycle phase? Also, how
easilyy can components be dismantled and reused? The easier it can be

broken apart, unlike the phones we just did, the more cost and energy
efficient it becomes.
Rethinking design continued

- Cynthia

(5mins)

New ways of thinking example. After discussing improvements to the


phones and new ways in which it can be manufactured or assembled and
used, show students a video of an idea that is currently being prototyped

phonebloks.
Video: Phonebloks 5mins
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oDAw7vW7H0c

Conclusion and quiz

- Cynthia then all facilitators

(5mins)

Recall the concepts that were covered during the facilitation.


Conduct a quick quiz with questions displayed on the tutorial slides and
having an open discussion to give the students a better understanding of

life cycle and clarify key concepts to take from the tutorial topic.
Q&A

Appendix:
Quiz:
1.Which model would best suit small-size projects?
2.Which of the previous facilitation topics is most relevant to Quality &
Improvement?
3.When rethinking the design, name 3 aspects of the life-cycle phases that you
would consider
Case studies:
Group 1) Start Up Company
You have just formed a start-up company in order to develop the Myo Armband,
to act as a new form of human-computer interface. Your aim is to be able to sell
this product in order to turn a profit, and hopefully be able to expand your
business into a larger corporation one day.

Group 2) Military Contractor


You have been approached by the Defence Force to design a new rotor blade for
an Armed Reconnaissance Helicopter. The Defence Force requires a large amount
of oversight into your work and as a result you must follow a very clear method
and document each of your decisions. You have a large team of researchers and
lots of funding available.

Group 3) Individual Client with a Physical Disability


You need to design a new electric wheelchair for a particular client. As a result of
their disability they have very specific needs that must be taken into account
during the design process. Ideally other researchers could build on your design
by examining your decisions in order to design other products for slightly
different sets of requirements.

Group 4) Google R&D Department


You work in the Research and Development department of Google and are
required to design new software for the company. You have a very large and
skilled team to do this with lots of resources available to you.

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