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Piping commodities
Element
1 Pipe
SMLS
ERW
EFW
SAW
2 Fittings
2.1 Elbow
Large radius
Small radius
2.2 Reducer
Concentric
Eccentric
2.3 - Cap
2.4 Swage
2.5 Nipple

Standard
ASME B 36.10 (ferrite steel)
ASME B 36.19 (austenite steel)

Wrought means made from pipe

ASME B 16.11 Forged fittings (SW/TH)

ASME B 16.9 Wrought fittings (BE)
For LR same as above
For SR ASME B 16.28

SB Forging
LB Wrought
SB Forging
LB Wrought

MSS SP 95
MSS SP 95

2.6 Couplings (SB only)

Full Coupling
Half Coupling
2.7 Stub ends
2.8 Branches
2.8.1 Equal Tee
2.8.2 Reducing Tee

Manufacturing method

SB Forging
LB Wrought
Always Wrought
Made from pipe
Always Forged

MSS SP 43

SB SW reducer is always conc.

If ecc. is required then swage is used

Always Wrought
Forging & Wrought

Full Coupling To connect SB straight

pipe
Half Coupling For branching

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2.8.3 Pipe weld

2.8.4 RF pipe weld
2.8.5 Letarol
2.8.6 O let fitting
Sockolet
Weldolet
Elbolet
Nippolet
Flangolet
Threadolet
Sweepolet
Latroolet
3 Flanges

3.1 on basis of type

SW
SO
WN
LJ(Lap Joint)
Blind
3.2 on basis of facing
FF
RF
RTJ
T & J (Tong & Groove)
MF ( Male & Female)

Forging & Wrought

MSS SP 97

ASME B 16.5 Up to 24
ASME B 16.47 Sr. A / Sr. B
26 ~ 48(only up to #3000 & weld neck
only)

Always Forged

Forged

ASME B 16.47 Sr. A Earlier name

MSS SP 44
ASME B 16.47 Sr. B - Earlier name API
605
Use
SW For low rating & SW
fittings are permitted
SO Low rating
WN High rating (#600 & above)
LJ Economical
Blind ----Use
FF Where bending property of material
is poor

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SW joints are not used in case of Cravec corrosion

For leak proof joint
- Flange should not fail in Bending
- Gasket should not fail in Compression
- Bolt should not fail in Tension
3.3 Gasket
Metallic ASME B 16.20
CAF Compressed asbestos fiber
Ex. Spiral wound, sheet metal, RTJ..
CNAF Compressed Non asbestos fiber
Non-metallic ASME B 16.21
Ex. CAF, CNAF, Graphite, PTFE
3.4 Bolt & Nut
Stud
ASME B 16.5
Machined
ASME B 18.2.1 & 18.2.2 gives manufacturing detail of bolt & nut
ASME B 16.5 gives length of bolt/stud , dia., no. of bolts/studs etc which is more important for piping engineer
3.5 Spectacle blind
or
Spacer & Blind
3.6 WN Flange with Jack screw (
4 & above)
4 Valves
4.1 Gate valve
Forged
Cast
Very large size

Symbolic Representation
ASME B 16.48

Made from plates

Forging
ASME B 16.34 design std.
API 598 / BS 6755 part.1 Testing std.
Forged API 602
Cast API 600
Very large size BSI 414

SB Forging
LB Casting

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4.2 Globe valve

Forged
Cast
4.3 Check valve
Lift type plug / ball
Swing type
Dual plate wafer / lug /
dual flange
4.4 Ball valve
4.4.1 On basis of bore
Full bore
Reduced bore
4.4.2 On basis of body
Single piece
Two piece
Three piece
4.4.3 Seating
Soft
Metal
4.4.4 Mounting of ball
Floating
Turnion mounting

Forged BS 5352
Cast BS 1873

Lift type BS 5352

Swing type BS 1868
Dual plate API 594
BS 5351

Lift type forging

Swing & Dual plate - casting
SB Forging
LB Casting

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4.5 Butterfly valve

Concentric
Eccentric double /
triple
Seating basis soft /
metal
Types of body end
wafer / lug / double
flanged
4.6 Plug valve
Lubricated
Non-lubricated
4.7 Needle valve
4.8 Foot valve
4.9 Diaphragm valve
Wire type pattern
Straight pattern
4.10 Piston valve
Flush button piston valve
Ram type piston valve
Glandless piston valve
(mainly used for steam
application)
4.11 Bellow seal valve
Gate
Globe

Concentric APS 609 cat. A

Eccentric APS 609 cat. B

Always Casting

APS 599

Cast & Forged

BS 1873

BS 5156

SB Forging
LB Casting
Always Casting
Always Casting
Flush button piston valve &
Ram type piston valve
Casting & Fabricated
Glandless piston valve
SB Forging
LB Casting
SB Forging
LB Casting

Are used for very precise control

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Ball ( only few vendors)

4.12 Y type glob valve
5. Special parts
5.1 Strainer
Y type
T type
Basket
Conical
Plate

Y type
SB Forging
LB Casting

Used to remove foreign particle from

fluid

T type Wrought fitting

Basket Plate fabricated
Conical sheet fabricated
Plate sheet fabricated

5.2 Stem trap (condensate

removal)
Thermodynamic
Thermostatic
Inverted bucket
Ball float

Thermodynamic, Thermostatic, Inverted

bucket intermediate removal of
condensation
Thermodynamic Forging
Thermostatic Forging
Inverted bucket Casting
Ball float Casting

Ball float continuous removal of

condensation
Thermodynamic for piping loops
Thermostatic for precise control over
temp. Ex. Steam tracing

5.3 Flame arrestor

End of line
In of line
Detonation
5.4 Below

Inverted bucket & Ball float for heavy

condensate load
To protect the system from fire hazard
EN 12874
EJMA

Always Casting
Hydraulically formed

To take care of expansion & axial

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Single
Double
Universal
Universal tied
Hinged below
Gimble
Pressure balance
5.5 Sight glass
Flip
Flat
5.6 Hoses
Metallic
Rubber
5.7 Couplings
Flanged
Threaded
Quick coupling (Chicago
coupling)
Quick release
Cam locked
5.8 Rupture disk
Tension type
Reverse type
Flat type (nonmetallic)
5.9 Spray nozzle
Jet
Certain
Spray solid / hollow

deflection & lateral deflection

SB Forging
LB Casting
Hydraulically formed

To see process

Metallic for tank settlement or

loading / unloading
Rubber for utilities
Used along with utility hoses

Always Forging

ASME Sec.VIII

Sheet
Always Forging

To protect vessel & piping system from

over pressure or vacuum

For scrubbing, fire hazard, deuperheater

or inline mixing of aditives

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spiral
5.10 Sample cooler
5.11 Spray shower & eye
washer

Fabricated
Fabricated

To cool the sample

Emergency water requirement for
cleaning the body & eyes