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Sensing Architecture

1211Essays
on Rethinking Smart Design
Essays on Rethinking ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY

Report 2

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Report 2
Maria Lorena Lehman
www.sensingarchitecture.com

2008-2014 Maria Lorena Lehman | SensingArchitecture.com | A division of MLL Design Lab, LLC

COPYRIGHT INFORMATION
Copyright 2008-2014 by Maria Lorena Lehman. All rights reserved, including
the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form. No parts of this book
may be reproduced in any form without written permission of the copyright
owner, Maria Lorena Lehman. The author and publisher have used their best
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the author and the publisher make no warranties of any kind, express or
implied, with the regard of the information contained in this book, and
specially disclaim, without limitation, any implied warranties of merchantability
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Introduction: 11 Essays on Rethinking Architectural

Technology

A New Way to Visualize Architecture: The Holograph

Implications of a 3D Printed House

How Touch Technologies Yield More Personalized

Responsive Architecture

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Using Sensory Design with Tracking Technologies to

Promote Health

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How the Emotiv Epoc Headset May Lead to Environment

Mind Control

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How 3D Interactive Vision Can Impact Architectural

Design From an Augmented Reality Museum to Virtual
Objects

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How CAVE-CAD Can Improve Your Architectural Design

for Your Occupants

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Get Design Insight from Roomba-Embedded Building Air

Quality Maps

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When Lighting Interiors Hurt, it Impacts Your Buildings

Effectiveness

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10 More Efficient Building Systems Where RFID Antennas

Can Communicate with HVAC Ducts

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11 Can This Multi Touch Interactive Table Help Architects

Work Smarter?

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Sensing Architecture is created by Maria

Lorena Lehman, a designer, author, and
researcher from the United States. Maria
holds a Bachelor of Architecture with
Honors (BArch, 1998) from Virginia Tech
and a Master in Design with Distinction
(MDesS, 2004) from Harvard University
Graduate School of Design.
In her role as an Associate at a notable
architecture firm, Maria worked on
numerous award-winning architectural
projects. Additionally, she has also
received a wide-range of scholarly
honors. Maria Lorena Lehman has served
as an instructor and returning critic at the Harvard University Graduate School
of Design. Currently, her research focuses on links between the human sensory
system and new technology for architectural design.
You can learn more in the Biography of Maria Lorena Lehman

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Architectural technology is constantly evolving, and

as an architect, your job is to design innovatively
bringing the best in beauty, comfort, functionality, and
happiness to your building occupant. Thus, the following
is a grouping of articles to help you do just that with
architecture technology.
From new ways to visualize architecture, to new ways to
3D print architecture, the following articles will help you
see how technology can help architectural design. Its
not just about knowing of the latest technological toy
available, its about understanding how that technology
can add value to your building designs.
So, with that in mind, please read over the following
articles to better understand leading-edge concepts and
strategies that use architectural technology.

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There is a new way to visualize architecture and communicate its design. It

is a new method which comes in the form of the holographic architectural
representation system. Now, you may be wondering what that all means
so before I go any further, have a look at the following video so you can
see first-hand how holographs are changing the way architecture can be
presented and communicated. See if you can spot the advantages to having
such a holograph presentation system.
Watch the video here: http://vimeo.com/8078523
The advantages to the holographic presentation system are many. In fact, the
following are just a few:

chadmagiera | Flickr

Easy to store and travel with

Full color: you can see materiality in the model
Fast to produce
Can integrate nicely with your workflow (can be created from Autodesk
software)
Can use channeling feature: allowing up to four images on one
holographic print
So with all of these advantages you may ask what does this way of printing
holographs do to help architectural design? Well, for starters this holographic
printing solution takes modeling to another level where greater accuracy can
emerge. The thin surface that becomes a model in full color can reference
the materiality of your project in great detail, which results in you being able
to have more informative discussions and decision-making sessions with your
clients and design team members. Another benefit of this holographic printing
method is that it is very easy to replicate in other words you can leave a
holographic model behind with your client, consultant, or project investor. All
that is needed to see the holograph is a halogen or LED light source.
Earlier in this article I mentioned that these holographic prints can use a
channeling feature. Well, the following video will show you how this works
in action. Again, this is where up to four images can be shown on one
holographic print.
Watch the video here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dg1WsP_sdRg
And finally, just in case you may be interested in such a holographic printed
model for your architectural design project you can have them made
through a company called Zebra Imaging.

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Building construction is often an endeavor that

takes a long time and costs a lot of money. Thus,
advancements are being made that are changing the
very nature of the way construction occurs. You see,
by using robots to build houses, many benefits can
be gained particularly when those homes are built
using the Contour Crafting method. This method
is where robots build homes layer by layer. Walls
can be comprised of exotic shapes without the extra
cost. And all of this becomes possible by scaling up
3D printing to the scale of buildings. (These are just a
few of the highlights from the lecture shown below.)

fdecomite | Flickr

To give you a better idea of what I am describing

to you above, please watch the following video
of a TED talk which shows Behrokh Khoshnevis
presenting the concept. He is a professor of Industrial
and Systems Engineering and is the Director of
Manufacturing Engineering Graduate Program at the
University of Southern California.
Watch the video here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JdbJP8Gxqog
This method of construction brings with it many advantages some of which
hold implications for experience architectural design. As building geometries
become easier to configure and manipulate (for less cost) our building
landscape will begin to look quite different. Ironically, it is robotics that can
give architecture a more organic feel and with this comes the possibility for
architecture to take on a broader range of aesthetics, and possibly, functions.
The notion of changing an architectural design, by simply making changes
to the architecture program that constructs the design is intriguing. This can
provide for greater variety of architectural form, and can be used to better
personalize designs for their occupants. Architects, of course, will need to
design into the program that constructs such Contour Crafted architecture
perhaps liberating some of the limitations that constrain architects today.

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As we interact with buildings, we touch them. And by touching them, we

usually get the building to respond in a manner that meets our needs. You
can touch building features like doorknobs, flooring, handrails, wall switches,
doorbells, and windows. Yet, when you touch these building features you
usually touch them in one way, to yield a one-size-fits-all type of response.
Well, touch technologies are now evolving, where sensors are being
embedded in building features like doorknobs. And as a result, building
doorknobs are becoming able to read not just that there is a touch, but that
the touch was comprised of certain fingers.1 You see, with sensors, buildings
will be able to read how you touch them taking behavioral gestures to a
whole new level.

stebulus | Flickr

In fact, the following video will give you a great overview of just how
touching technologies are emerging. As you watch the video, be sure to
think of how such innovations can help your architectural designs.
Watch the video here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E4tYpXVTjxA
By distinguishing greater detail in touch, a larger touch vocabulary and
accurate language emerges. As an architect, you can use this language to
devise architecture that responds to its occupants in more customized ways.
Thus, by creating opportunity for greater variation in the way occupants use
their buildings a building will have more in-between states. This, of course,
allows for greater personalization.
So, as you design your architecture, think of the different ways in which
your occupant touches your building to accomplish or meet a need. Then
think of how your architecture can respond in more personalized ways to
your occupants touch. Really, your architecture is constantly interacting and
engaging occupants and with new advancements in sensing technologies,
you can begin to have your building read occupant wants in much greater
detail.
Hence, we are left with an architecture of nuance where building
features can sense occupant needs from much more subtle gestural cues. As
technologies advance to make more of this possible, be sure to capitalize on
such advancements, to help make your architecture more responsive and more
personalized.
1 Nosowitz, Dan. Video: Touch-Sensitive Doorknobs Could Lock or Unlock
with the Curl of a Finger. Popsci.com. May, 7, 2012.

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Lately, many technologies are surfacing that help
with the tracking of a persons physiological signals
for health. Such a technology is sleep tracking
technology which monitors heart rate, movement,
and breathing. So, when a person lies in bed
sleeping, data is being collected about the quality of
that persons sleep.1

jurvetson | Flickr

Yet, what can you, as an architect, do with such

data to help your occupants? And can architecture
be the go-between that pulls from data which
tracks health, to emitting environmental stimuli
which promotes health? Well, I say the answer to
the latter question is yes, and for the answer to the
first question: read on.
Just imagine if the two could work together: tracking health and promoting
health. With tracking, you would find health problems, and with promoting
you would treat and prevent health problems. Thus, to make this work, the
tracking device and the architecture would need to communicate.
As the device detects shifts in the health algorythms of an occupant, the
architecture could pull from this data to release just-in-time environmental
stimuli to cater to the particular occupant need.
For example, a sleep monitoring device might detect an occupant tossing
and turning in bed while trying to sleep at night. If the architecture could pull
from that data (communicating with the device), sensory design could really
help the architecture to interactively emit stimuli to prevent further sleep
disturbances. Some architectural aspects which could be tailored might include
the adjustment of temperature, lighting, sound, and even scent.
So I now ask you to think about how your architecture could be improved if it
could communicate with a device within it. What would that communication
need to be like in order to make for a successful architectural design response?
And how would your architecture be better as a result of that communication?
1 Simonite, Tom. Sleep Sensor Hides Beneath the Mattress. Technology
Review. November 9, 2011.

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Have you ever wondered what it would be like to control your house or other
environment with your mind? Well, advances in brain computer interfaces
are beginning to make much of this a reality. You see, certain brain computer
interfaces can feed off of the electroencephalograph (EEG) signals from your
brain, to then translate them into commands that are sent throughout a given
building.1
If you look for them, you will see that brain computer interfaces are beginning
to surface take for instance the emotiv epoc headset which uses similar
technology to what I described above, where this neural headset feeds off of
the EEG signals from the brain.
But what does this mean for architecture?
For starters, the notion of control within environments will be going through
a shift. As such brain computers as the emotiv epoc headset continue to
be refined in their development, it may be possible to assert environmental
decisions with less physical action and more mental reliance. This does seem to
be great news for those who are physically impaired, as they could use such an
epoc neuroheadset to engage with their environment more seamlessly.
Since the epic headset can allow its user to do things like arrange Flickr
photographs according to emotion, just imagine what might be possible when
incorporating transient environmental qualities into the mix.
What if when wearing such an epoc headset, you could change your
environment with your mind by using your emotions. How would your house
respond to you when you are feeling happy? And what might it do if you
were to feel sad? Would the house then try to cheer you up with its happier
lighting, sounds, or aromas?
Brain computer interfaces are certainly changing the face of interaction
by allowing otherwise secondary aspects, like emotions, to surface more
transparently into the decision-making realm. Really, emotions have always
been a part of decision-making in human life, but now with neuroheadsets
we will be able to see the real cause-and-effect relationship between emotion,
decision-making and consequence. all three of which could contribute to
better design and usability for occupants within their environments.
1 Rowe-Graham, Duncan. Control Your Home With Thought Alone. New
Scientist. July 5, 2011.

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3-D viewing of objects is something that many designers (particularly

architects) are always in search of doing better for, building design models
that take the form of physical prototypes or even virtual prototypes (as is built
within the computer using digital media) most often become limited in what
they can tell a designer about their designs.
But what happens when a 3-D viewing system is developed that can scan a
real-life object and put it on display so that, as a person walks around it, they
are viewing it in real life? Or, what if a 3-D system could present your digital
model again, so that one could walk around the model and view it just as if
it was real-life? And then the real power comes in when you add interactivity
to that model. Well, a group of students at Tsinghua University, in China, have
designed just such a 3-D viewing system.
The beauty of a system like this is that you could have a combination of the
best of both worlds: 1) a three-dimensional representation of a virtual model
that you could walk around and interact with, and 2) an augmented reality
model within which can be programmed functionalities that go beyond
zooming or panning the model itself, but involve aspects about the models
design that impact occupant experience through their senses.
I write this article in hopes to inspire such a merger between physical and
virtual model-making, where augmented reality models for architecture can
take on a three-dimensional interactive viewing system. That is, where the
union between the physical and the virtual help with the design of buildings
by allowing designers to see more than just what is on thveir surface (building
skin and bones), but to be able to steer more deeply into the way they behave
in relation to certain contexts.

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Application in Design: The Augmented Reality Museum

Apart from the design process itself, such a three-dimensional viewing
system may also contribute significantly to museum exhibit design where
an augmented reality museum, for example, would be able to capitalize on
such a fusion between the physical, the virtual, and the interactive. I would
imagine that such a 3D interactive viewing system would make for some quite
educational, cultural, and memorable museum visitor experiences. In such an
example you can see how you not only would be designing with such a 3-D
viewing system, but you could also be incorporating such a viewing system
into some of your designs.
To do this, you must begin to think and ask yourself certain strategic
questions.
For example, as you design, it is important to ask yourself about what type
of architectural behavioral information would help you best to visualize the
building design that youre working on. Would it be about the behavior of
your buildings energy, light, motion, thermal properties, or other transient
differences? Then, imagine how such behavioral information about the design
will help to inform you toward your design decisions. It may help to first ask
yourself what you are looking to discover with such an augmented reality
model, and then you can strategize as to how to achieve what you want to
discover if you presented it in augmented reality model form.
The merger between the virtual and the real is more than just about
replicating a design idea just because you can. Instead, it can be about
experimenting and testing ideas to see not only how they look, but also how
they behave and feel.

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Researchers at the UCSD division of the California Institute for

Telecommunications and Information Technology (Calit2) have developed
innovative CAD (computer-aided design) software called CAVE-CAD that,
when integrated with novel hardware to monitor human neurological and
physiological responses, makes architectural design more efficient. CAVECAD also adds an important feature missing in conventional CAD: an
ability to immediately experience the consequence of modifying design.
Source: UC San Diego News Center, CAVE-CAD Software Will Help Mine
Human Brain to Improve Architectural Design
This exciting latest development of CAVE-CAD means great things for the
evolution of occupant-centered architectural design. While this instrument
is used to measure occupant response to an immersive experience of an
architectural building design decision, I see many other uses for such a
development that can really help our profession as well as all people that
experience architecture.
To give you a better idea of what this simulation/experiential tool can
do, please watch the following video which will show you CAVE-CAD in
action, while also explaining some of the research teams future plans for
development: http://ucsdnews.ucsd.edu/archive/video/2011cave.html
As you can see, CAVE-CAD is a great instrument for testing architectural
designs in terms of how occupants will be likely to experience them. As an
immersive testing and design tool, it is possible to make design changes on
the fly while simultaneously analyzing how an occupant would respond to
such change. I particularly like that the aural environment that goes along with
the visual environment which can be tested
simultaneously for an occupants experiential
reaction. Its a great way to get inside the
head of an occupant, and to get inside the
design before its constructed so as to better
understand how design decisions impact
occupants.
While being immersed in CAVE-CAD,
occupants might feel lost or overwhelmed,
surprised or bored, or curious and happy.
And if steps can be taken to delve into such
occupant physiology, emotion, behavior,
cognition, and even spirituality then
CAVE-CAD can prove to be a very powerful
tool for architectural design.

Brain EEG

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As you design your buildings using your own process, just imagine how you
might like to test certain aspects experientially, going beyond the visual. By
finding and developing a testing ground where you can fuse the different
senses together into a virtual experience of a space, you will likely make better
design decisions and will also be able to communicate your design better to
future occupants.
And dont think that you need CAVE-CAD to do all of your testing for
occupant experience. For example, you can set up virtual aural and visual
simulations using your computer along with a projection screen and speakers.
The trick is to devise a plan to study your occupants reactions: whether
physiological, intellectual, emotional, behavioral, and/or spiritual.
For optimal results, keep track of what research materials and tools are
becoming available to you as an architectural designer. Try to improve your
designs for your occupants by better understanding not only your designs
before they are built, but also by better understanding your occupants
reactions to those design ideas. In following along this path, you will stand in
prime position to boost your design process to yield higher quality design with
less error.

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tr.robinson | Flickr

So often, as an architect, attention is paid to the visual senses as masses,

materiality, and even lighting are carefully chosen for a particular design vision.
But how do you as an architect target more intangible things, like building air
quality?
I read an article recently that describes one way to track patterns of building
air quality changes within a room. You see, by using a sensor-embedded
Roomba, researchers were able to map any detrimental changes in a rooms
air quality as the Roomba traveled about its path. So, the next question
becomes what to do with such a map?
First, I would say that air quality within an environment is quite important.
And by understanding more about the quality of air within a rooms design,
you may be able to spot leaks,off-gasing, or even toxins that invisibly impact
your occupants health. While using the Roomba is a novel idea, it does invite
one to think about what other devices within a room can track and monitor
patterns that would otherwise go undetected during lifelong daily occupant
use.
The key is to think about the aging process of a building, the changing needs
of your occupant, or even the evolving surroundings of your built environment
that may well affect the quality of its interior. Thus, your built designed
environments need to be maintained and optimized for occupant health.
Thus, I invite you to consider what happens to your designed spaces once
built? Do they maintain that healthy initial state that they had when they
were first constructed? Do you or your occupants have a way to check the
more imperceptible living conditions of that space while it is being inhabited?
And how might you go beyond the Roomba solution described above, to
make sure your design keeps up with your or your occupants standards?

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Biscarotte | Flickr

Have you ever thought about the significance of

lighting in terms of how it affects your daily activities
and your ability to perform them well? Lighting
interiors can make a significant difference in carrying
through the intent of how you want your building to
function, whether it be a retail clothing store,
hospital patient room, a residential design or a school
classroom.
In the following four examples, I will be presenting you
with how lighting can make a significant difference in
helping a building design to perform better and be
more effective

Retail Clothing Store Design: Have you ever been

within a retail clothing store where the clothes look so
beautiful on the rack (as they are illuminated well
there)? Then, you select your size off the rack and
proceed to a dressing room to try them on. Low and
behold, it looks terrible because the lighting overhead in the dressing room is
flickering, makes noise and/or distributing an improper color. Needless to say
the sale was missed. Be sure to notice the good stores who get this right.
Hospital Patient Room: Within a hospital postoperative recovery room, there
comes a point where it is important for the patient to engage in Activities
of Daily Living (ADLs) various grooming activities. But for a recovering
patient in the hospital who has been sick it can be a huge effort to go into
the bathroom to engage in such activities. Now what if when looking in the
mirror to groom, the lighting was poor? How do you think that would affect
the patients mood, optimism toward healing, and general sense of feeling
betteras they start off and end their day? Thus, there are key places where
lighting interiors can make a very significant difference in healing.
At Home: Suppose an elderly person keeps their medicine at home in
their kitchen, by their nightstand or perhaps in the medicine cabinet in the
bathroom. Suppose there is improper lighting in one of these places at the
time of day when this person goes to take their new medication. As they
read instructions on the bottle, they misread and take the improper dosage
amount. Thus, lighting interiors properly can have both subtle and serious
consequences.
School Classroom: In a school classroom, improper lighting can actually
affect learning like when the student is trying to read the chalkboard
from different distances, or when they are trying to read their computer
screen while sitting next a bright window, or perhaps while trying to watch a
computer-based PowerPoint lecture that the teacher is giving. After all, if that
student is sitting in a dark room watching a PowerPoint lecture, will they be
able to see the notes that they are taking on their desk? Perhaps not unless

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they have their own computer glaring right back at them in the darkness.
Thus, better classroom lighting interiors can help to boost classroom learning
and perhaps even participation.
As you can see from the following examples, lighting interiors are important
factors that contribute to how your space gets used, which results in not only
how your building is perceived, but also in how well those that use it are able
to do just that. Improper lighting can hinder so many aspects of what makes
space functional. So as you design your next space, make sure you consider
the nuances involved when it comes to good lighting.
What works for one space within your building may not work for another
space within the same building. Much depends on the activity that goes on
within a particular area at a certain time. Also, do not think about lighting
interiors in terms of just trying to prevent lighting mistakes. You should also
think of lighting as another design tool which can help you leverage your
buildings effectiveness.
For example, consider how natural daylight spectrums filter into your interior
spaces as your occupants need a certain amount of exposure per day since
it affects their circadian rhythm. And of course, the circadian rhythm can
be linked to sleep and wake cycles and can ultimately impact overall health.
Another example of how lighting affects functionality.
So, I urge you to consider how your lighting interiors are impacting your
occupants. How might you make them better? And how might you use them
to leverage what your design already does best?

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c
ffi
E
Ca na Lehman
s
e
r
a
o
n
M Anten
ore
aria L
M
y
RFID Ducts b
As current buildings make their way toward
HVAC

becoming interactive architectural environments

that increasingly gain capabilities to adapt, you
can begin to imagine how that kind of buildings
communication system will act like a nervous
system that travels throughout the building
infrastructure. But you may ask yourself, just how might this wiring take
place? And how can we prevent that communication infrastructure from being
redundant both in the labor it takes to build, and in its ability to sync with
dispersed sensors throughout the building.
According to the article entitled Turning HVAC into RFID,1 HVAC ducts are
a very useful way to create a building wide antenna that can serve to help
process incoming information from RFID antenna sensor networks that
control various systems within a building. What this all means is that most of a
buildings nervous system can go from being wired, to being wireless.
As was pointed out in the article, we have many systems within a building that
work from sensors, including temperature control, fire and security systems.
And while such wireless communication may prove to work very well for
certain building needs, it may not quite work as well for others. But just as
with any new technological ideas, there will be limitations and challenges.
However, finding ways to make communication more efficient within smart
buildings, is a step in the right direction.

Adding Functionality by Enhancing Your Buildings

Nervous System
Today many buildings are rather static, depending on their own occupants to
make them operable by physically adjusting so many of their components.
Yes, buildings today have an array of wired technologies which give them
certain capabilities; but still, they ultimately depend mostly on occupant
control points where an occupant must either go to a control device to
make changes (like with a temperature thermostat), or be notified via some
type of an alarm system (like a security system which may or may not be
tied to a centralized call center to get help).
However, I think that we can take things much further, so that building
communication systems do more than simply react with one-off solutions.
For instance, what if a building system could use it sensors to detect patterns
in occupants daily activities by analyzing multiple building systems at once
(they could cross-talk) and then correlate those patterns with particular goals
which an occupant (or architect) has specified? In this case, a building with an
optimized nervous system could make better sense of those patterns to more
efficiently and effectively make environmental changes for that occupant (or
group of occupants) in real time.

19

20

Thus, bridging the gap between sensors and their central communication
channels within a building by making more systems wireless will allow for
increased opportunity by which designers can embed their sensors strategically
to obtain necessary cues that might make an adaptive building work closer to
its optimal potential. And, as with most wireless technologies, there will come
a certain amount of added freedom for both the architect and their building
occupants if designed well.
1 Dillow, Clay. (2010) Sensor Networks in Buildings Could Use AC Ducts as
Huge, Building-Wide Antennas, Popular Science.

11

p
l
e
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ble
a
T
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tiv na Lehman
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a
r
e
Int y Maria Lore
h
c
u
To arter? b
i
t
l
u
s M ork Sm
i
h
T
Can itects W
Arch
New interactive tools are
surfacing to help architects
do their job better. One
such tool is a multi touch
3-D architectural application
which can be used as both an
interactive table device and a
larger scale screen projection.
While I can see such devices
being helpful to architects for
brainstorming, project reviews,
coordination meetings, and
client presentations, we really
should ask is this just
another cool device? Or,
does it really help architects
like you to do your job better?
Before we go on to talk
further about the application
technology, I think it best
to show you a glimpse of
what such multi-touch devices
can do:
campuspartycolombia | Flickr

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TAanod1F6bI
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HVJpDlhORxw
As you can see, 3-D visualizations are developing past solely working with still
renderings or even scripted and locked in place animations which today
mostly run as replays of camera movements that serve to walk someone
through a space along a predesignated path. But what makes these new multi
touch virtual reality environments even more helpful is that they give architects
the ability to interact with their construction documents in new ways, that are
a bit more interactive and intuitive as they are tools that can be used to answer
possible questions that may arise or to spot potential problems that may need
to be solved in real time during meetings or client presentations.
By making construction documents link to more comprehensive building
models, they become a bit more of an immersive experience that not only
helps architects see their designs better, but also helps them to explain
them better as other members of their design team, consulting team and
client teams seek to more fully understand the implications of certain design
decisionsthus, preventing future problems that may arise.

21

22

When presenting, such an interactive table or screen application might help

clients or other reviewers to feel more in control as they travel through
a space being able to question it in the places where they think it needs
questioning. In turn, this helps by making them feel more confident if they
like what they see and experience, all because this interface helps architects to
better communicate their most complex of architectural visions.
Essentially, such new and interactive tools that can be used within both
architectural working environments as well as architectural presentation
environments are quite important to keep developing. For when designing
a building, it helps when tools are optimized so that they help bridge the
gap between architects, the unrealized building, and their clients helping
them to make smarter decisions more quickly, prevent future problems from
arising during construction, and ensuring that the client sees and is confident
that they are getting what they want and need. Needless to say, I do think
that there will be a bright future for such multi touch architectural design
and presentation interactive tools. So what you think? How could such an
interactive tool help you with your architectural design process?

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