Sociology Unit 2

Complete the following table of terms and the 2006

question attached. You will be expected to know these
terms thoroughly.
N

TERM

DEFINITION

o:
1

Population

Total number of inhabitants in a given area

Crude Birth Rate

Indicates number of live births per 1000 population

in a given year. Number of live births/Total

3
4
5

Crude Death Rate

Population *1000
Indicates number of deaths per 1000 population in a

Fecundity
Fertility Rate

given year. Number of deaths/Total Population*1000

A persons maximum possible childbearing capacity.
The number of live births per 1000 of woman aged
15-49 years in a given year. {NoBs/Num of Age 15-

Age specific Fertility

49 *1000}
The number of live births within a specific age group

Rate

per 1000 in a given year. {NoBs/Num of Age 20-24

Natural Increase

*1000}
The surplus of births over deaths in a given country
for a particular year. {Opposite being the Natural

8
9

Life Expectancy

Decrease} {NI=NoBs-NoDs}
An estimate of the average number of additional

Dependency Ratio

years a person may expect to live.

Number of dependants: Number of working
population

{(Pop under 15 + Pop age 65+) *100/ Pop age 1564}

10
11
12
13
14

Unemployable
Employment
Unemployment
Underemployment
Structural

employment
15 Frictional
Employment
16 Voluntary
17
18
19
20
21

Employment
Over population
Under population
Optimum population
Population density
Immigration

Number of person coming into a country. {Number

22 Emigration

of persons coming in/Total Pop *1000}

Number of person going out of a country. {Number

23 Net migration
24 International

of persons going out/Total Pop *1000}

Immigration Emigration per year
Movement from one country to another

25
26
27
28
29
30
31

migration
Internal Migration
Urbanisation
Cohort
Census
Vital Statistics
Infant Mortality Rate
Population Growth
Rate

32 Human Development
Index

Movement across a country {e.g parish to parish}

Living in the towns.

NoDs/TotalLiveBirths *1000
Natural increase + Net migration/ Total Pop
[{Birth-deaths, for a given year} + {ImmigratonEmigration in a given year}/Total population]
Life expectancy + Education + GDP

2006 Question Paper

9. Country B has population of 24 million. There are five million children
under the age of 15 years and 18 million persons between 15 and 64 years
old. The rest of the population is considered elderly and does not work.
(a) Calculate the dependency ratio.
6/18 = 1/3 = 33.3%
(b) State TWO things that a countrys dependency ratio may imply about that
country.
1. The level of health care required.
2. The standard of living which should exist in the country as a result of
the proportion of economically active people.
(c) State TWO measures a country can take to address the issue of an aging
population.
1. Give incentives for example a grant, to persons with 2 or more
children.
2. Improve the number of homes needed in order to facilitate the new
older members of society.
2003 Structured Question