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Law, J.D.
Session 33f
Page 1/6
r =
sm
dm
dt
dm
dt
(1)
dsm
dt
= m
(2)
sm
(3)
where
m =
dm
dt
sm =
dsm
dt
dm
+ sm = r + sm
dt
(4)
d 2 m
dt 2
dm
dt
dsm
dt
(5)
Assume sm is a constant.
dr
dt
d 2 m
dt 2
dm
dt
(6)
ECE 504
Law, J.D.
Session 33f
Page 2/6
dm
0
+ B m = a = m
dt
(7)
where
J is the combined inertia of the turbine, shaft, rotor, and excitor
B is the total damping
a is the accelerating torque
0m is the prime mover torque (Mechanical)
e is the electrical counter torque
Equation 7 can be rewritten using Eq. 6 and Eq. 4
dm
d 2 m
0
+ B(
+ sm ) = m
2
dt
dt
(8)
dm
d 2 m
0
+
B
+ B sm = m
dt 2
dt
(9)
Multiply by m
m J
d 2 m
dm
0
+ m B
+ m B sm = m m
2
dt
dt
m e
(10)
m B sm
(11)
Rearrange terms
m J
d 2 m
dm
0
+ m B
+ m e = m m
2
dt
dt
ECE 504
Law, J.D.
Session 33f
Page 3/6
Equation 11 can be rewritten in terms of the electrical power, Pe , and mechanical power, Pm .
m J
d 2 m
dm
+ m B
+ Pe = Pm
2
dt
dt
(12)
where
Pe = m e
Pm = m 0m
From Eq. 4 and recognizing that
m =
dm
dt
m Bsm
sm
dm
+ sm
= sm
dt
(13)
d 2 m
dm
+ sm B
+ Pe = Pm
sm J
2
dt
dt
(14)
(15)
where
Pmax =
Vs Eg
XT
= m (
NP
)
2
2sm
2sm
2 sm
d 2 m
dm
sm J
+ sm B
+ Pmax cos() = Pm
2 sm
dt 2
dt
(16)
2 2sm d 2 m
dm
J
+ sm B
+ Pmax cos() = Pm
2
sm 2
dt
dt
(17)
ECE 504
Law, J.D.
Session 33f
Page 4/6
WKE
2sm
J
2
(18)
2
d 2 m
dm
WKE
+ sm B
+ Pmax cos() = Pm
2
sm
dt
dt
Multiply the first two terms by 1 in the form
(19)
NP =2
NP =2
2
d 2
sm d
WKE 2 +
B + Pmax cos() = Pm
e
dt
NP =2 dt
(20)
where
e =
NP
sm
2
(21)
2
d 2
d
H 2 +D
+ Pmaxpu cos() = Pmpu
e
dt
dt
(22)
where
H=
WKE
Sbase
D=
sm
B
(NP =2) Sbase
ECE 504
Law, J.D.
Defining M =
2H
e
Session 33f
Page 5/6
d
d 2
+
D
+ Pmaxpu cos() = Pmpu
dt 2
dt
(23)
d
d 2
+D
dt 2
dt
= Pmpu
(24)
ECE 504
Law, J.D.
Session 33f
Page 6/6
The Equal Area Criteria (s25b handout) ignores damping; i.e., D = 0. With the CBs open
(Pe = 0),
d 2
dt 2
= Pmpu
(25)
d 2
dt 2
e Pmpu
2H
NP =2sm Pmpu
2H
dr
dt
(29)
r = t + r0
(30)
r0 = 0
(31)
r = t
(32)
d
dt
(33)
Z
d =
(26)
(27)
= r = t
Pmpu
M
tdt
= a constant
(28)
(34)
1
0 = t 2
2
(35)
1
= 0 + t 2
2
(36)