2-224

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA

TABLE 2-241

Saturated Carbon Dioxide*

T, K

P, bar

vf, m3/kg

vg, m3/kg

hf, kJ/kg

hg, kJ/kg

sf, kJ/(kgK)

sg, kJ/(kgK)

cpf, kJ/(kgK)

216.6
220
225
230
235

5.180
5.996
7.357
8.935
10.75

8.484.4
8.574.4
8.710.4
8.856.4
9.011.4

0.0712
0.0624
0.0515
0.0428
0.0357

386.3
392.6
401.8
411.1
420.5

731.5
733.1
735.1
736.7
737.9

2.656
2.684
2.723
2.763
2.802

4.250
4.232
4.204
4.178
4.152

1.707
1.761

240
245
250
255
260

12.83
15.19
17.86
20.85
24.19

9.178.4
9.358.4
9.554.4
9.768.4
1.000.3

0.0300
0.0253
0.0214
0.0182
0.0155

430.2
440.1
450.3
460.8
471.6

738.9
739.4
739.6
739.4
738.7

2.842
2.882
2.923
2.964
3.005

4.128
4.103
4.079
4.056
4.032

270
275
280
290
300

32.03
36.59
41.60
53.15
67.10

1.056.3
1.091.3
1.130.3
1.241.3
1.470.3

0.0113
0.0097
0.0082
0.0058
0.0037

494.4
506.5
519.2
547.6
585.4

735.6
732.8
729.1
716.9
690.2

3.089
3.132
3.176
3.271
3.393

3.981
3.954
3.925
3.854
3.742

304.2c

73.83

2.145.3

0.0021

636.6

636.6

3.558

3.558

1.879

f, 104 Pas

1.64

kf, W/(mK)
0.182
0.178
0.171
0.164
0.160

1.933

1.45

1.992

1.28

0.156
0.148
0.140
0.134
0.128

2.125

1.14

2.410

1.02

2.887
3.724

0.91
0.79
0.60

0.116
0.109
0.102
0.088
0.074

0.31

*c = critical point. The notation 8.484.4 signifies 8.484 104.

The 1993 ASHRAE HandbookFundamentals (SI ed.) gives material for integral degrees Celsius with temperatures on the LPTS 68 scale for saturation temperatures from 56.57 to 30.98 degrees Celsius. The thermodynamic diagram from 4 to 1000 bar extends to 420C.
Saturation and superheat tables and a chart to 15,000 psia, 840F appear in Stewart, R. B., R. T. Jacobsen, et al., Thermodynamic Properties of Refrigerants,
ASHRAE, Atlanta, GA, 1986 (521 pp.). For specific heat, thermal conductivity, and viscosity, see ASHRAE Thermophysical Properties of Refrigerants, 1993.
Saturation and superheat tables and a diagram to 200 bar, 1000 K are given by Reynolds, W. C., Thermodynamic Properties in S.I., Stanford Univ. publ., 1979 (173
pp.). Holste, J. C., D. M. Bailey, et al., Energy Progr., 6, 2 (1986): 125130, give properties mainly in the range 0100 bar, 200450 K for the superheated vapor. Compare these with Angus, S., B. Armstrong, et al., International Tables of the Fluid StateCarbon Dioxide, Pergamon, Oxford, 1976 (377 pp.). In Miller, C. E. III and
S. E. Wilder, NASA SP 3097, 1976 (489 pp.), many properties and decomposition products are tabulated for pressures from 107 to 104 atm., 10025,000 K. For the
range to 50 kb, 4002100 K, see Bottinga, Y. and P. Richet, Amer. J. Sci., 281 (1981): 615660.

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THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
TABLE 2-242

2-225

Superheated Carbon Dioxide*

Temperature, K

P, bar

300

350

400

450

500

600

700

800

900

1000

v
1h
s

0.5639
809.3
4.860

0.6595
853.1
4.996

0.7543
899.1
5.118

0.8494
947.1
5.231

0.9439
997.0
5.337

1.1333
1102
5.527

1.3324
1212
5.697

1.5115
1327
5.850

1.7005
1445
5.990

1.8894
1567
6.120

v
5h
s

0.1106
805.5
4.548

0.1304
850.3
4.686

0.1498
897.0
4.810

0.1691
945.5
4.925

0.1882
995.8
50.31

0.2264
1101
5.222

0.2645
1211
5.392

0.3024
1326
5.546

0.3403
1445
5.685

0.3782
1567
5.814

v
10 h
s

0.0539
800.7
4.405

0.0642
846.9
4.548

0.0742
894.4
4.674

0.0841
943.5
4.790

0.0938
994.1
4.897

0.1131
1100
5.089

0.1322
1211
5.260

0.1513
1326
5.414

0.1703
1445
5.555

0.1893
1567
5.683

v
20 h
s

0.0255
790.2
4.249

0.0311
839.8
4.402

0.0364
889.3
4.534

0.0416
939.4
4.653

0.0466
990.8
4.762

0.0564
1098
4.955

0.0661
1209
5.127

0.0757
1325
5.282

0.0853
1444
5.423

0.0948
1567
5.551

v
30 h
s

0.0159
778.5
4.144

0.0201
832.4
4.341

0.0238
883.8
4.447

0.0274
935.2
4.569

0.0309
987.3
4.679

0.0375
1096
4.876

0.0441
1208
5.049

0.0505
1324
5.204

0.0570
1444
5.346

0.0633
1566
5.474

v
40 h
s

0.0110
764.9
4.055

0.0146
824.6
4.239

0.0175
878.3
4.380

0.0203
931.1
4.507

0.0230
984.3
4.619

0.0281
1094
4.818

0.0331
1205
4.993

0.0379
1323
5.148

0.0428
1443
5.291

0.0476
1566
5.419

v
50 h
s

0.0080
748.2
3.968

0.0112
816.3
4.179

0.0138
872.6
4.330

0.0161
926.9
4.457

0.0183
981.1
4.572

0.0224
1091
4.773

0.0265
1205
4.948

0.0304
1322
5.104

0.0343
1443
5.247

0.0382
1566
5.377

v
60 h
s

0.0058
726.9
3.878

0.0090
807.7
4.126

0.0113
866.9
4.314

0.0133
922.7
4.416

0.0151
977.8
4.532

0.0187
1089
4.736

0.0221
1204
4.912

0.0254
1321
5.069

0.0286
1442
5.212

0.0318
1565
5.341

v
80 h
s

0.0062
788.4
4.029

0.0081
855.1
4.208

0.0097
914.2
4.347

0.0112
971.3
4.468

0.0140
1085
4.675

0.0166
1201
4.854

0.0191
1320
5.011

0.0216
1441
5.155

0.0240
1565
5.286

v
100 h
s

0.0045
766.2
3.936

0.0062
843.0
4.144

0.0076
905.7
4.290

0.0089
964.9
4.417

0.0111
1081
4.627

0.0133
1198
4.808

0.0153
1318
4.967

0.0173
1440
5.111

0.0193
1564
5.241

v
150 h
s

0.0023
704.5
3.716

0.0038
811.9
4.005

0.0049
884.8
4.177

0.0058
949.4
4.313

0.0074
1072
4.536

0.0089
1192
4.722

0.0103
1314
4.884

0.0117
1437
5.030

0.0130
1562
5.162

v
200 h
s

0.0017
670.0
3.591

0.0027
783.2
3.894

0.0035
865.2
4.088

0.0043
934.9
4.234

0.0056
1063
4.468

0.0067
1186
4.668

0.0078
1310
4.824

0.0088
1435
4.970

0.0099
1561
5.104

v
300 h
s

0.0017
745.3
3.747

0.0023
834.0
3.956

0.0029
910.6
4.118

0.0038
1047
4.367

0.0046
1176
4.573

0.0053
1303
4.743

0.0060
1431
4.886

0.0067
1559
5.021

v
400 h
s

0.0015
728.1
3.663

0.0018
814.6
3.867

0.0022
893.3
4.033

0.0029
1035
4.292

0.0035
1168
4.497

0.0041
1298
4.671

0.0047
1428
4.824

0.0052
1558
4.960

0.0016
803.5
3.805

0.0018
881.9
3.970

0.0024
1027
4.234

0.0029
1162
4.443

0.0034
1294
4.620

0.0038
1426
4.774

0.0043
1557
4.913

v
500 h
s

*Interpolated and rounded from Vukalovich and Altunin, Thermophysical Properties of Carbon Dioxide, Atomizdat, Moscow, 1965; and Collett, England, 1968.
TABLE 2-243

Saturated Carbon Monoxide*

T, K

P, bar

vf, m3/kg

vg, m3/kg

hf, kJ/kg

hg, kJ/kg

sf, kJ/(kgK)

sg, kJ/(kgK)

81.62
83.36
88.25
96.16
101.51

1.01
1.52
2.03
4.05
6.08

1.268.3
1.295.3
1.317.3
1.385.3
1.440.3

0.0666
0.0631
0.0606
0.0547
0.0513

150.25
158.56
165.00
182.76
195.0

365.30
368.07
370.00
374.21
375.98

3.005
3.104
3.178
3.368
3.489

5.640
5.559
5.501
5.359
5.271

105.69
109.17
116.08
121.48
125.97

8.12
10.13
15.20
20.27
25.33

1.489.3
1.535.3
1.651.3
1.778.3
1.936.3

0.0318
0.0253
0.0163
0.0116
0.0085

204.8
213.2
231.0
246.3
261.2

376.6
376.6
374.5
370.2
363.6

3.580
3.656
3.807
3.918
4.041

5.206
5.152
5.043
4.948
4.854

129.84
132.91c

30.40
34.96

2.168.3
3.337.3

0.0063
0.0033

277.6

313.15

4.161

4.747

*Pressure and volume values converted, and enthalpy and entropy values reproduced, from Hust and Stewart, NBS Tech.
Note 202, 1963. This source gives values at and above 72.373 K at closer pressure intervals. c = critical point. The notation
1.268.3 signifies 1.268 103.
Goodwin, R. D., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 14, 4 (1985): 849932, gives properties to 1000 bar, 681000 K.

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THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
TABLE 2-287

2-257

Compressed Neon*
Pressure, bar

Temperature,
K

10

20

40

60

80

100

200

400

600

800

1000

v
100 h
s

0.4117
195.4
6.129

0.0410
194.0
5.168

0.0204
192.4
4.869

0.0102
189.4
4.556

6.76.3
186.6
4.363

5.08.3
184.0
4.221

4.09.3
181.6
4.106

2.22.3
174.1
3.739

1.42.3
173.3
3.386

1.18.3
180.0
3.197

1.06.3
189.2
3.066

9.74.4
199.2
2.964

v
200 h
s

0.8243
298.5
6.844

0.0828
298.4
5.893

0.0416
298.4
5.605

0.0210
298.2
5.315

0.0142
298.2
5.143

0.0107
298.2
5.020

8.69.3
298.3
4.924

4.61.3
299.4
4.620

2.61.3
304.6
4.308

1.95.3
312.4
4.124

1.63.3
321.8
3.994

1.43.3
332.1
3.893

v
300 h
s

1.236
401.6
7.262

0.1241
401.8
6.312

0.0624
402.2
6.026

0.0315
402.8
5.739

0.0212
403.5
5.570

0.0160
404.1
5.450

0.0129
404.9
5.357

6.77.3
408.8
5.065

3.71.3
417.8
4.769

2.69.3
427.8
4.593

2.18.3
438.5
4.469

1.87.3
449.7
4.372

v
400 h
s

1.648
504.6
7.558

0.1654
505.0
6.609

0.0830
505.4
6.323

0.0418
506.4
6.037

0.0281
507.4
5.896

0.0212
508.3
5.750

0.0171
509.3
5.657

8.88.3
514.4
5.369

4.77.3
525.3
5.078

3.40.3
536.7
4.907

2.72.3
548.4
4.785

2.30.3
560.2
4.690

v
500 h
s

2.060
607.6
7.788

0.2066
608.1
6.839

0.1036
608.6
6.553

0.0521
609.7
6.267

0.0350
610.8
6.100

0.0264
611.9
5.981

0.0213
613.0
5.889

0.0110
618.8
5.601

5.82.3
630.7
5.313

4.10.3
642.9
5.144

3.24.3
655.2
5.023

2.73.3
667.5
4.929

v
600 h
s

2.472
710.6
7.975

0.2478
711.1
7.027

0.1242
711.7
6.741

0.0625
712.9
6.455

0.0419
714.1
6.288

0.0316
715.3
6.169

0.0254
716.5
6.077

0.0130
722.5
5.791

6.85.3
735.0
5.504

4.80.3
747.8
5.335

3.77.3
760.5
5.215

3.15.3
773.2
5.122

v
700 h
s

2.884
813.5
8.134

0.2890
814.1
7.186

0.1449
814.7
6.900

0.0728
816.0
6.614

0.0487
817.2
6.447

0.0367
818.5
6.328

0.0295
819.7
6.236

0.0151
826.0
5.950

7.89.3
838.9
5.664

5.49.3
851.9
5.496

4.29.3
865.0
5.376

3.57.3
878.1
5.284

v
800 h
s

3.296
916.5
8.272

0.3302
917.1
7.323

0.1655
917.7
7.038

0.0831
919.0
6.752

0.0556
920.3
6.585

0.0419
921.6
6.466

0.0336
922.9
6.374

0.0172
929.3
6.088

8.92.3
942.4
5.802

6.18.3
955.7
5.634

4.81.3
969.0
5.515

3.98.3
982.2
5.423

v
900 h
s

3.708
1020
8.393

0.3714
1020
7.444

0.1861
1021
7.159

0.0934
1022
6.873

0.0625
1023
6.706

0.0470
1025
6.588

0.0378
1026
6.496

0.0192
1033
6.210

9.96.3
1046
5.924

6.87.3
1059
5.756

5.32.3
1073
5.637

4.40.3
1086
5.545

v
1000 h
s

4.120
1123
8.502

0.4126
1123
7.553

0.2067
1124
7.267

0.1037
1125
6.982

0.0693
1126
6.815

0.0522
1128
6.696

0.0419
1129
6.604

0.0213
1136
6.318

0.0110
1149
6.032

7.56.3
1163
5.856

5.84.3
1176
5.746

4.81.3
1190
5.654

*Values extracted and in some cases rounded off from those cited in Rabinovich (ed.), Thermophysical Properties of Neon, Argon, Krypton and Xenon, Standards
Press, Moscow, 1976. This source contains an exhaustive tabulation of values. v = specific volume, m3/kg; h = specific enthalpy, kJ/kg; s = specific entropy, kJ/(kgK).
The notation 6.76.3 signifies 6.76 103. This book was published in English translation by Hemisphere, New York, 1988 (604 pp.).
TABLE 2-288

Saturated Nitrogen (R728)*

T, K

P, bar

vf, 103 m3/kg

63.15t
65
70
75
77.35

0.1253
0.1743
0.3859
0.7609
1.0133

1.155
1.165
1.193
1.224
1.239

80
85
90
95
100

1.369
2.287
3.600
5.398
7.775

1.258
1.297
1.340
1.390
1.447

vg, m3/kg
1477
1091
525.6
281.8
216.9
164.0
101.7
66.28
44.87
31.26

hf, kJ/kg

hg, kJ/kg

sf, kJ/(kgK)

sg, kJ/(kgK)

cpf, kJ/(kgK)

f, 104 Pas

kf, W/(mK)

148.5
144.9
135.2
125.4
120.8

64.1
65.8
70.5
74.9
76.8

2.459
2.516
2.657
2.789
2.849

5.826
5.757
5.595
5.460
5.404

1.928
1.930
1.937
1.948
1.955

2.74
2.17
1.77
1.60

0.170
0.160
0.151
0.141
0.136

115.6
105.7
95.6
85.2
74.5

78.9
82.3
85.0
86.8
87.7

2.913
3.032
3.147
3.256
3.363

5.345
5.244
5.152
5.067
4.985

1.964
1.989
2.028
2.086
2.176

1.48
1.27
1.10
0.97
0.87

0.132
0.123
0.114
0.105
0.097

0.79
0.71
0.60
0.48
0.32

0.088
0.080
0.071
0.063
0.052

105
110
115
120
125

10.83
14.67
19.40
25.15
32.05

1.514
1.597
1.714
1.892
2.324

22.23
15.98
11.47
8.031
5.016

63.8
51.4
38.1
21.4
5.1

87.4
85.6
81.8
74.3
57.2

3.469
3.575
3.687
3.821
4.024

4.904
4.820
4.729
4.619
4.444

2.319
2.566
3.063

126.25c

33.96

3.289

3.289

34.8

34.8

4.252

4.252

*Reproduced and converted from Vasserman and Rabinovich, Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Air and Its Components, Standartov, Moscow, 1968; and Israel
Program for Scientific Translations, TT 69-55092, 1970. t = triple point; c = critical point.
Other extensive tables are given by Angus, S., International Thermodynamic Tables of the Fluid State6. Nitrogen, Pergamon, 1977 (244 pp.); Hanley, H. J. M.,
R. D. McCarty, et al., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 3 (1974): 9791019.
Saturation and superheat tables to 30,000 psia and a chart to 10,000 psia, all to 860R, appear in Stewart, R. B., R. T. Jacobsen, et al., Thermodynamic Properties of
Refrigerants, ASHRAE, Atlanta, GA, 1986 (521 pp.). For specific heat, thermal conductivity, and viscosity, see Thermophysical Properties of Refrigerants, ASHRAE,
1993.
The 1993 ASHRAE HandbookFundamentals (SI ed.) has a thermodynamic chart for pressures from 0.1 to 800 bar and temperatures from 80 to 500 K.

Copyright 1999 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Use of
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2-258

FIG. 2-13

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA

Temperature-entropy diagram for nitrogen. Section of T-S diagram for nitrogen by E. S. Burnett, 1950. (Reprinted from U.S. Bur. Mines Rep. Invest.

4729.)

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TABLE 2-289

Thermophysical Properties of Nitrogen (R728) at Atmospheric Pressure

T (K)
v (m3/ kg)
h (kJ/ kg)
s (kJ/ kgK)
cp (kJ/ kgK)
Z
vws (m/s)
(106 Pas)
k (W/mK)
NPr

77.4b
0.2164
76.7
5.403
1.341
0.9545
172
5.0
0.0074
0.913

80
0.2252
80.0
5.446
1.196
0.9610
177
5.2
0.0077
0.811

100
0.2871
101.9
5.690
1.067
0.9801
202
6.7
0.0098
0.728

120
0.3474
123.1
5.884
1.056
0.9883
222
8.0
0.0117
0.727

140
0.4071
144.2
6.046
1.050
0.9927
240
9.3
0.0136
0.723

160
0.4664
165.2
6.186
1.047
0.9952
257
10.6
0.0154
0.721

180
0.5255
186.1
6.309
1.045
0.9967
273
11.8
0.0171
0.720

200
0.5845
207.0
6.419
1.043
0.9977
288
12.9
0.0187
0.719

220
0.6434
227.8
6.519
1.043
0.9984
302
14.0
0.0203
0.718

240
0.7023
248.7
6.609
1.042
0.9990
316
15.0
0.0218
0.717

T (K)
v (m3/ kg)
h (kJ/ kg)
s (kJ/ kgK)
cp (kJ/ kgK)
Z
vws (m/s)
(106 Pas)
k (W/mK)
NPr

260
0.7611
269.5
6.693
1.042
0.9994
329
16.0
0.0232
0.717

280
0.8199
290.3
6.770
1.041
0.9997
341
17.0
0.0247
0.716

300
0.8786
311.2
6.842
1.041
0.9998
359
17.9
0.0260
0.716

320
0.9371
332.0
6.909
1.042
0.9999
365
18.8
0.0273
0.717

340
0.9960
352.8
6.972
1.042
1.0000
376
19.7
0.0286
0.717

360
1.0546
373.7
7.032
1.043
1.0001
387
20.5
0.0299
0.717

380
1.1134
394.5
7.088
1.044
1.0002
397
21.4
0.0311
0.717

400
1.1719
411.5
7.142
1.045
1.0002
408
22.2
0.0324
0.717

420
1.2305
436.3
7.193
1.047
1.0002
417
23.0
0.0336
0.717

440
1.2892
457.3
7.242
1.048
1.0003
427
23.8
0.0347
0.717

T (K)
v (m3/ kg)
h (kJ/ kg)
s (kJ/ kgK)
cp (kJ/ kgK)
Z
vws (m/s)
(106 Pas)
k (W/mK)
NPr

460
1.3481
478.3
7.288
1.051
1.0003
437
24.5
0.0359
0.718

480
1.4065
499.3
7.333
1.053
1.0004
446
25.3
0.0371
0.718

500
1.4654
520.4
7.376
1.056
1.0004
455
26.0
0.0383
0.718

600
1.758
626.9
7.570
1.075
1.000
496
29.5
0.0440
0.722

700
2.052
735.6
7.738
1.098
1.000
534
32.8
0.0496
0.726

800
2.344
846.6
7.886
1.122
1.000
568
35.9
0.0551
0.730

900
2.636
960.0
8.019
1.146
1.000
601
38.8
0.0606
0.734

1000
2.931
1075.7
8.141
1.167
1.001
631
41.6
0.658
0.737

1500
4.396
1680.5
8.630
1.244
1.001
765

2000
5.862
2313.5
8.995
1.284
1.001
879

b = normal boiling point.

TABLE 2-290

Saturated Nitrogen Tetroxide

vg, m3/kg

Mf

Mg

299.32
309.57
326.66
337.43
345.45

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

694
711
733
749
762

0.2996
0.1630
0.0876
0.0608
0.0469

91.857
91.886
91.766
91.625
91.488

79.157
76.503
73.538
71.748
70.480

10
15
20
30
40

351.88
364.09
373.17
386.57
396.52

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

774
800
822
863
903

0.0382
0.0262
0.0199
0.0133
0.0098

91.346
90.979
90.601
89.823
89.018

69.483
67.742
66.547
64.997
64.099

50
60
80
100

404.50
411.20
422.07
430.76

0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001

945
993
129
577

0.00761
0.00607
0.00394
0.00209

88.191
87.344
85.602
83.817

63.532
63.181
62.959
63.366

Pressure, bar

Temperature, K

1.0133
2
4
6
8

vf, m3/kg

Condensed from McCarty, R. D., H-U. Steurer, et al., NBS IR 86 - 3054,

1986 (106 pp.). M = mol wt for the reaction N2O4 A 2NO2 A 2NO + O2. No
derived thermodynamic functions were tabulated due to unduly large differences in literature values, but 92 references are given.
TABLE 2-291

Saturated Nitrous Oxide

Temp., F

Pressure, psia

vf, ft3/lbm

vg, ft3/lbm

h f, Btu/lbm

h g, Btu/lbm

s f, Btu/lbmR

sg, Btu/lbmR

127.2
100
80
60
40

14.70
33.68
56.79
90.29
136.68

0.01310
0.01358
0.01398
0.01444
0.01495

5.069
2.374
1.463
0.939
0.648

0.0
11.7
20.8
30.2
40.3

161.7
165.9
168.8
171.5
173.7

0.0000
0.0304
0.0534
0.0782
0.1044

0.4864
0.4591
0.4433
0.4315
0.4222

20
0
20
40
60

198.62
278.97
380.88
507.51
662.69

0.01555
0.01625
0.01711
0.01819
0.01968

0.450
0.316
0.227
0.164
0.117

50.6
60.5
70.2
80.3
91.9

175.3
176.2
176.2
175.0
172.1

0.1296
0.1518
0.1718
0.1920
0.2145

0.4133
0.4036
0.3928
0.3815
0.3687

0.0222
0.0247
0.0354

0.0792
0.0611
0.0354

105.7
114.7
136.4

165.0
157.5
136.4

0.2382
0.2523
0.2890

0.3480
0.3302
0.2890

80
90
97.6c

851.5
961.0
1052.2

Rounded and condensed from Couch, E. J. and K. A. Kobe, Univ. Texas Rep., Cont. DAI-23-072-ORD-685, June 1, 1956.
c = critical point.
2-259

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2-262

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA

TABLE 2-294

Saturated Oxygen (R732)*

T, K

P, bar

vf, 103 m3/kg

54.35 t
55
60
65
70

0.0015
0.0018
0.0073
0.0233
0.0624

0.776
0.778
0.790
0.802
0.816

75
80
85
90
90.18

0.1448
0.3003
0.5677
0.9943
1.0133

0.827
0.845
0.862
0.880
0.881

1.634
2.547
3.794
5.443
7.559

0.899
0.920
0.944
0.970
0.998

95
100
105
110
115

vg, 103 m3/kg

93980
77920
21240
7200
2894
1330
680.7
379.7
227.1
223.2
143.9
95.46
65.81
46.81
34.15

cpf, kJ/(kgK)

f, 104 Pas

kf , W/(mK)

5.642
5.510
5.397
5.301
5.297

1.570
1.589
1.607
1.625
1.626

3.04
2.54
2.16
1.88
1.87

0.170
0.164
0.157
0.151
0.151

3.045
3.113
3.196
3.276
3.354

5.216
5.141
5.073
5.009
4.950

1.645
1.672
1.706
1.752
1.814

1.66
1.51
1.34
1.20
1.07

0.144
0.138
0.131
0.125
0.118

h f, kJ/kg

hg, kJ/kg

s f, kJ/(kgK)

s g, kJ/(kgK)

189.8
188.9
181.1
173.3
165.5

48.9
49.5
53.8
58.1
62.4

2.156
2.172
2.308
2.432
2.545

6.548
6.507
6.223
5.992
5.801

159.2
149.7
141.7
133.7
133.4

66.6
70.8
74.9
78.8
78.9

2.631
2.754
2.849
2.940
2.943

125.4
117.1
108.6
99.9
90.0

82.4
85.7
88.5
90.8
92.6

120
125
130
135
140

10.21
13.48
17.44
22.19
27.82

1.031
1.070
1.116
1.170
1.237

25.42
19.21
14.67
11.25
8.612

81.6
71.8
61.5
50.6
38.9

93.6
93.9
93.3
91.6
88.4

3.432
3.510
3.588
3.667
3.748

4.892
4.836
4.779
4.720
4.657

1.896
2.004
2.148
2.341
2.629

0.97
0.86
0.78
0.70
0.60

0.111
0.103
0.096
0.088
0.080

145
150
154.77c

34.45
42.23
50.87

1.332
1.487
2.464

6.499
4.705
2.464

25.9
10.8
35.2

82.9
73.1
35.2

3.833
3.928
4.219

4.583
4.487
4.219

3.141
3.935

0.52

0.072

*Reproduced and converted from Vasserman and Rabinovich, Thermophysical Properties of Liquid Air and Its Components, Standartov, Moscow, 1968; and Israel
Program for Scientific Translations, TT 69-55092, 1970. t = triple point; c = critical point.
Other tables are given by Sytchev, V. V., A. A. Vasserman, et al., Thermodynamic Properties of Oxygen, Hemisphere, New York, 1987 (307 pp.); Stewart, R. B., R. T.
Jacobsen, et al., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 20, 5 (1991): 9171021; For fps units, see Thermodynamic Properties of Refrigerants, ASHRAE, Atlanta, GA, 1986 (521
pp.). For specific heat, thermal conductivity, and viscosity, see Thermophysical Properties of Refrigerants, ASHRAE, 1993. See also Roder, H. M., Transport Properties of Oxygen, NASA Ref. Publ. 1102, 1983 (87 pp.); Laesecke, A., K. Krauss, et al., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 19, 5 (1990): 10891122.

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THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES

FIG. 2-15 Temperature-entropy chart for oxygen. Pressure P, atm; density , (gmol)/L; temperature, K; enthalpy H, J/(gmol); entropy,
J/(gmolK). (NBS Chart D-56. Reproduced by permission.)

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2-263

2-264

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA

Enthalpy-concentration diagram for oxygen-nitrogen mixture at 1 atm. Reference states: Enthalpies of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen at the normal
boiling point of nitrogen are zero. (Dodge, Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1944.) Wilson, Silverberg, and Zellner, AFAPL TDR
64-64 (AD 603151), 1964, p. 314, present extensive vapor-liquid equilibrium data for the three-component system argon-nitrogen-oxygen as well as for binary systems including oxygen-nitrogen.
FIG. 2-16

TABLE 2-295

Pentane

Canjar and Manning (Thermodynamic Properties and Reduced Correlations for Gases, Gulf, Houston, 1967) give extensive
tables and an enthalpylog-pressure diagram, based upon Brydon, Walen, and Canjar [Chem. Eng. Prog. Symp. Ser., 49, 7,
(1951): 151157]. For isopentane, Arnold, Liou, and Eldridge [ J. Chem. Eng. Data, 10, 88 (1965)] used the Benedict-WebbRubin equation to generate information to 600F and 60 atm. Das and Kuloor used the same equation in Ind. J. Technol., 5,
46 (1967) to calculate information up to 1500 K and 1000 atm. Saturation and superheat tables and a diagram to 200 bar,
600 K are given by Reynolds, W. C., Thermodynamic Properties in S.I., Stanford Univ. publ., 1979 (173 pp.). For equations,
see Grigoryev, B. A., Yu. L. Rastorguyev, et al., Int. J. Thermophys., 11, 3 (1990): 487502.

TABLE 2-296
T, K
m

336.4
400
500
600
700
800
1000
1200
1400
1500

Saturated Potassium*

P, bar

vf, m3/kg

1.37.9
1.84.7
3.13.5
9.26.4
0.01022

0.001208
0.001229
0.001266
0.001304
0.001346

0.06116
0.7322
3.913
12.44
20.0

0.001389
0.001488
0.001605
0.001742
0.001816

vg, m3/kg

h f, kJ/kg

h g, kJ/kg

sf, kJ/(kgK)

s g, kJ/(kgK)

c pf, kJ/(kgK)

4.64.+6
3.39.+4
3164
142.3

93.8
145.5
225.1
302.7
379.4

2327
2342
2390
2433
2468

1.928
2.068
2.246
2.388
2.506

8.567
7.559
6.576
5.937
5.490

0.822
0.805
0.785
0.771
0.762

455.5
609.7
773.5
948.0
1040.0

2498
2552
2610
2679
2718

2.608
2.780
2.929
3.063
3.123

5.161
4.722
4.459
4.299
4.209

0.761
0.792
0.846
0.899
0.924

26.75
2.691
0.584
0.207
0.132

*Converted from tables in Vargaftik, Tables of the Thermophysical Properties of Liquids and Gases, Nauka, Moscow, 1972;
and Hemisphere, Washington, 1975. m = melting point. The notation 1.37.9 signifies 1.37 109.
Many of the Vargaftik values also appear in Ohse, R. W., Handbook of Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Alkali
Metals, Blackwell Sci. Pubs., Oxford, 1985 (1020 pp.). This source contains superheat data. Saturation and superheat tables
and a diagram to 30 bar, 1650 K are given by Reynolds, W. C., Thermodynamic Properties in S.I., Stanford Univ. publ., 1979
(173 pp.). For a Mollier diagram from 0.1 to 250 psia, 1300 to 2700R, see Weatherford, W. D., J. C. Tyler, et al., WADD-TR61-96, 1961. An extensive review of properties of the solid and the saturated liquid is given by Alcock, C. B., M. W. Chase, et
al., J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 23, 3 (1994): 385497.

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THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
TABLE 2-298

2-267

Saturated Propylene (Propene, R1270)

T, K

P, bar

v f, m3/kg

vg, m3/kg

h f, kJ/kg

hg, kJ/ kg

s f, kJ/(kgK)

s g, kJ/(kgK)

c pf, kJ/(kgK)

87.9t
90
100
110
120

9.54.9
2.05.8
4.81.7
6.08.6
4.88.5

0.001 301
0.001 305
0.001 325
0.001 346
0.001 367

1.82.+7
8.66.+6
411 165
35 753
4 856

290.1
285.1
265.4
247.7
229.8

279.2
281.1
290.2
299.6
309.3

1.923
1.867
1.659
1.490
1.335

4.554
4.424
3.897
3.488
3.158

1.695
1.760
1.820

130
140
150
160
170

2.77.4
1.20.3
4.17.3
0.0122
0.0309

0.001 389
0.001 411
0.001 434
0.001 458
0.001 483

927.0
230.91
71.043
25.903
10.842

211.4
192.4
172.9
153.1
133.1

319.3
329.4
339.8
350.4
361.2

1.187
1.046
0.912
0.784
0.663

2.895
2.681
2.506
2.363
2.245

180
190
200
210
220

0.0697
0.1425
0.2686
0.4727
0.7849

0.001 508
0.001 535
0.001 563
0.001 593
0.001 624

5.080
2.613
1.452
0.860
0.538

112.7
92.2
71.4
50.3
28.8

372.1
383.1
394.2
405.3
416.3

0.547
0.436
0.329
0.226
0.127

225.5 b
230
240
250
260

1.0133
1.2401
1.8775
2.7401
3.8737

0.001 642
0.001 657
0.001 693
0.001 732
0.001 774

0.4241
0.3515
0.2388
0.1674
0.1206

16.9
7.0
15.3
38.0
61.3

422.2
427.1
437.8
448.2
458.2

270
280
290
300
310

5.3269
7.1499
9.3954
12.12
15.38

0.001 820
0.001 872
0.001 929
0.001 995
0.002 071

0.0888
0.0666
0.0507
0.0390
0.0303

85.2
109.9
135.3
161.6
189.0

320
330
340
350
360

19.23
23.75
29.01
35.12
42.20

0.002 162
0.002 273
0.002 418
0.002 628
0.003 038

0.0236
0.0184
0.0142
0.0107
0.0075

365.6 c

46.65

0.004 476

0.0045

f, 106 Pas

k f, W/(mK)

Pr

2017
1526
1185

0.214
0.209
0.204

15.98
12.85
10.57

1.875
1.923
1.964
1.996
2.020

941
735
587
478
397

0.198
0.193
0.188
0.183
0.178

8.91
7.32
6.13
5.21
4.50

2.147
2.066
1.999
1.943
1.896

2.044
2.067
2.094
2.128
2.162

334.5
286.1
244.9
212.7
187.0

0.173
0.168
0.162
0.157
0.152

3.95
3.52
3.17
2.88
2.66

0.073
0.030
0.064
0.157
0.247

1.874
1.857
1.825
1.797
1.774

2.182
2.199
2.243
2.298
2.369

175.0
166.2
149.2
135.0
123.0

0.149
0.147
0.142
0.137
0.131

2.56
2.49
2.36
2.26
2.22

467.8
476.9
485.3
492.8
499.3

0.336
0.425
0.512
0.600
0.688

1.753
1.735
1.719
1.704
1.688

2.418
2.494
2.584
2.693
2.842

112.9
106.6
100.0
93.0
85.6

0.126
0.121
0.116
0.112
0.109

2.17
2.20
2.23
2.24
2.23

217.7
248.2
280.9
317.6
364.1

504.3
507.4
507.6
502.8
486.0

0.776
0.867
0.961
1.062
1.188

1.672
1.652
1.627
1.592
1.527

3.007
3.335
3.723
4.669

77.8
69.6
61.0

0.104
0.097
0.090
0.082

2.25
2.39
2.52

433.3

433.3

1.374

1.374

t = triple point; b = normal boiling point; c = critical point. The notation 9.54.9 signifies 9.54 109. hf = sf = 0 at 233.15 K = 40C. Converted from Angus, S., B.
Armstrong, et al., Intnl. Thermodynamic Properties of the Fluid State7. Propylene (Propene) R1270, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1980 (401 pp.).

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2-268

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA

TABLE 2-299

Compressed Propylene (Propene, R1270)

Temperature, K

Pressure, bar

225

250

275

300

325

350

375

400

425

450

v (m3/ kg)
1 h (kJ/ kg)
s (kJ/ kgK)

0.00164
17.9
0.0779

0.4817
455.5
2.0169

0.5334
491.2
2.1530

0.5846
529.1
2.2847

0.6354
569.1
2.4128

0.6858
611.4
2.5380

0.7361
656.0
2.6610

0.7861
702.8
2.7821

0.8361
751.9
2.9010

0.8859
803.2
3.0183

v (m3/ kg)
10 h (kJ/ kg)
s (kJ/ kgK)

0.00164
17.2
0.0810

0.00173
38.5
0.1535

0.00184
97.6
0.3788

0.04986
501.2
1.7631

0.05670
547.0
1.9653

0.06295
593.2
2.0466

0.06889
640.8
2.1774

0.07460
689.7
2.3042

0.08014
740.6
2.4273

0.08557
793.3
2.5480

v (m3/ kg)
20 h (kJ/ kg)
s (kJ/ kgK)

0.00163
16.3
0.0841

0.00172
39.3
0.1497

0.00184
98.1
0.3736

0.00198
161.5
0.5941

0.02324
512.7
1.6920

0.02773
568.2
1.8567

0.03149
621.5
2.0024

0.03489
673.5
2.1381

0.03803
726.5
2.2674

0.04104
781.5
2.3923

v (m3/ kg)
40 h (kJ/ kg)
s (kJ/ kgK)

0.00163
14.4
0.0908

0.00172
40.8
0.1419

0.00182
99.0
0.3638

0.00196
161.3
0.5806

0.00216
230.0
0.8001

0.00256
313.3
1.0466

0.01465
633.6
1.9256

0.01682
695.4
2.0758

0.01872
755.6
2.2131

v (m3/ kg)
60 h (kJ/ kg)
s (kJ/ kgK)

0.00162
12.6
0.0970

0.00171
42.3
0.1345

0.00181
100.1
0.3546

0.00194
161.5
0.5684

0.00211
228.2
0.7816

0.00240
303.8
1.0055

0.00743
575.4
1.7272

0.00944
656.7
1.9250

0.01126
726.1
2.0832

v (m3/ kg)
80 h (kJ/ kg)
s (kJ/ kgK)

0.00162
10.7
0.1031

0.00170
44.0
0.1274

0.00180
101.3
0.3458

0.00192
162.0
0.5570

0.00208
227.2
0.7657

0.00231
299.0
0.9781

0.00402
499.7
1.5107

0.00605
607.7
1.7795

0.00757
693.3
1.9693

v (m3/ kg)
100 h (kJ/ kg)
s (kJ/ kgK)

0.00161
8.8
0.1091

0.00169
45.6
0.1202

0.00179
102.6
0.3374

0.00190
162.7
0.5466

0.00204
226.7
0.7514

0.00224
296.1
0.9570

0.00256
373.5
1.1704

0.00316
464.9
1.4061

0.00426
567.8
1.6456

0.00551
660.1
1.8669

v (m3/ kg)
150 h (kJ/ kg)
s (kJ/ kgK)

0.00160
4.1
0.1236

0.00167
49.9
0.1038

0.00176
106.1
0.3180

0.00186
165.0
0.5228

0.00198
227.0
0.7214

0.00214
292.8
0.9163

0.00234
362.9
1.1100

0.00262
438.5
1.3049

0.00300
519.5
1.5021

0.00354
604.6
1.6958

v (m3/ kg)
200 h (kJ/ kg)
s (kJ/ kgK)

0.00159
0.8
0.1371

0.00166
54.4
0.0884

0.00174
110.0
0.3004

0.00183
167.9
0.5021

0.00194
228.7
0.6963

0.00207
292.3
0.8852

0.00222
359.2
1.0701

0.00242
429.9
1.2521

0.00266
504.4
1.4319

0.00296
581.4
1.6086

v (m3/ kg)
300 h (kJ/ kg)
s (kJ/ kgK)

0.00157
10.9
0.1625

0.00163
63.8
0.0601

0.00170
118.5
0.2688

0.00178
175.2
0.4660

0.00187
234.2
0.6549

0.00197
295.5
0.8367

0.00208
359.3
1.0127

0.00221
425.7
1.1839

0.00236
494.4
1.3507

0.00253
565.6
1.5133

v (m3/ kg)
400 h (kJ/ kg)
s (kJ/ kgK)

0.00155
21.2
0.1863

0.00161
73.6
0.0347

0.00167
127.7
0.2407

0.00174
183.6
0.4351

0.00182
241.5
0.6207

0.00190
301.5
0.7985

0.00199
363.7
0.9705

0.00209
428.0
1.1362

0.00220
494.4
1.2972

0.00232
562.9
1.4536

v (m3/ kg)
500 h (kJ/ kg)
s (kJ/ kgK)

0.00153
31.6
0.2082

0.00159
83.7
0.0112

0.00165
137.3
0.2155

0.00171
192.6
0.4080

0.00178
249.8
0.5910

0.00185
309.0
0.7664

0.00193
370.1
0.9351

0.00201
433.3
1.0981

0.00210
498.7
1.2559

0.00220
565.4
1.4092

Converted and interpolated from Angus, S., B. Armstrong, et al., International Thermodynamic Tables of the Fluid State7. Propylene, Pergamon, Oxford, 1980
(401 pp.).
The 1993 ASHRAE HandbookFundamentals (SI ed.) has a thermodynamic chart for pressures from 0.1 to 1000 bar for temperatures up to 580 K. Saturation and
superheat tables and a diagram to 30,000 psia, 580F appear in Stewart, R. B., R. T. Jacobsen, et al., Thermodynamic Properties of Refrigerants, ASHRAE, Atlanta,
GA, 1986 (521 pp.). For specific heat, thermal conductivity, and viscosity, see Thermophysical Properties of Refrigerants, ASHRAE, 1993.

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