WATER REGULATIONS

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015
ChE
150
Environmental
Engr.
Kristian
July R. Yap Process Engineering

nd Semester
University of 2the
Philippines
Diliman
AY 2014-2015

OUTLINE

Existing Water Resources

Status of Coastal Waters
Status of Rivers
Stream Standards
Effluent Standards
Phil. Clean Water Act of 2004

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

EXISTING WATER RESOURCES

MARINE WATERS

Cover an area of about 226,000 sq km,
including bays and gulfs

Coastline stretches to about 17,460 km

64 of 79 provinces are in coastal areas

GROUNDWATER

Deep well

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

EXISTING WATER RESOURCES

INLAND FRESHWATER

Rivers
-- 18 major river basins
-- 421 principal rivers

Lakes
-- 79 lakes
-- 10 major lakes

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

STATUS OF COASTAL WATERS

Source:
Ecowatch for the
Philippines and
International
Workshop, May
31-June 2, 2004,
JL Business
Consultancy Inc.

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

STATUS OF COASTAL WATERS

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

STATUS OF COASTAL WATERS

Source: Ecowatch for the Philippines and International Workshop, May 31-June 2, 2004, JL Business
Consultancy Inc.

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

STATUS OF COASTAL WATERS

Source:
Ecowatch for the
Philippines and
International
Workshop, May
31-June 2, 2004,
JL Business
Consultancy Inc.

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

STATUS OF COASTAL WATERS

Source: CRMP, DENR, USAID, Tetra Tech EM
Inc.

Source: Ecowatch for the Philippines and

International Workshop, May 31-June 2, 2004, JL
Business Consultancy Inc.

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

STATUS OF COASTAL WATERS

Source: Ecowatch for the Philippines

and International Workshop, May 31June 2, 2004, JL Business Consultancy
Inc.

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

STATUS OF RIVERS

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

STATUS OF RIVERS
% of Rivers that are considered as sources of water supply
% of groundwater that is contaminated with coliform and needs
to be treated

36

% of groundwater extraction that is covered by proper permits

% of illnesses monitored over a 5-year period that is caused by
water-borne sources
% of Philippine population connected to a sewer system
Annual economic loss (health costs, fisheries and tourism losses)
caused by water pollution, in billions of pesos
Investment required to put a sewerage infrastructure, billion
pesos

40

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

58

31
7
67
250

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

STATUS OF RIVERS
Ratio of water demand to renewable available water

1:3

Drop in the levels of water resources per year

30-50% or 1 m/year

No. of major rivers safe for drinking

No of rivers that are biologically dead

0
50

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

WATER SITUATIONER
Water pollution and contamination

Increase in water pollution loads by
16 to 18 times for solids and organics

Water resources use competition:
domestic, municipal, industrial uses

From 1995 to 2025: Increase of 70 to 345%

Industrial use in cities: 700%

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

EFFLUENT REGULATIONS
STREAM STANDARDS (DAO 34)

Regulates any discharge into a stream
to the extent necessary to maintain the
established stream classification

EFFLUENT STANDARDS (DAO 35)

Requires that, in all effluents from a certain
type of industry, the waste discharged be kept
below either a certain percentage or maximum
concentration of polluting matter
ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

STREAM STANDARDS

The quality of Philippine waters shall be
maintained in safe and satisfactory condition
according to their best usages
-- objective of water quality criteria is to
maintain minimum conditions necessary
to assure the suitability of water for its
designated use or classification
How do we determine the quality of our waterbodies?

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

WATER CLASSIFICATIONS
SURFACE WATERS

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

WATER CLASSIFICATIONS
SURFACE WATERS

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

WATER CLASSIFICATIONS
SURFACE WATERS

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

WATER CLASSIFICATIONS
COASTAL and MARINE WATERS

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

WATER CLASSIFICATIONS
COASTAL and MARINE WATERS

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

WATER CLASSIFICATIONS
COASTAL and MARINE WATERS

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

STREAM STANDARDS
WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR
CONVENTIONAL POLLUTANTS

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

STREAM STANDARDS
WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR TOXIC and
OTHER DELETERIOUS SUBSTANCES

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

EFFLUENT STANDARDS
How do we determine the establishments
compliance?

DAO 35 (or DAO 1990-35)
-- Revised Effluent Regulations of 1990
(Revising and Amending the Effluent
Regulations of 1982)
-- Shall apply to all industrial and
commercial wastewater/effluents

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

EFFLUENT STANDARDS
TERMINOLOGIES

OEI
-- Old and Existing Industry (as of 1990)

NPI
-- New and Proposed Industry

Strong Wastes
-- wastewater whose initial BOD value is
equal or greater than 3,000 mg/L

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

EFFLUENT STANDARDS
EFFLUENT STANDARDS FOR
CONVENTIONAL POLLUTANTS

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

EFFLUENT STANDARDS
EFFLUENT STANDARDS FOR
CONVENTIONAL POLLUTANTS

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

EFFLUENT STANDARDS
EFFLUENT STANDARDS FOR TOXIC and
OTHER DELETERIOUS SUBSTANCES

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

EFFLUENT STANDARDS
EFFLUENT STANDARDS FOR INDUSTRIES
PRODUCING STRONG WASTES

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

EFFLUENT REGULATIONS
NOTES:

Effluent standard is easier to administer
than stream standard.

Effluent standard has no control over the
volume of waste being discharged.

Effluent standard is based more on economics
and practicality of treatment rather than an
absolute protection of the stream.

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

EFFLUENT REGULATIONS
NOTES:

The primary motive of stream standard
is to protect and preserve each stream
for its best usage.

Difficulties include:
-- confusion when zones of different
classifications are staddled by the
waste generator
-- need for complex and thorough stream
survey prior to classification
ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

CLEAN WATER ACT

RA 9275 (Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004)

Enacted on March 22, 2004
Published on April 21, 2004
Took effect on May 6, 2004

IRR of RA 9275 DAO 2005-10

Signed by the Secretary on May 16, 2005

Published last May 26, 2005
(Manila Times and Manila Standard Today)
ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

CLEAN WATER ACT

OBJECTIVES

To protect the countrys water bodies
from pollution from land-based sources

To provide comprehensive and integrated
strategy to prevent and minimize pollution
through multi-sectoral and participatory
approach involving all stakeholders

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

CLEAN WATER ACT

PRIMARY ASPECTS

Nationalize a system of discharge permits,
in effect, granting permissions to industry
for the use of surface waters (lakes, rivers, etc).

Create water quality management areas that
will be responsible for all the water and all water
users within their jurisdictions.

Make retrofits and use of clean technology more
feasible than paying fines, encourage industry to
use less water by rewarding re-use/recycling.
ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

CLEAN WATER ACT

SALIENT FEATURES

To promote a system of policy coordination
and cooperation among LGUs, water quality
management areas or river basins shall be
formed, each with a governing board.

Establishment of a national baseline of
groundwater vulnerability.

Establishment of effluent standards based
on categories of point sources.

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

CLEAN WATER ACT

SALIENT FEATURES

Requirement for sewage generators in highly
urbanized cities (HUCs) and Metro Manila to
put up appropriate sewage collection and
treatment facilities or connect to sewage lines.
In areas not considered as HUCs, a septic or
combined sewerage-septic management
system shall be employed.

Implementation of water pollution charge system
based on polluters pay principle. The fee shall be
based on the total waste load and other factors.
ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

CLEAN WATER ACT

SALIENT FEATURES

For new projects which are subjected to EIA
System, a financial guarantee instrument
shall be required to finance emergency
response, clean-up or rehabilitation of
affected areas, should pollution incident
clearly attributable to the project occurs.

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

CLEAN WATER ACT

SALIENT FEATURES

Establishment of Water Quality Management
Fund to finance containment and clean-up
operations of government, research,
capability-building, enforcement and
monitoring other expenses.

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

NEXT MEETING

Water Treatment (Onsite)

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015

QUESTIONS???
ChE
150
Environmental
Engr.
Kristian
July R. Yap Process Engineering

nd Semester
University of 2the
Philippines
Diliman
AY 2014-2015

REVIEW (1st Exam)

Intro to Environmental Engineering

Reactions in the Environment
Hydrosphere
Water Pollution
Measures of Water Quality
Water Regulations

ChE 150 Environmental Process Engineering

2nd Semester AY 2014-2015