Kuliah 7

Mahasiswa mampu menjelaskan cara penggunaan

obat dengan alat khusus
1. Penggunaaan insulin
2. Penggunaan berbagai macam inhaler.

http://www.asthma.org.uk/News/being-shown-the-right-way-to-use-an-inhaler-by-their-pharmacist-canhelp-people-manage-their-asthma

Medication Usage

Non-Medication Factors

Difficulties associated with

inhalers
Complicated regimens
Fears about, or actual side
effects
Cost
Distance to pharmacies

Misunderstanding/lack of
information

Fears about side-effects

Inappropriate expectations

Underestimation of severity

Attitudes toward ill health

Cultural factors

Poor communication

Global Initiative for Asthma

Estimate Comparative Daily Dosages for

Inhaled Glucocorticosteroids by Age
Drug

Low Daily Dose (g) Medium Daily Dose (g)

High Daily Dose (g)

> 5 y Age < 5 y

> 5 y Age < 5 y

> 5 y Age

<5y

Beclomethasone

200-500

100-200

>500-1000

>200-400

Budesonide

200-600

100-200

600-1000

>200-400

Budesonide-Neb
Inhalation Suspension

Ciclesonide

250-500

80 160

>1000

>1000

500-1000

>400

>400

>1000

80-160

>160-320

>160-320

>320-1280

>320

Flunisolide

500-1000

500-750

>1000-2000

>750-1250

>2000

>1250

Fluticasone

100-250

100-200

>250-500

>200-500

>500

>500

Mometasone furoate

200-400

100-200

> 400-800

>200-400

>800-1200

Triamcinolone acetonide

400-1000

400-800

>1000-2000

>800-1200

>2000

Global Initiative for Asthma

>400
>1200

NEBULIZER
INHALER
Metered-dose aaerosol.
Dry-powder inhaler,

This is an electrical device that sends medicine

directly into mouth by tube or, in children, by
clear mask.
It require no hand-breath coordination.
Simply put in the prescribed amount of
medicine, take the tube in your mouth (or
place the mask over the child's nose and
mouth) and breathe normally until the
medicine is gone.

(http://www.aafa.org/display.cfm?id=8&sub=17&cont=167)
9

10

www.summitmedicalgroup.com
11

asthmaready.org

rationalpreparedness.blogspot.com

12

13

14

www.pediatricsupplier.com
15

www.mountainside-medical.com
16

conemaugh.kramesonline.
com

www.cfece.org

17

Convenient and easy to use.

Dispense medicine directly to the place where it is
needed, greatly reducing side effects as compared
with medicines taken as pills or tablets.
Deliver medicine to the troubled site quickly,
without need for absorption, digestion and
circulation.
Deliver both long-lasting anti-inflammatory
benefits or short-acting, quick-relief
bronchodilation when needed.
18

As with adults, children with asthma may

need more than one inhaler.
In order to run, swim and play with others, a
child with asthma may need one inhaler for
constant anti-inflammatory treatment and
another, containing different medicine, for
bronchodilation when a child is involved in
physical activity.
19

20

This sends a measured dose of medicine into

the mouth using a small amount of
pressurized gas.
Sometimes a "spacer" is placed between the
drug reservoir and mouth to control the
amount inhale.

21

Aerosols fell out of favor a few years ago when

the common propellant chlorofluorocarbon
(CFC), a gas that depletes the atmosphere's
ozone layer, was banned throughout the
world.

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

Fluticasone
Flixotide (flutikason propionate50 g , 125 g

/dosis) Inhalasi aerosol

Dewasa dan anak > 16 tahun: 100-250 g, 2 kali
sehariAnak 4-16 tahun; 50-100 g, 2 kali sehari.

31

Untreated asthma, in contrast, does cause

reduction in final height.

32

There is newer evidence that antiinflammatory medicines taken by dry-power

inhaler may cause tooth erosion in children by
changing the mouth's chemical environment.
They also reduce the production of saliva,
affecting the mouth's natural way of
maintaining its chemical balance.

33

To offset these side effects, some dentists

recommend rinsing with a fluoride
mouthwash and chewing sugarless gum to
stimulate salivation after inhaling medicine.

They recommend against brushing, because

the action of brushing large-particle powder
against young teeth may weaken already
damaged enamel.
34

Tetes Mata
Tetes Telinga
Enema
Tetes Hidung
Vaginal Douche
Vaginal Tab
Suppositoria

35