Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Unit
1
Grammar
P re se n t S im p le /P re s e n t C o n tin u o u s
P re se n t P e rfe c t S im p le /P re s e n t P e rfe c t C o n tin u o u s
Verbs, N o u n s, A d je c tiv e s an d A dve rbs
R o u-id U p G ra m m a r a n d V o ca b u la ry ( U n it 1)
P ast S im p le /P a s t C o n tin u o u s
U se d to /W o u ld
P a st P e rfe c t S im p le /P a s t P e rfe c t C o n tin u o u s
R ound U p G ra m m a r a n d V o ca b u la ry (U n it 2 )
F u tu re S im p le /F u tu re C o n tin u o u s /b e g o in g to
F u tu re P e rfe c t S im p le /F u tu re P e rfe c t C o n tin u o u s /O th e r Ways to Express th e F u tu re
Q u e s tio n Tags
4
17
18
33
34
R ound U p G ra m m a r a n d V o ca b u la ry ( U n it 3 )
49
50
A rtic le s /C o u n ta b le an d U n c o u n ta b le N o un s
Q u a n tifie rs an d D e te rm in e rs
R o un d U p G ra m m a r a n d V o ca b u la ry ( U n it 4 )
M o d a ls /b e a b le fo /S e m i-M o d a ls
R o un d U p G ra m m a r a n d V o ca b u la ry (U n it 5)
T he Passive
O th e r P assive C o n s tru c tio n s
56
71
72
87
88
R o un d U p G ra m m a r a n d V o ca b u la ry ( U n it 6 )
103
104
M a k in g C o m pa rison s
R e la tive C lauses
R o un d U p G ra m m a r an d V o ca b u la ry (U n it 7 )
C o n d itio n a ls
O th e r C o n d itio n a l Form s
R o un d U p G ra m m a r a n d V o ca b u la ry ( U n it 8 )
W ishes an d R egrets
P re fe re n ce s
110
125
126
141
142
R o un d U p G ra m m a r a n d V o ca b u la ry (U n it 9 )
157
158
10
R e p o rte d S peech
R ound U p G ra m m a r a n d V o ca b u la ry (U n it 1 0 )
11
G e ru n d s an d In fin itiv e s
So, su ch , too, e n o u g h a n d very
D e m o n s tra tiv e s
R ound U p G ra m m a r an d V o ca b u la ry (U n it 1 1 )
12
164
179
180
195
196
R o un d U p G ra m m a r a n d V o ca b u la ry ( U n it 1 2 )
211
212
13
R o un d U p G ra m m a r a n d V o ca b u la ry (U n it 1 3 )
14
P a rtic ip le C lauses
Verbs + th a t cla u se
C le ft S e n te n ce s, A d ve rb s, n o m a tte r
R o un d U p G ra m m a r a n d V o ca b u la ry ( U n it 1 4 )
15
In ve rsio n 1 & 2
R o u n d U p G ra m m a r a n d V o ca b u la ry ( U n it 1 5 )
218
233
234
249
250
265
266
A p p e n d ic e s
272
Irre g u la r Verbs
276
S p e llin g R u les
278
280
Grammar Presentation 1
Present Simple
The Present Simple is formed as follows:
l/You/We/They watch television every day.
He/She/lt needs help.
He/She flies/goes to America at least twice a year.
It is also used in
narratives (spoken/reviews), commentaries and jokes.
So, I open the door and go into the living room.
He goes past the goalkeeper, but Johnson gets back and blocks the shot.
A horse walks into a cafe and the waiter asks: Why the long face?
newspaper headlines.
Farmers face climate change with confidence.
The following adverbs of frequency and time expressions are used with the
Present Simple to refer to repeated actions:
always, nearly always, normally, (very) often, usually, sometimes, occasionally,
rarely, scarcely, seldom, never, on Saturday(s), every morning etc
I always pay my bills on time.
She is rarely late for work.
M O B The adverb of frequency comes before all verbs except the verb to be.
The following time expressions are used in time clauses with the Present Simple to refer to future time:
after, as soon as, before, by the time, immediately, once, the moment, until, when, whenever
It is also used after no matter how/what/where/who.
I ll phone you when I get home.
M
B The future tense is not used after the time expressions above.
ns
1
111
Unit 1
Present Continuous
T^e Present Continuous is formed as follows:
am painting my front room at the moment.
He appears to be lost.
(seems)
(owns)
(enjoying)
changing situations.
' The ice in Greenland is melting at a remarkable speed.
personal arrangements for the future.
(have an opinion)
Were thinking of going abroad.
(considering)
The following time expressions are used with the Present Continuous of
non-stative verbs:
at present, at the/this moment, currently, now, still, this week, today, tomorrow etc
A Complete the sentences by using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Simple or Present
Continuous together with any adverbs of frequency given.
1
I ..............................
The match
to go for a coffee.
Our planet
Sound
I .............................
meet her?
6
You
Harry
the midday train.
10
I
He
(talk) about.
(contact) us.
11
A machine that
12
(take)
(play).
(cost) less to run.
(remember)
1
B
Com plete the te xt by using the correct form of the verbs in brackets and any other w ords given . Use the Present
S im p le or Present C ontinuous.
it is about.
(1 )
(2 )
number of male and female lawyers at the top of their profession, but the situation (3)
(slowly/change) for the better.
The company with the highest number of female partners is Sacker & Partners, which
(4 )
(5 )
(7)
(now/try) to increase that number. The chairman, who recently took on four more
female partners,
(8 )
(need) more
(9 )
(1 0 )
Vocabulary 1
U se th e w ord s above each set o f se n te n ce s to c o m p le te th e s e n te n ce s. U s e th e c o rre c t fo rm of e ach w o rd . Use
speak
te ll
Can you
You need to
Dont
He
lies: he only
the truth.
language.
Your
departm ent
ta lk
laboratory
surgery
theatre
ward
The X-ray
for analysis.
with seven other patients.
Unit 1
incom e
pay
pension
salary
wage
of about 7.
degree
diplom a
qu a lifica tio n
Daves teamwork
Your creative
ta lent
com p u lso ry
intensive
Large
Geography is a(n)
sk ill
optional
redundancy
resignation
retirem ent
sack
transfer
to sales manager.
Im applying for a ...........................to head office because my career prospects will improve there.
Pay........................... to what your teachers say and youll get high marks.
Harry's poor
The number of
n.
Phrasal Verbs 1
A Match the phrasal verbs with their meanings. The first one has been done for you.
M eaning
Phrasal Verb
break down
bring in
bring out
catch on
drop out
face up to
get across
get at
get on with
pick up
~
'
make clear
understand
fail
accept courageously
Introduce
leave (a course, organisation)
suggest
learn
communicate
have a good relationship with
Now com plete each of the fo llo w in g sentences w ith a phrasal verb in the correct form .
Universities seem to
What
10
your colleagues.
you
Lisa is highly intelligent. You only have to explain something once and she ...
..................................
Prepositions 1
Use the prepositions below to complete the sentences. The prepositions can be used more than once.
I was proud
Who is responsible
10
it.
Greek.
him or shouting
him will
the question.
safety equipment?
their patients without showing any emotion.
work.
duty in the building.
Unit 1
Use of English Practice 1
: =5d :ne text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
mm
to him or her. This situation often results in the student having a poor (6)
(5)
10)
or the student is at a foreign university where courses are not taught in his or her mother
Unless there is a really good reason, the decision to leave university without a qualification is a big one. Students who
cannot (1 1 )...................the difficulties they encounter and leave without (1 2 )....................a word about their problems to
anyone may regret their decision. A future employer might regard an applicant who has done this as a quitter and not a
suitable candidate for a job.
1
take off
B get off
is having
are having
highly
completely
certificate
diploma
suit
match
attention
absence
Besides
B As well
getting across
pronunciation
B voice
10
language
dialect
11
come up with
face up to
12
speaking
B telling
getting out
C
C
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
set out
D drop out
has
fully
D totally
degree
appeal
D fit
track
D attendance
Agreeing with
D According to
catching on
D sending out
accent
D tone
tongue
D speech
D take out
talking
D saying
have
licence
Grammar Presentation 2
Present Perfect Simple
The following time expressions are used with the Present Perfect Simple:
already ever, just, lately, never, recently so far, still, up to now, yet, since + a specific time, for + a period of time,
over the past few years
fflEEB It/This is the first/second/third etc. time is used with the Present Perfect Simple, but It/This is the last time is not.
It's the first time I Ve worked in a laboratory.
It s the last time I (will) help you!
The Present Perfect Simple can also be used to refer to future time with time expressions like after, as soon as ...,
when (see Grammar I on page 4) to emphasise that an action must be completed before another one can occur.
I ll tell you how much money there is when I ve counted it.
The following time expressions are used with the Present Perfect Continuous:
all day (long), for, How long..?, lately recently, since
10
1: - : ete the sentences by using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Perfect Simple or
: -isent Perfect Continuous together with any other words given.
Kevin
(go) to lunch.
Ve
9
10
Ve
11
12
(ask) him.
Dont worry. We
Complete the text by using the correct form of the verbs in brackets and any other words given. Use the Present
3)
(see)
: _e number of pupils taking A level geography drop over the past few years. Since the release of this years
stat sties, members of the
G iv e G e o g ra p h y its P la c e C a m p a ig n (5)
..orrying trend. So far, however, the only firm conclusion they (6)
gz.ernments 2 million
A c tio n P la n fo r G e o g ra p h y
ences are pleased with this years statistics and with good reason. The number of maths pupils alone, for
example, (8) ............................................ (rise) by over 7% since last year. One member of the
a n d C o lle g e L e a d e rs
A s s o c ia tio n o f S c h o o l
Decome) aware of the subjects they need to help them get a job after university, and clearly maths, biology,
chemistry and physics ( 10)
"A levels: final school exams which are used as qualifications for a place at university.
11
Vocabulary 2: Collocations
Make, Do and Take
The table below gives a list of common expressions with make, do and take. Make sure you know what each one means.
Do
Take
ones best
business
damage
ones duty
a favour
good
harm
homework
a job
research (into)
some shopping
some sightseeing
something right/wrong
a trick
work
advantage of
control (of)
a chance
a decision
(any/no) notice of
part in
place
a risk
somebody by surprise
somebodys place
a shower/bath
something for granted
something into account
something seriously
things easy
Make
an attempt
an arrangement
certaln/sure
a change
a choice
a claim
a complaint
a decision
a difference
an effort
an error
an escape
an excuse
friends (with)
fun of
an impression
a journey
a mistake
money
a noise
a profit
a promise
room (for)
sense
somebody feel better
somebodys day
something difficult (for)
something easy (for)
up ones mind
ones way to
a wish
Com plete the sentences by usin g the corre ct form s of make, do and take. Use the Present S im p le , Present
C ontin uo us, Present P erfect S im p le or Present P erfect C ontinuous.
12
Sonya.............................................a different excuse every time she arrives late for school.
We
How long
1
all the expenses Into account yet, but Im sure we
a large profit since the beginning of the year.
10
So far Janet
11
Everyone
12
She
Its so annoying!
part In the school play three times In the last four years.
much damage to the island since it hit.
things easy for the past few days.
you
this job?
I
you a favour?
a big difference since he arrived.
Phrasal
-
Verbs 2
Match the phrasal verbs with their meanings. The first one has been done for you.
Phrasal Verb
M eaning
get by .
go over
~
keep on
put in for
put through to
set up
take in
take on
take to
work out
retain in employment
apply for
connect by phone
survive
check
like
absorb (an idea)
establish, start (a company)
solve
give employment to
~~~
Now complete each of the following sentences with a phrasal verb in the correct form.
I always
Young children
Derek
He
a new experience for him.
Can you
I asked the operator.
10
............................... just
never
.................................
Daniel las promotion to senior manager took her by surprise, and she
yet.
Prepositions 2
Use the prepositions below to complete the sentences. The prepositions can be used more than once.
as
at
by
of
on
out of
to
w ith
Dave argues
every day.
I have no intention
10
him almost
bought items for their class. Although they realise they are not responsible (3)
things for their class, they believe they cannot (4)
own money. In many cases the school
(6)
(5 )
buying
all the Items they need, which has brought criticism from teachers associations. A
(7 )
every effort to
give interesting lessons whenever possible, but this shouldnt mean going into their own pockets. The danger is that
schools will (8) ............................................ teachers goodwill for granted and expect them to fork out for classroom
materials all the time.
In response to this statement, a government official replied: We are (9)
teachers are having to pay for supplies. This government has (10)
( 11 )
Forming Words
Verbs and Nouns
Verbs
(Present participle)
(Past)
(Past participle)
(Full infinitive)
(Bare infinitive)
(Perfect infinitive)
(Gerund)
(Gerund as a subject)
Nouns
Nouns are names given to objects, places, people, emotions etc. They usually have plural forms, but some do not.
I need some information about the countries I intend to visit.
14
Adjectives can also give information about verbs like feel, look, seem, smell,
sound and taste.
The flowers looked beautiful, but they didn't smell nice.
a n grily
unbelievably
a u to m a tica lly
w ell
Adverbs
Read the te xt below. In each gap 1 -10, w rite the type of w ord, verb, noun, adjective or adverb th at fits in the gap.
There is an exam ple at the b eg in n in g (0).
people have taken part in the festival. One such person was Luciano Pavarotti in
him
singing career.
Nowadays the competitors may not be so high profile but they find the festival (9 )
enjoyable. They
not only get the chance to show off their talent but they also have the opportunity to form strong ( 10 )
with like-minded people from completely different backgrounds.
Now com plete the text. Use each word below to form another word th at fits in the corresp ond ing gap in the text.
There is an exam ple at the b egin ning (0 ). You m ay refer to A p p e n d ix 2 on page 273 to rem ind yourself of the
prefixes and suffixes used to form verbs, nouns and adjectives.
0
Welsh
WALES
COMPETE
SING
POPULATE
COURAGE
WONDER
PROFESSION
KNOW
EQUAL
FAME
10
FRIEND
15
English in Use
Idiom s
Use the idiom s below to com plete the captions under the pictures.
a
p u ll yo u r socks up
in the bag
Oh! I .......
Theyre doing everything they can
to make you unhappy at work.
M atch the idiom s w ith the m eanings below. Th e first one has been done for you.
1
...a....
as good as certain
.........
.........
congratulations
W h ich m eaning?
Som e phrasal verbs have more than one m eaning, so it is necessary to use the context to decide w h ich m eaning i<
m ost likely. Look at the pictures and caption below and decide w h ich picture m ost lik e ly represents the m eaning
of the cap tion .
M atch the m eanings of the phrasal verb p ick u p below w ith the pictures 1-3.
a
16
learn
take by car
3 '2 -m a r
Vocabulary
in the advertising
C has been working
D has worked
What
of your new teacher?
A are you thinking
C do you think
B you think
D have you thought
a fellow student
10
Henrys
many favors for me and he never
asks for anything in return.
A taken
C done
B made
D given
the hour.
C catch on
D get at
10
, said the
17
Used to/Would
Grammar Presentation 1
Past Simple
The Past Simple is formed as follows for each person:
You/She watched television yesterday afternoon.
They flew to America last week.
Did you watch television yesterday afternoon?
Did they fly to America last week?
zam sBin the question and negative (-ve) forms with d id and d id n t, the verb
returns to the bare in fin itive form.
The Past Simple is used to refer to
actions or states which occurred or existed at a certain time in the past.
past habits.
I visited her every weekend during the school holidays.
Past Continuous
The Past Continuous is formed as follows:
l/He/She was watching television when Colin got back.
YouA/Ve/They were staying with friends at that time.
Unit 2
_ 'e *orms of used to are like other verbs in the Simple Past.
Used to is followed by the bare Infinitive.
used to eat a lot of omelettes, but I don't eat eggs at all now.
That large building would/used to belong to my family, but now its owned by a famous film star.
While Karen washed/was washing her hair, I was having/would have a shave.
The sun shone/was shining and a gentle breeze was blowing/blew through the trees.
Philip got up/was getting up, was walking/walked over to the window and decided/was deciding to go back to bed.
Nadia was writing/would write short stories in her free time when she was a teenager.
I didn't answer/wasnt answering your call because I was having/had a bath when you were phoning/phoned.
Dutch sailors were arrlving/arrived on this coast over 300 years ago.
10
Did you see/Were you seeing Andrew on your way over here?
11
The detective was picking up/picked up the ring and was putting/put it in an evidence bag.
12
Margaret and I would/used to be neighbours, but she moved/was moving away last year.
Com plete the text by using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Past S im p le or Past C ontinuous.
(3 )
nights sleep. This was a good idea because when the removal van (6)
(1 0 )
(go) over to my
(play) outside with some new friends they
(9 )
(not take) me long to get dressed and run out into the garden. Breakfast could
19
Vocabulary 1
Use the w ords above each set of sentences to com plete the sentences. Use the correct form of each w ord. Use each
bother
d istu rb
interfere
in terrup t
My concentration was
Dont
Marie was
Someone had
10
provoke
confide
depend
You can
Of course I .......................
Im not going to
my cousin to drive us to the airport early in the morning and she didnt disappoint me.
on her willingness to apologise.
him: hes my best friend.
only on what Jake said. I need to ask someone else.
rem em ber
Did you
Sheila
rem ind
I couldn't...........................meeting him because it had been over 30 years since wed seen each other.
20
offend
approval
attitud e
fe e lin g
mood
her address.
............her aunt immediately.
opin ion
sp irit
view
In my
As Ritas parents are not narrow-minded, all of her close friends meet with their
Hes in a bad
, someone who talks behind your back cannot be called a true friend.
as we were travelling to the beach.
to meet new people.
pass
'ach
spare
spend
waste
Dont ...........................your time asking for Ians help; he wont even consider it.
angry
anxious
nervous
w orried
Graham was
and then she'll be in a bad mood for the rest of the day.
reasonable
sensible
sensitive
I didnt think Gillian was being...........................when she said I should pay for all the damage done at
the party.
Barry used to be
hold
friends.
people.
................... to criticism.
keep
stand
support
m aintain
Cameron always........................... his wife in an argument, no matter whether he thinks she s right or wrong
Being both knowledgeable and sociable, Barry can .........................a conversation with almost anyone.
a relationship.
21
Phrasal Verbs 1
A
M atch the phrasal verbs w ith th eir m eanings. Th e first one has been done for you.
Meaning
Phrasal Verb
Now com plete each of the fo llo w in g sentences w ith a phrasal verb in the correct form .
You can
Tim
trust strangers.
at any time: you dont need to call before you come to see me.
after a terrible argument yesterday.
as being shy when I first met him, but it was only because he doesnt
you.
it
to me.
7
10
Of course we
Prepositions 1
Use the prepositions below to com plete the sentences. Th e prepositions can be used more than once.
at
by
for
in
of
on
_1
They share the same occupation and interests, so they have a lot
We had a discussion ...............our differences so that we could understand each other better.
himself.
10
22
about
love
common.
me
anything.
private, please?
Leon?
sight.
Unit 2
C or
for people from small families to believe that growing up with five brothers and
sters has more disadvantages than advantages. However, I wouldnt have It any other way. I admit that it is difficult
:o keep the house ( 2 ) ...................and tidy and that someone is bound to (3 ) ................... your concentration whenever
o u want (4 )
and quiet. I also realise that my parents don't have enough time to (5 )
for all of
i my ( 6 ) ..................., there are far more Important advantages. Firstly, I always have somebody to ( 7 ) ................... me in
: mes of trouble. This shows I have people around me who really (8)
g'eat to know that I have people to ( 9 ) ...................in whenever I dont want to keep something to myself. As you can tell,
my family Is very close and, like in all close families, we (1 0 )
never stay in a bad (11)
A in all, being (12 )
and my parents, brothers and sisters are the most Important people to me in the whole world.
reasonable
sensitive
neat
fresh
annoy
bother
calm
stillness
spend
pass
feeling
opinion
maintain
support
fall for
care about
confide
rely
10
divide
hold
11
feeling
attitude
12
grown
raised
C
C
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
apparent
knowledgeable
pure
stable
disturb
interfere
silence
peace
spare
take
mind
head
keep
stand
ask after
come across
confess
depend
share
cover
mood
spirit
taken
brought
hing.
23
Grammar Presentation 2
Past Perfect Simple
The Past Perfect Simple is formed as follows for each person:
/ ran to the shop, but somebody had bought the book I wanted.
They had barely finished washing the car when it started to rain.
Had you stolen the money the police found in your flat?
Had you ever worked in a factory before you started here?
When we got back home, we discovered that we hadnt shut all the windows.
/Is they hadnt reached a decision by midday, they decided to break for lunch.
actions which occurred or states which existed before a time in the past.
No human had set foot on the moon before 1969.
24
Unit 2
; :
ate the sentences by using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Past P erfect S im p le or Past
: r -feet Continuous together w ith any other words given.
As I
How long
(change) completely.
(forget) my keys, I had to wait for my parents to arrive.
(you collect) comics before you got this one?
There were no biscuits in the tin because my brother and his friends
It was the first time Marios ............................................ (speak) to her since they left university.
When Colin and Andrew came out of the room, it was obvious that neither of them .............................................
(apologise).
Liam .............................................(only clean) his room for ten minutes before he got bored.
10
The man she was talking about was the same one I ...........................
couple of days earlier.
Com plete the te xt by using the correct form of the verbs in brackets and any other w ords given. Use the Past
S im p le , Past C ontinuous, Past P erfect S im p le or Past P erfect C ontinuous.
(come out) last week. It found that the vast majority of us get the wrong impression
same time, so she asked for an explanation over coffee. As I (5 ).............................................(talk) to him about it,
'e (6)
Margaret was angry with Stuart, but even more disappointed that she (9)
(allow)
(find) that the disappointment of not knowing someone can occur after a fifty-year
relationship. One researcher involved in the study said: It is hard to get to know people, but it is even harder to
understand why you never get to know them.
25
Vocabulary 2
Use the words above each set of sentences to com plete the sentences. Use the correct form of each w ord. Use each
reply
report
respond
Can you
When he left the house, h e .......................... that your children were extremely polite.
assume
estim ate
guess
reckon
suppose
regard
I wouldnt like t o .......................... what Mikes going to come to the fancy dress party as.
Jeanette automatically
I dont
It was difficult to
period
tim e
stage
Jerry doesnt enjoy spending long......................... of time away from his family.
After going out for two years, Alan and Rita felt they were ready to take their relationship to the next
I was......................... impressed by the way the villagers cooperated with each other.
It is ........................ young children who play in this park, but teenagers hang around here in the evening.
besides
26
rem ark
of trouble.
by surprise.
despite
un like
whereas
Sam, Chris thinks that you can tell whether someone will make a good friend or not the
moment you meet them.
.......................... being suspicious of strangers, Sam is careful with people he has known for years.
grea tly
Jessica is not
Theyll
h ig h ly
lik e ly
probably
surely
Its .....................
alike
equal
identical
same
like
sim ila r
Having the
Edward is
When
Im sorry I took your jacket, but apart from this small stain it is
twins do not dress differently, it can be very difficult to tell them apart.
deal
sort
su ffer
tolerate
Ill
As Stan
How she
William
with bringing up three young children and doing a part-time job is beyond me.
everything out.
great embarrassment when his girlfriend broke up with him in front of his friends.
d.
27
Phrasal Verbs 2
A
M atch the phrasal verbs w ith th e ir m eanings. Th e first one has been done for you.
M eaning
Phrasal Verb
respect, admire
meet
disappoint
criticise (to humiliate)
meet by chance
discourage
display to impress
resemble
tolerate
compensate for
B Now complete each of the following sentences with a phrasal verb in the
correct form .
She definitely
We used to
Why does he ...........................................his expensive possessions when we all know hes wealthy?
Parents often
they do not approve of.
10
Youre always saying how disappointing he is. Give him a chance and don't
him
Prepositions 2
Use the prepositions below to com plete the sentences. The prepositions can be used more than once.
about
at
in
of
under
on
w ith
Christine
Shes fond
9
10
28
as
I got in contact
secret.
their younger brothers and sisters.
home.
Unit 2
Jse
of English Practice 2
VaK ng judgements
1'
.........youngsters aged between eight and twelve, who are now described
tweens, knew very little about scandal. They (3 )
not use to
access to information about the unacceptable behaviour of the famous and they were rarely asked to say whether
r e . approved (4 )
an adult's behaviour.
: wadays tweens not only have access to news Items about a stars bad behaviour but they also have the ability to
. :ge behaviour on their (5 )
"ether, (6 )
done
:: nettling wrong and give reasons for their judgement. Of course (8)
- ter the influence of their parents and tend to fall In (9 )
becomes less
them takes over from parental values.
up to people based on who they are and not on what they do. Teenage
g ' s. for example, said that being pretty, famous and popular was more important than behaving badly.
Forming Words
:h kids
-
him
Com plete the table below. Put in a prefix where possible. You m ay refer to A p p e n d ix 3 on page 2 74 to rem ind
yourself of the prefixes used to change m eanings.
Verb
Noun
Adjective
accept
acceptance
(un)acceptable
attend
(1 )
.................................
attendance
(in)attentive
annoy
(2)
annoyed/annoying
confide
confidence
(3 )
decide
(in)decision
describe
(5)
descriptive
(in)describable
disturb
(6)
d isturbed/d isturbi ng
offend
offence
(7)
(4 )
was 21.
rely
sr again.
tolerate
(un)decided
deciding
(8)
(un)reliable
(self-)rel iance
(9)
(in)tolerance
(10 )
(in)tolerable
29
30
Use the word in cap itals at the end of each sentence to form a word th a t com pletes the sentence.
that he wont be
Shes unusually
CONFIDE
RELY
to be a babysitter.
DECIDE
TOLERATE
of events
DESCRIBE
OFFEND
ANNOY
ATTEND
for a five-year-old.
Com plete the table below. You should put in a prefix for every word you w rite dow n.
A d je ctive
Verb
Noun
care
care
carefulness
carelessness
depend
(1 )
(in)dependent
(un)dependable
legalise
(il)legality
(2 )
mature
(3 )
(im)mature
perfect
(4 )
(5 )
(6 )
(dis)pleasure
resist
resistance
resistant
(ir)resistible
(8 )
(9 )
(dis)satisfied
(un)satisfactory
(un)satisfying
socialise
(in/un)sociabi 1ity
(mis)use
use
usefulness
uselessness
(un)caring
careful
___careless
_
(7 )
(dis)pleased
(1 0 )
(anti)social
(dis/un)used
useful
useless
Unit 2
Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line.
3 S W hen you have decided what kind of word is missing, make sure that the form of the word (positive or negative)
- ees sense in context.
"rying to escape
Before becoming adults, there are two periods when we try to escape from (1)
rcrtrol. The first of these occurs in early (2)
PARENT
CHILD
cer-ble twos, as they are sometimes known, exhibit the type of (3)
that
BEHAVE
iccears to show they find being under total control completely (4)
Walking has
ACCEPT
ABLE
At first, there are a few minor signs that they are moving
(8 )
PLEASE
TEEN
MATURE
....................................with their parents being in control. The difference is that 18-year-olds are
SATISFY
DEPEND
English in Use
jtoms
-
Use the idioms below to complete the captions under the pictures.
a
^ g iv ^ ie ^ ^ ie c^ n T T ^ n in ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ w e a ^ o u ^ ie a ^ o r^ o u ^ le e v ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ le ^ o u rh a i^ o w r^ ^
. J
* <
You might be older, sis, but just
remember that I .. .
in this family.
M atch the idiom s w ith the m eanings below. Th e first one has been done for you.
control things
W h ich m eaning?
A change of preposition can change the m eaning of a sentence. M atch the beginnings of each pair of sentences
on the left w ith the pair of endings on the righ t so th at th ey make sense.
1
We arrived on tim e
We arrived in tim e
1shouted at Jerry
1shouted to Jerry
punctually
causing an obstruction
..................................
..................................
Grammar
Vocabulary
Yolanda
her elder sister and says she
wants to be just like her one day.
A looks up to
C puts up with
B takes over
D makes up for
Don't
that Caroline will help you without
asking for something in return.
A regard
C guess
B estimate
D assume
It's
natural for teenagers to want
independence.
A perfectly
C mainly
B strongly
D finely
Walter?
A
4
10
stages
D terms
Scott
A
8
of time painting in
Please dont
bother
B interfere
10
in our business.
C disturb
D provoke
33
Grammar Presentation 1
Future Simple
The Future Simple is formed as follows for each person:
1 think she/they will make the right decision.
Youll be old enough to vote next year.
be certain/sure, believe,
definitely, guess, know,
cr~aps. probably, reckon,
suppose, think
make promises.
1 will give you the money tomorrow.
make requests.
Will you get some apples on the way back from work?
make predictions.
It will take at least six months to get into shape.
make offers.
1 will help you clean up after the party.
make threats.
I'll tell your mother.
Future Continuous
The Future Continuous is formed as follows for each person:
l/He/We will be driving to Paris this time tomorrow.
Will you be working in the office next Friday morning?
They wont be staying the night.
34
Unit 3
be going to
Be go in g to is formed in the same way as the Present Continuous.
/ am going to buy a new microwave oven next week.
Be go in g to is used with
future time expressions.
REMEMBER![The Present
Simple and Present
Continuous are also used
to refer to the future.
Com plete the sentences by using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Future S im p le , Future
Continuous or be go in g to togeth er w ith any other words given . Use be go in g to wherever possible.
I ..................
We
Its midday, so he
............................................ (you/get) one of those fridges which uses much less electricity than normal ones?
I think
We
10
11
Robots
12
They
Com plete the em ail by using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Future S im p le or Future
C ontinuous, be going to and in one case the Present S im p le . Use any other w ords given.
Hi,
Its great to hear that you (1)
(2 ).................................
(definitely/take) you to some of the best traditional restaurants in the city so that you can get a better idea of how
to cook Greek food.
Unfortunately, I (6)
I (7)
(8)
(not be able to join) you on Poros. During the first week of August,
(stay) with my cousin George at his family's summer house. He
(be) eighteen on 6th August and we (9)
(have) a big
(arrange) everything in secret for
35
going to
Vocabulary 1
Use the words above each set of sentences to complete the sentences. Use the correct form of each word. Use each
word at least once.
cure
heal
m end
restore
treat
Doctors had to
Medical staff
An ear
Erics
You'll do yourself
exam ination
w ound
in fection
fracture
operation
prescription
test
vaccine
After a thorough medical .........................., Veronica was told there was nothing wrong with her.
In order to make an accurate diagnosis, the doctor had to wait for the results of a blood
As they are most at risk from disease, medical staff are among the first people to receive
th ro b b in g
com m on
Theres no cure for th e ...........................cold, but there are remedies you can take to make it bearable.
As I had a
Having a
bruised
36
recipe
sprained
torn
tw isted
H er............................ hip was black and blue, but she hadnt suffered any fractures.
muscle
in her leftleg.
Unit 3
blow
sigh
sneeze
yawn
Make sure you put your hand over your nose if you feel you are going to
Barry
Its not a good idea t o .......................... your nose as hard as you can.
group
with relief when his doctor gave him the good news.
regim e
routine
session
state
You can imagine h is.......................... of mind when he had to give up weight training.
A tough training
There are now face...........................available that remove wrinkles and make people look younger.
A good suntan
Some vitamin
A combination of eye
brought me relief.
37
Phrasal Verbs 1
A
M atch the phrasal verbs w ith th e ir m eanings. Th e first one has been done for you.
Phrasal Verb
Meaning
recover from
become ill with
help back to consciousness
stop doing
look after
disappear slowly
lose consciousness, faint
do exercise
not eat or drink
endure
------- --------------
B Now complete each of the following sentences with a phrasal verb in the correct form.
1
My doctor advised me to
Im going to
Who Is going to
There were hardly any clerks in the office because most of them
Panos
10
a great deal of pain after suffering burns while fighting the fire.
The dietician said it would be best t o .............................................dairy products with a high fat content.
Prepositions 1
Use the prepositions below to com plete the sentences. Th e prepositions can be used more than once.
of
on
out of
Now that hes ................. danger, he wont have to stay...................hospital for much longer.
After suffering
going
____
a diet.
10
38
in
bed for
going to the gym, but now you cant keep her away
how quickly she got over her illness.
it.
Unit 3
Use of English Practice 1
Read the te xt below and decide w h ich answ er (A, B,
Doctors
E_. the time medical students complete their studies and training, they should be able to (1)
e~ectlvely. Primarily, a doctor must be able to make a diagnosis on most occasions based on a brief
:ne symptoms described by a patient. When a doctor is sure the diagnosis is correct a
(3)
and
can be written,
'ecommendations made, or both. When, for example, a patient comes into the surgery with a (4)
doctor might decide that a course of antibiotics, (5)
(2)
their patients
throat, a
very cold drinks
.'/hen a patients problem is outside the doctors field of practice, the patient is referred to another doctor. For instance,
a general practitioner will refer a patient with an eye (9)
or a (10)
of mind will help recovery. Moreover, a doctor has to recognise that the patient
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
A treat
B restore
A vaccine
B injection
prescription
B note
harmed
B sprained
A flu
B cold
A stay out
B keep off
B give up
pass out
A check
B test
B harm
infection
A tough
B hard
A condition
B situation
A sneeze
B yawn
C
C
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
mend
D fix
examination
D operation
recipe
D paper
runny
D sore
cough
D throat
wear off
D leave out
go through
D get over
observation
D data
fracture
D ache
sharp
D cutting
type
D state
sigh
D blow
39
Grammar Presentation 2
Future Perfect Simple
The Future Perfect Simple is formed as follows for each person:
l/He/She/We/They will have finished by tomorrow evening.
of speaking.
It's four o clock, so Jim will have had his operation by now.
40
Com plete the sentences by using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Future Perfect S im p le or
Future P erfect C ontinuous.
How lo n g ................................................ (you work) in this hospital by the end of this month?
They hope that th e y ............................................ (receive) enough vaccine by the time school starts.
Com plete the text by using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Future S im p le , Future C ontinuous,
be going to , Future P erfect S im p le , Future P erfect Continuous and the Present S im p le .
My plans
In two years time I (1)
(take) a postgraduate
Another reason why I expect to get a good job is that I know someone in the food industry. By the end of this year,
a friend of mine (5)
(work) for a major company in the industry for five years. He has
already made some good contacts and has promised that he (6)
realise that having a summer job means missing out on a lot of fun, I am sure that the sacrifice
(10)
be due to
be on the point of
be on the verge of
Question Tags
A question tag is formed by adding an auxiliary verb or a modal verb and a
subject pronoun to a statement. When the statement is positive, the question
tag is negative and when the statement is negative, the question tag is
positive. Question tags are used to ask for confirmation of the statement.
You prefer this one, dont you?
She doesnt work out regularly, does she?
He is going on a diet, isnt he?
They bought the equipment, didnt they?
She had fish for lunch, didn't she?
I wasnt being unreasonable, was I?
We have made a mistake, havent we?
He had won the trophy before, hadnt he?
You will tell me, wont you?
She can stay, cant she?
Com plete each of the fo llo w in g sentences by adding a corresponding question tag.
..............
?
?
?
41