Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CURSO 4G LTE
Ing. Miguel ngel Snchez Herrera
miguel.sanchezh@telefonica.com
Ing. Gonzalo Daz Huaco
CDMA
850
3G
TDD
LTE
3.75G
3.5G
1XRTT
CDMA
TDMA
1XEV-DO
ITU
(World)
1XEV-DV
LTE-FDD
ITU
VOLTE
TACS
GSM
GPRS
EDGE
UMTS
WBCDMA
HSPA
HSPA+
iDEM
Motorola
(Nextel)
LTE-TDD
WIMAX
WIMAX-M
LTE-A
Espectro Electromagntico
3Hz-3KHz
3KHz-300GHz
1012 HZ1013HZ
1014 HZ1015HZ
1016 HZ1017HZ
1018 HZ1025HZ
Radio tower
Radio tower
Cada vez se mejoran las interfaces de usuario y la tecnologa permite que toda la
inteligencia este en la nube
El trfico crece da a da
El trfico mvil se multiplicar por 26 en los prximos 4 aos, motivado por los
servicios de video y web.
1G
2G
Eficiencia espectral
3G
3.5G
3.75G
4G
Estaciones base
Primero de voz
Ahora de datos
Eficiencia Espectral
Latencia
1XRTT
CDMA
2G
1XEV-DO
3G
TDMA
1XEV-DV
3.5G
2G
4G
4.5G/5G?
LTE-FDD
VOLTE
TACS
GSM
1G
2G
GPRS
EDGE
2.5G
2.75G
UMTS
WBCDMA
3G
HSPA
HSPA+
3.5G
3.75G
4G
iDEM
2G
LTE-TDD
3.5G/3.75G?
WIMAX
WIMAX-M
LTE-A
Qu ocurri en realidad?
AMPS
1XRTT
CDMA
TDMA
1XEV-DO
1XEV-DV
LTE-FDD
VOLTE
TACS
GSM
GPRS
EDGE
UMTS
WBCDMA
HSPA
HSPA+
iDEM
LTE-TDD
WIMAX
WIMAX-M
LTE-A
Qu ocurri en el Per?
AMPS
Telemovil
Entel
CPT
1XRTT
CDMA
BellSouth
1XEV-DO
BellSouth
Telefonica
TDMA
1XEV-DV
Telefnica
Nextel
Telefnica
LTE-FDD
LTE-A
VOLTE
TACS
GSM
TIM
Telefnica
iDEM
Nextel
GPRS
EDGE
Claro
Telefnica
UMTS
WBCDMA
Claro
Nextel
Telefnica
HSPA
HSPA+
Claro
Nextel
Telefnica
LTE-TDD
WIMAX
WIMAX-M
OLO
1XRTT
CDMA
2G
FDD
1XEV-DO
3G
TDMA
1XEV-DV
3.5G
2G
4G
4.5G/5G?
LTE-FDD
LTE-A
VOLTE
TACS
GSM
1G
2G
GPRS
EDGE
2.5G
2.75G
3G
UMTS
WBCDMA
HSPA
HSPA+
3.5G
3.75G
4G
iDEM
2G
LTE-TDD
3.5G/3.75G?
WIMAX
WIMAX-M
TDD
Canalizacin Original
Canalizacin Clearwire
Nueva canalizacin
FDD
Banda 7
Up Link
TDD
Banda 41 (Clearwire)
TDD
Banda 38
FDD
Banda 7
Up Link
Lima y Callao
TC
Trujillo y Chiclayo
TC
TC
NX
CV
TVS
OLO
PER
OP
COTEL
NX
NX
Telecable Siglo 21
Nextel del Per SA
Cable Visin SAC
TVS Wireless SAC
Yota del Peru SAC
Velatel SA (Per Sat)
Optical Network SA
Corporacin de Telecomunicaciones SAC
PER
TC
OP
2686
2680
2674
2668
2662
2656
2650
2644
2638
2632
2626
2620
2614
2608
2602
2596
2590
2584
2578
2572
2566
2560
2554
2548
2542
2536
2530
2524
2518
2512
2506
2500
2494
Banda 2.6Mhz
CV
Restringido
Pedro Mujica
Eduardo Rivera Aguirre
Jess Angulo
Eduardo Bruce Montes de Oca / Veronica Hermoza
Pavel Popop / Alexander Vasilyev
Rafael Samanez
Ivan Chumo
Jos Lengua
TVS
COTEL
OLO
OLO
1XRTT
CDMA
TDMA
450
850
1900
1XEV-DO
1XEV-DV
LTE-FDD
VOLTE
TACS
GSM
900
1800
2100
GPRS
EDGE
UMTS
WBCDMA
HSPA
HSPA+
LTE-TDD
iDEM
850*
450 ?
700
850
LTE-A
1800
1900
1.7/2.1(AWS)
2.6
WIMAX
WIMAX-M
2.3
2.6
3.5
otras
2.6GHz Sweden
2.6GHz Norway
700/850/1900/2100
1.8GHz/2.6GHz Finland
700/AWS USA
2600/DD800/900/
1800
EU 2.6GHz to be auctioned
2100/DD800/900/1800
ME 1.8GHz/2.5GHz
850/1900/1800
2600(HK)
900/1800/2100
2.6G/ APT 700M
Spectrum
Available
Future refarming
850/900/1800/2100
AWS (1.7/2.1)
A
B
A
B
AWS Ext.
C
AWS (1.7/2.1)
A
B
A
B
2165
2160
2155
2150
2145
2140
2135
2125
2120
2115
2110
1765
1760
1755
1750
1745
1740
1735
1730
1725
1720
1715
1710
Banda AWS
Propuesta 1
Propuesta 2
2130
Bajada
Subida
AWS Ext.
C
OPCIN 1
15
15
15
703
10
748
15
15
15
758
803
OPCIN 2
18
12
18
17
13
17
15
698
Public Safety
CANALIZACIN APAC
No se tiene disponibilidad de
equipamiento a corto plazo lo
cual incidira en la valorizacin
de la banda.
CANALIZACIN USA
Disponibilidad
de
equipamiento a corto plazo
Slo permite la asignacin
para dos operadores,
Distribucin no equitativa
del espectro.
Dividendo digital
Pas
Ao
Pas
Ao
Pases Bajos
2006
2012
Andorra
2007
Eslovaquia
2012
Finlandia
2007
Irlandia
2012
Suecia
2007
Italia
2012
Alemania
2008
Japon
2012
Suiza
2008
Lituania
2012
Dinamarca
2009
Oriente Medio
2012
Isla de Man
2009
Portugal
2012
Noruega
2009
Reino Unido
2012
Blgica
2010
Republica Checa
2012
Croacia
2010
Australia
2013
Espaa
2010
Hungra
2013
Estonia
2010
Nueva Zelanda
2013
Guernesey
2010
Sudfrica
2013
Jersey
2010
Arab Magreb
2015
Letonia
2010
Estados Unidos
2015
Austria
2011
India
2015
Eslovenia
2011
Mxico
2015
Francia
2011
Uruguay
2015
Canad
2012
Chile
2018
Per
2020
Velocidades LTE
Diferentes anchos de espectro
determinan diferentes velocidades
CDMA
AMPS
1XRTT
CDMA
TDMA
TDMA
1XEV-DO
OFDMA
1XEV-DV
LTE-FDD
VOLTE
TACS
GSM
GPRS
EDGE
UMTS
WBCDMA
HSPA
HSPA+
LTE-TDD
iDEM
WIMAX
WIMAX-M
LTE-A
FDMA
TDMA
CDMA
A
Cdigos
OFDMA
Ejemplo de OFDMA
Por ejemplo la siguiente informacin
1, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 1, -1, -1,
C2
C3
C4
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
V (t ) I (t ) sin( 2nt )
N 1
n 0
3GPP Releases
GPRS
171.2Kbit/s
Phase 2 Release 97
UMTS
2 Mbit/s
HSUPA
5.76 Mbit/s
Release 6
Release 8
Release 99
Release 99
Phase 1
GSM
9.6Kbit/s
EDGE
473.6 Kbit/s
LTE
100 Mbit/s
Release 7/8
Release 5
HSDPA
14.4 Mbit/s
HSDPA+
28.8 Mbit/s
42Mbit/s
LTE
Advanced
1Gbit/s
Release 9/10
10Q1, Rel. 9
specification frozen
05Q1, LTE project
(Rel. 8) started
R99 R4
1999
R5
R6
Vendor
Version
3GPP
Release
Q2, 2009
eRAN 1.0
Q2, 2010
eRAN 2.0
Q4, 2010
eRAN 2.1
Q3, 2011
eRAN 2.2
Q1, 2012
eRAN 3.0
10
Q1, 2013
eRAN 6.0
10
09Q1, Rel. 8
specification frozen
R7
R8 (LTE/SAE)
2005
2006
2007
R10
LTE-A
R9
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
FrequencyFromBand
LTE
LTE Protocol:
Duplex mode FDD and TDD
Support frequency band from 700MHz to 3.6GHz
Support various bandwidth: 1.4MHZ , 3MHZ , 5MHZ ,
10MHZ , 15MHZ , 20MHZ
450M was included july 2013
Protocol is being
updated, frequency
information can be
changed
LTE
Band
Number
33
34
35
36
37
38
1900 - 1920
2010 - 2025
1850 - 1910
1930 - 1990
1910 - 1930
2570 - 2620
39
40
41
42
43
1880 - 1920
2300 - 2400
2496 - 2690
3400 - 3600
3600 - 3800
Allocation
(MHz)
Width
Duplex
of Band
Mode
(MHz)
20
TDD
15
TDD
60
TDD
60
TDD
20
TDD
50
TDD
40
100
194
200
200
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
TDD
LTE Band
Uplink
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
(MHz)
1920 - 1980
1850 - 1910
1710 - 1785
1710 - 1755
824 - 849
830 - 840
2500 - 2570
880 - 915
1749.9 - 1784.9
1710 - 1770
1427.9 - 1452.9
698 - 716
777 - 787
788 - 798
1900 - 1920
2010 - 2025
704 - 716
815 - 830
830 - 845
832 - 862
1447.9 - 1462.9
3410 - 3500
2000 - 2020
1625.5 - 1660.5
1850 - 1915
Width of
Duplex
Band
Mode
(MHz)
(MHz)
2110 - 2170
60
FDD
1930 - 1990
60
FDD
1805 -1880
75
FDD
2110 - 2155
45
FDD
869 - 894
25
FDD
875 - 885
10
FDD
2620 - 2690
70
FDD
925 - 960
35
FDD
1844.9 - 1879.9
35
FDD
2110 - 2170
60
FDD
1475.9 - 1500.9
20
FDD
728 - 746
18
FDD
746 - 756
10
FDD
758 - 768
10
FDD
2600 - 2620
20
FDD
2585 - 2600
15
FDD
734 - 746
12
FDD
860 - 875
15
FDD
875 - 890
15
FDD
791 - 821
30
FDD
1495.5 - 1510.9
15
FDD
3510 - 3600
90
FDD
2180 - 2200
20
FDD
1525 - 1559
34
FDD
1930 - 1995
65
FDD
Downlink
Number of devices
448
412
134
Frecuency Band
Number of devices
197
184
150
100
50
71
63
15
0
2600 MHz 2300 MHz 1900 MHz 2600 MHz 3500 MHz
band 38 Band 40 band 39 band 41 band 42,43
Frecuency Band
1710MHZ
2110MHZ
1910MHZ 1930MHZ
2200MHZ
1990MHZ 2025MHZ
1880
1805
1785
1755
1710
FDD Band 3
DL
Available Spectrum
Occupied Spectrum
TDD
Band
34
2025
TDD
Band
37
2010
1930
1910
FDD Band 4
UL
2155
2110
FDD Band 3
UL
1850MHZ
Peru
FDD
FDD Band 4
DL
TDD
Peru
2300
TDD Band 40
2390
2360
2330
2300
Occupied Spectrum
Peru
FDD-LTE channel
TDD-LTE channel
Ch 7/ DL
2690
Ch 38
2620
2570
2500
Ch 7/ UL
TDD LTE
CV Cable vision has 6MHz
TC has 24 MHz
NdP has 20MHz
TC
NdP
Cv cable vision
TC
MULTINET
(YOTA)
2692
2650
2590
2536
2500
2614
Peru
Analog TV Broadcast
Available Spectrum
746MHZ
APT
UL
APT
DL
Band 13
UL
746
734
716
704
798
788
787
Band 17
DL
Band 14
DL
777
Band 17
UL
Band 13
DL
768
Band 12
DL
758
756
746
729
716
706
699
Band 12
UL
806MHZ
Band 14
UL
Available Spectrum
Occupied Spectrum
MME / S-GW
MME / S-GW
S1
S1
S1
S1
X2
System Bandwidth
E-UTRAN
eNB
eNB
Sub-frame
X2
X2
Sub-carriers
eNB
Frequency
Scalable BW
Flat
Architecture
Time frequency
resource for User 1
Time frequency
resource for User 2
Time
DL OFDMA
Time frequency
resource for User 3
Supporting
High Performance
System Bandwidth
MIMO
Single Carrier
Sub-frame
Frequency
Time frequency
resource for User 1
H.O.M
Time frequency
resource for User 2
Time
Time frequency
resource for User 3
UL SC-FDMA
Data
MIMO
Streaming
Channel
LTE uses:
DL: OFDMA
UL: SC-FDMA
OFDMA
Each user allocated a
different resource
which can vary in time
and frequency.
Parameters
Bandwidth (MHz)
1.4
Subcarrier
10
15
20
15 KHz
FFT Size
128
256
512
1024
1536
2048
Usable Sub-Carriers
72
180
300
600
900
1200
Resource Blocks
15
25
50
75
100
7,6&3
5.21 us with short CP & 16.67 us with extended CP
BPSK, QPSK (Signaling)
QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM (Data)
#0
#1
One subframe
#2
#3
#18
#19
Cyclic Prefix
CP Configuration
Configuration
Normal CP
Extended
CP
DL OFDM CP Length
UL SC-FDMA CP
Length
f=15kHz
f=7.5kHz
NULL
f=15kHz
Sub-carrier
of each RB
Symbol of
each slot
7
12
6
24 (DL only)
3 (DL only)
2 bit per
symbol
64 QAM
SAE
EUTRAN
LTE architecture becomes much more simple and flat, and lead to:
MME / S-GW
MME / S-GW
MSC/SGSN/GGSN
Iub
S1
S1
RNC
S1
S1
RNC
X2
Iub
X2
X2
eNB
NodeB
NodeB
NodeB
E-UTRAN
eNB
eNB
NodeB
eNB
Inter Cell RRM
RB Control
Connection Mobility Cont.
MME
Radio Admission Control
NAS Security
eNB Measurement
Configuration & Provision
Idle State Mobility
Handling
Dynamic Resource
Allocation (Scheduler)
P-GW
RLC
Mobility
Anchoring
MAC
UE IP address
allocation
S1
PHY
Packet Filtering
internet
E-UTRAN
EPC
USER PLANE
CONTROL PLANE
LLL
TTT
EEE
Physical Channels
Downlink Channels
MCH
BCH
PCH
DL-SCH
MAC Layer
Physical Layer
PBCH
PMCH
PDSCH
PDCCH
Downlink
Physical channels
UL-SCH
RACH
Uplink
Transport channels
Uplink Channels
MAC Layer
Physical Layer
Downlink
Transport channels
PUSCH
PRACH
PUCCH
Uplink
Physical channels
R0
One Antenna
Port
R0
R0
Cell-Specific RS
Mapping in TimeFrequency Domain
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
l0
l6 l0
l6
RE
Two Antenna
Ports
R0
R0
R0
R0
R1
R0
R0
R0
Four Antenna
Ports
R0
R0
R0
l0
R0
odd-numbered slots
l0
R2
R1
even-numbered slots
odd-numbered slots
Antenna port 0
Antenna port 1
Antenna Port 0
Antenna Port 1
R3
R2
l6
l0
R3
R2
R1
l6 l0
R3
R2
R1
R1
l6
l6
R1
R1
R0
l6 l0
even-numbered slots
R1
R1
R0
RS symbols on this
antenna port
l6 l0
R1
R0
R0
l0
l6
R1
R1
l6 l0
R1
R1
R0
l0
R1
R1
R3
l6 l0
even-numbered slots
l6
odd-numbered slots
Antenna port 2
Antenna Port 2
l0
l6 l0
even-numbered slots
l6
odd-numbered slots
Antenna port 3
Antenna Port 3
Transmit diversity:
MISO
MIMO tend to resolve few fundamental principles which aim to leveraging some
key properties of Multi-antenna radio propagation channels, basically 3
advantages associated with such channels are:
Diversity Gain
Array Gain
Spatial Multiplexing gain
2T4R 2*40W
UL
QPSK 0.25
DL
QPSK 0.12
UL
DL
QPSK 0.25 QPSK 0.12
23.00
5
5
60
5.22
5.22
49.00
26
100
1200
18.21
35.71
23.00
5
5
60
5.22
5.22
49.00
26
100
1200
18.21
35.71
-3.06
2.3
-132.80
-5.18
7.00
-130.42
-5.99
2.3
-135.73
-5.18
7.00
-130.42
50.00%
0.76
100.00%
3.37
50.00%
0.37
100.00%
3.37
-149.74
-127.05
-153.06
-127.05
Tx
Max Total Tx Power (dBm)
Allocated RB
RB to Distribute Power
Subcarriers to Distribute Power
Subcarrier Power (dBm)
EIRP per Subcarrier (dBm)
Rx
SINR (dB)
Rx Noise Figure (dB)
Receiver Sensitivity (dBm)
Target Load
Interference Margin (dB)
Min Signal Reception Strength
(dBm)
Path Loss & Cell Radius
Penetration Loss (dB)
Std.of Shadow Fading (dB)
Area Coverage Probability
Shadow Fading Margin (dB)
Path Loss (dB)
Propagation Model
Cell Radius (km)
15
16
9.40
9.40
95.00%
95.00%
8.04
8.04
131.92
138.72
Cost231-Hata(Huawei)
0.78
1.00
15
16
9.40
9.40
95.00%
95.00%
8.04
8.04
135.23
138.72
Cost231-Hata(Huawei)
0.97
1.00
2T2R 2*40W
2T4R 2*40W
Morphology
User Environment
System Bandwidth (MHz)
Channel Model
Cell Edge Rate (kbps)
Urban
Indoor
20.0
ETU 3
256.00
1024.00
30.00
1.50
1735MHz/2135MHz
18 dBi
0.5dB
LTE
E_UTRA
RRC Connected
CELL_FACH
LTE connected
users
CELL_PCH
URA_PCH
connection establishment/release
connection establishment/release
IDLE
IDLE
3GPP TS36.331 specifies two RRC state for LTE: RRC-connected and RRC idle and
users in RRC-connected state is active user
-3GPP TS 36.306
HSPA
Features Supported
UE Category
Downlink
HSDPA
64QAM
MIMO
MIMO+64QAM
Downlink DC
DC+MIMO
HSUPA
Uplink 16QAM
Uplink DC
Category 1~12
Category 13~14
Category 15~16
Category 17~20
Category 21~24
Category 25~28
Category 1~6
Category 7
Category 8~9
13.976
21
28
42
42
84
5.7
11.5
23
Uplink
Rs Power Allocation
(1710-2690)
(1710-2690) (1710-2690)
LTE RRU
LTE BBU
For UMTS850
LTE RRU
LTE BBU
ADU451816v01
1710-2690/1710-2690 65/65-18i/18i-M/M
LTE RRU
LTE BBU
A26451800v01
1710-2690 65-18i-M
LTE RRU
LTE BBU
Mdulo RF
Step 2
GU Swap
Mdulo RF
Interface engaged
Interface free
1900M
G850 G1900
U850
LTEAWS
U1900
Step 2
GU Swap
Interface engaged
Interface free
LTE AWSU850
G850 G1900
G1900
U850
Modulo RF
G850 G1900
G1900
U850
LTEAWS
Modulo RF
Step 2
GU Swap
Interface engaged
Interface free
G850 G1900
1900M
U850
LTEAWS U1900
G850 G1900
G1900
U850
AAU3910
G850 G1900
U850
LTEAWS
G1900
AAU3910
Step 2
GU Swap
Interface engaged
Interface free
G850 G1900
U850
LTEAWS U1900
G850 G1900
U850
Modulo RF
G850 G1900
U850
LTEAWS
1900M
Modulo RF
Step 2
GU Swap
Interface engaged
Interface free
G850 G1900
U850
LTEAWS U1900
G850 G1900
U850
G850 G1900
LTE AWSU850
Step 2
GU Swap
Interface engaged
Interface free
G1900
U850
G1900
U850
G1900
U850
LTE AWS1900
Step 2
GU Swap
Interface engaged
Interface free
LTE AWSU1900
G1900
U850
U850
LTE AWSG1900
Step 2
GU Swap
Interface engaged
Interface free
U850
LTE AWSGU1900
850MHz
G850 G1900
Step 1
LTE
Overlay
G900
U850
AAU3910
G850 G1900
U850
LTEAWS
1900M
AAU3910
Step 2
GU Swap
Interface engaged
Interface free
G850 G1900
U850
LTEAWS U1900
G850 G1900
450M
U850
AAU3910
G850 G1900
U850
LTEAWS
1900M
AAU3910
Step 2
GU Swap
Interface engaged
Interface free
G850 G1900
U850
LTEAWS U1900
RRU3942
RRU3832
RRU3936
RRU3942
RRU3942
RRU3942
2T4R per RRU
RRU3832
RRU3936
RRU3832
RRU3936
RRU3832
APM30H
RRU3936
S1&X2 Dimensioning
100
90
80
70
60
50
Optimization after
commercial launch
45
48
36
39
42
24
30
27
Number of Sites
33
12
15
18
21
40
30
20
10
0
Mature Network
RNP is the first and
important step in the LTE
network life cycle.
Launch
Pre-Launch
Radio Optimization
RNP Guideline
3C1Q theory
Coverage
Capacity
Cost
Quality
RNP aims to find out the best balance among coverage, capacity, quality and cost.
Preplanning
Inputs: Coverage, Capacity & Service
Requirement
Outputs: eNodeB coverage radius
and site numbers based on coverage
and capacity calculation
Inputs: Calculated coverage radius, digital map
and subscriber distribution information
Detailed
Planning
Preparation
Huawei delivers
Link budget
Capacity dimensioning
Site numbers/configuration
Cell radius in each morphology
Network development solution
The output of
dimensioning is important
criteria to assess RNP
solution
Nominal
Planning
Detailed Planning
Network Deployment
Output
Site Type
-- Coverage Area
-- Polygon Definition
Power/Channel
eNodeB Number
Capacity Requirements
-- Frequency Bandwidth
Active Users
-- Subscriber Forecast
-- Traffic Model
S1&X2 Throughput
Agenda
1
Link Budget
Cell Radius
Capacity
Requirement
Capacity Dimensioning
Satisfy Capacity
Requirement?
Yes
Active User/S1&X2
Dimensioning
eNodeB
Amount & Configuration
End
No
Adjust eNodeB
Number
S1&X2 Dimensioning
Start
Link Budget
Propagation
Model
Cell Radius
eNodeB Coverage Area
eNodeB Number
End
coverage requirement
MIMO Gain
UE Ant Gain
Gain
Margin
Loss
Interference margin
Power level
Body Loss
Penetration Loss
EIRP
Objective:
Max. Allowed Path Loss
Path Loss
Cable Loss
eNB Ant Gain
Link segments
Rx
Sensitivity
MIMO Gain
Gain
Margin
Loss
Cable Loss
Interference margin
Power level
EIRP
Path Loss
Objective:
Max. Allowed Path Loss
Penetration Loss
Body Loss
Link segments
UE Ant Gain
Rx
Sensitivity
Frequency
Band
Data Rate
RB Number
ICIC
Factors Affecting
LTE Link Budget
Cell Load
MCS
TX Power
Channel Model
MIMO
Some other factors such as antenna height, BPL, TMA, coverage probability
Scenario
FDD/TDD
Morphology
UE Location
Channel Bandwidth (MHz)
Channel Model
DL/UL MIMO Scheme
Cell Edge Rate(kbps)
MCS
Tx
Max Tx Power (dBm)
Required RB
Tx Antenna Gain(dB)
Tx Cable Loss(dB)
Tx Body loss(dB)
EIRP / Subcarrier(dBm)
Rx
SINR (dB)
Rx Noise Figure (dB)
Receiver Sensitivity/subcarrier(dBm)
Rx Antenna Gain(dBi)
Rx Cable Loss(dB)
Rx Body loss(dB)
Target Load
Interference Margin(dB)
Min Signal Reception Strength/subcarrier (dBm)
PDSCH
PUSCH
FDD
Dense Urban
Indoor
20
ETU 3
22 SFBC
12
1024
256
QPSK 0.25
QPSK 0.31
PDSCH
PUSCH
46
23
18
4
18.0
0.0
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
32.7
6.2
PDSCH
PUSCH
-2.3
-1.6
7
2.5
-127.5
-131.3
0.0
18.0
0.0
0.5
0.0
0.0
70%
50%
5.0
1.1
-122.5
-147.7
PDSCH
PUSCH
20
11.7
95%
9.7
Propagation Model
eNodeB/UE Antenna Height (m)
125.5
Cost231-Hata(Huawei)
30
Frequency (MHz)
124.2
1.5
2600
0.29
0.26
S1&X2 Dimensioning
Cell Average
Throughput Calculation
Traffic Model
Analysis
Subscribers Supported
per Cell
eNodeB Number
(initialized by Coverage Dimensioning)
Total Subscribers
Satisfy Capacity
Requirement?
Yes
eNodeB Number
End
No
Adjust eNodeB
Number
MIMO
Users
Distribution
Factors Affecting
Capacity
Neighboring
Cell Load
Scheduling
UE Performance
IRC
User Speed
Capacity is controlled not only by hardware resources, but also radio condition
LTE
Cell
Average
Throughput
(FDD)
LTE Cell Average Throughput from Simulation
Bandwidth
5MHz
10MHz
15MHz
20MHz
Scenario
DL 2x2 (Mbps)
UL 1x2 (Mbps)
DL 4x2 (Mbps)
UL 1x4 (Mbps)
Urban
8.2
4.7
9.0
6.4
Suburban
6.3
3.3
6.9
4.5
Urban
16.9
9.8
18.6
13.2
Suburban
13.0
6.9
14.3
9.3
Urban
25.5
14.7
28.1
19.9
Suburban
19.6
10.4
21.5
14.1
Urban
34.3
19.8
37.8
26.7
Suburban
26.3
14.0
29.0
19.0
Remark
VDF Phase3
N4M
TeliaSonera
Norway
Bandwidth
10MHz
20MHz
UL 1x2
DL 4x2
UL 1x4
Scenario
Throughput
(Mbps)
Efficiency
(bps/Hz)
Throughput
(Mbps)
Efficiency
(bps/Hz)
Throughput
(Mbps)
Efficiency
(bps/Hz)
Throughput
(Mbps)
Efficiency
(bps/Hz)
DU/U
8.2
1.46
3.5
0.80
9.3
1.65
4.6
1.04
SU/RU
6.8
1.22
2.5
0.57
8.0
1.43
3.3
0.74
DU/U
16.6
1.49
7.4
0.84
18.9
1.69
9.6
1.09
SU/RU
14.0
1.25
5.3
0.60
16.1
1.44
6.9
0.78
DL:UL=2:2; DwPTS:GP:UpPTS=10:2:2
DL 2x2
Bandwidth
UL 1x2
DL 4x2
UL 1x4
Scenario
Throughput
(Mbps)
Efficiency
(bps/Hz)
Throughput
(Mbps)
Efficiency
(bps/Hz)
Throughput
(Mbps)
Efficiency
(bps/Hz)
Throughput
(Mbps)
Efficiency
(bps/Hz)
DU/U
11.2
1.46
1.9
0.80
12.6
1.65
2.4
1.04
SU/RU
9.3
1.22
1.3
0.57
10.9
1.43
1.7
0.74
DU/U
22.8
1.49
4.0
0.84
25.8
1.69
5.1
1.09
SU/RU
19.1
1.25
2.8
0.60
22.0
1.44
3.7
0.78
10MHz
20MHz
DL:UL=3:1; DwPTS:GP:UpPTS=10:2:2
15.00
9.76
10.00
5.00
4.72
3.00
2.30
2.10
0.00
HSUPA 10ms
HSUPA 2ms
HSUPA 16QAM
LTE 5 MHz
LTE 10MHz
LTE 20MHz
25.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
HSPA(16QAM),
6.00
HSPA+(MIMO),
6.98
HSPA+(DC+16QAM),
6.43
5.00
0.00
HSPA+(64QAM),
6.41
HSPA+(MIMO+64QAM), 7.12
HSPA+(DC+64QAM),
6.89
LTE 5MHz,
8.17
DL
Bearer Rate
(Kbps)
PPP Session
Time(s)
PPP Session
Duty Ratio
BLER
Bearer Rate
(Kbps)
PPP Session
Time(s)
PPP Session
Duty Ratio
BLER
Video Conference
62.53
1800
1%
62.53
1800
1%
IMS Signalling
15.63
0.2
1%
15.63
0.2
1%
Web Browsing
62.53
1800
0.05
1%
250.11
1800
0.05
1%
File Transfer
140.69
600
1%
750.34
600
1%
250.11
1200
1%
750.34
1200
1%
Traffic Penetration
Ratio
BHSA
Video Conference
0.00%
IMS Signalling
User Behavior
UL
DL
0.2
6316
6316
0.00%
31
31
Web Browsing
100.00%
0.4
632
2526
File Transfer
20.00%
0.2
4737
25264
20.00%
0.4
33685
101055
8355
27853
Total
Capacity Dimensioning
Active User Dimensioning
S1&X2 Dimensioning
Active users is also called RRC-Connected Users which refer to the users having a RRC connection with the
network
Directly influences eNodeB quotation and controlled by software license
PPP
Session
Data call (session) WWW
time
RRC_Connected
(Active User)
RRC
RRC1
RRC2
RRC3
RRC_Idle
Packets
time
Packet2
Packet1
Packet3
time
Number _ ActiveUser _ i BHSA * PPP _ Session _ Time * RatRrcToPP P * Number _ User / 3600
Total _ Number _ ActiveUser Number _ ActiveUser _ i * Percentage _ Service _ i
i
Cell Capacity
Step 2
Step 3
Daily traffic
Step 4
BH throughput (Mbps)
Step 5
Step 6
a
b
c
10MHz*1.5bps/Hz/cell
10GByte package per user
Assumptions:
S111
10MHz
10GB package
= b / 30 days
= c x 8x 10%/3600s x 0.8 x 1000
d
e
f
=a/d
= e x 3 = 760 subscribers
S1&X2 Dimensioning
MME / S-GW
MSC/SGSN/GGSN
MME / S-GW
S1
S1
RNC
S1
S1
BSC
X2
E-UTRAN
eNB
eNB
X2
X2
eNB
BTS
BTS
NodeB
NodeB
Assumptions:
1. Uplink and downlink busy hour data traffic volume
per subscriber is 25kbps
2. Traffic data ratio for uplink and downlink is 1:4
T _ S1 / Site T _ control _ Plane / Site T _ Total _ user _ plane / Site 0.82 41.1 41.92Mbps
X2 Bandwidth
LTE-A Solution
LTE
Rel-9
Rel-10
Rel-11
Rel-12
Enhanced eICIC
LTE-Hi Hotspot
enhancements
DL/UL CoMP
UL-MIMO 4x4
Dual Layer BF
DL 8X8 MIMO
with DRS
Relay (basics)
Carrier Agg.
Positioning (OTDOA)
3D BF with AAS
M2M
CN overload control
Enh. PDCCH
Enhanced CA
CA Enhancement
M2M
RAN overload control
MBMS basics
MBMS enh.
MBMS cont.
MSR contig
MSR NC
MB-MSR
WiFi IWK
3GPP UE Categories
Category
1
2
3
4
Peak rate
DL
10
50
100
150
Mbps
UL
5
25
50
50
Capability for physical functionalities
RF bandwidth
20MHz
DL
QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
Modulation
UL
Max Layer # DL
QPSK, 16QAM
Mulit-antenna
1
5
300
75
QPSK,
16QAM,
64QAM
4
LTE-A Solution
1Gbps
DL Peak Rate
[06-2012]
1.
2.
Coordinated
Multi-Point
High Order
MIMO
HetNet
TDM eICIC
3GPP R8
3GPP R9
3GPP R10
Commercial Launch or Upgrade
2009-2011
49 commercial networks in 29
countries
[GSA report, Jan-2012]
2012
~2013
Carrier Aggregation:
Flexible CA
Intra-band CA
CA (Uplink 2CC)
-(up to 40M)
DL CoMP
Inter-band CA
CA based eICIC
-(up to 40M)
TM9 DL MU-MIMO
UL SU-MIMO
-[Trail]
ePDCCH
2013Q2
>2014
Carrier Aggregation
Carrier 1
300Mbps
Carrier 2
150Mbps
Intra-band CA continuous
Carrier 1
R10 UE
DL 2*2MIMO @ 20MHz, CA: 40MHz
Carrier 2
Band 1
Carrier 2
Band 2
Inter-band CA
CA requires R10 UE
Carrier 2
Carrier 1
Assign
more RB
for cell
edge UE
Mbps
No-CA
edge
CA
center
Coverage
S2
S1
Co-locate
S3
F1
F2
Inter-Band
Intra-Band
Balancing Scenario
Remote
S4
S5
Huawei eRAN6.0 support scenario 1 & 2, other scenarios are under research.
800M
800M
1.8G
1.8G
2.6G
20M
20M
2.6G
3 InterBands CA
2.6G
2 InterBands CA
2..6G
800M
800M
20M
1.8G
1.8G
3 IntraBands CA
60MHz IBW
2.6G
1.8G
CA Chipsets Progress
MDM9x25/ MSM8974:
20MHz, 2CC
40MHz, 2CC
2013 Q3
2013 Q3
be available by 2013H2
Most likely mass market LTE-A
CA devices by 2014/15
Uplink CA
Carrier 1
Carrier 1
Carrier 1
Carrier 2
Carrier 2
300Mbps @ 40MHz,2x2
MIMO
Carrier 2
Carrier X
1Gbps @100MHz,4X4
MIMO
MIMO Objectives
Provide DL/UL
Peak Data Rate
MIMO
MIMO
UL SU-MIMO up to 4T, enhanced UL MU-MIMO
DL SU-MIMO
DL MU-MIMO
UL SU-MIMO
UL MU-MIMO
DL 4x4 MIMO with 4Rx UE Device would be in commercial use after 2015
* Bell&Telus Canada
CoMP Introduction
Homogeneous network with intra-site CoMP
Uplink
CoMP
Downlink
CoMP
UL intra-site
CoMP has no
dependency
with UE and
Backhaul
Features
Intra-eNB
CoMP
Inter-eNB
CoMP
Benefits:
Interference from other transmission points is utilized
to improve transmission
Reduce inter-cell-interference
Inter-site
CoMP bases
on
Cloud BB
Architecture
eRAN3.0/6.0
Intra-site UL CoMP
2Rx (eRAN 3.0)
UL CoMP from Joint Reception
Signal combination
Including Receiving diversity gain and
Array gain
Interference rejection
performance gain
2Cell CoMP@2Rx(vs. Non-CoMP 2Rx)
7% Cell Capacity,
up to 130% Edge Throughput
Dependency: No
Without CoMP
Cell2
Cell0
Intra-eNB CoMP
UE1
UE2
Cell1
Cloud BB
Site1
Intra-site UL CoMP
2Rx (2 Cells)
performance gain
2Cell CoMP@2Rx(vs. Non-CoMP 2Rx)
up to 220% Edge Throughput
Site2
Scenario 2:
Inter-site CoMP basing on
Central BB in
Homogeneous network
LBBP
LBBPc only
1xLBBPc: 3x20M
2-Cellx2R CoMP w.
UL Intralimited gain.
eNB CoMP
(eRAN3.0) 2xLBBPc: not
support 6x20M
2Cellx2R CoMP
LBBP
LBBPc only
LBBPc
LBBPd
LBBPd1/d2 /d3
LBBPd1( or LBBPd2):
320M 2Cellx2R CoMP
LBBPc
LBBPd2: 3x20M
LBBPd1:
2Cellx4Rx CoMP
not support
LBBPd1+d2 or LBBPd3:
6x20M
6x20M 2Cellx2R
2Cellx2R
CoMP(Plan eRAN7.0 or
CoMP
late)
LBBPd1/d2/d3
USU3900
Inter-eNB
Hardware ready
CoMP
Not Support
eRAN7.0: 5x BBU
For Cloud BB based
(eRAN7.0 or Inter-eNB CoMP
eRAN8.0: 25x BBU
Inter-eNB CoMP
late)
0
Macro
Micro
Only few users Benefit from the HetNet gain due to the lack of Macro/Micro coordination, cochannel Microcell coverage shrinks.
eRAN7.0 or later
Description:
Macro
Micro
Macro coverage and Micro original
coverage
Micro Range extended
coverage
in co-carrier scenario.
Protected subframe to
solve interference
ABS.
ABS for backward compatibility with R8/R9 UE
Macro
Micro
Benefits:
Reduce interference for more UE to Micro with
high throughput .
6
1
Turn on TDM
eICIC
4
5
5
1
Few UE,
Low RB
Usage%
4
6
Micro RB usage%
Increased
Macro can now accept more users, or lower inter-cell interference by TDM eICIC.
LTE In Context
II
Business strategy
III
Case study
Global LTE subscribers will double in 2013, reaching 198.1 million. The
US, Japan and South Korea have consolidated their lead in LTE adoption
30
25
24.9
60.0%
50.0%
20
40.0%
15
11.6
10
30.0%
10.3
9.3
20.0%
5.9
5
53.1%
5.5
4.4
2.6
10.0%
1.9
1.8
0.0%
Source : Huawei Analysis based on Wireless Intelligence data from April 2013
28.9%
25.4%
21.7% 19.7%
18.8%
13.1%
10.6% 9.6%
Early 4G adopters are data hungry users, always on the go and need an
efficient network to support their work and life
Reliability
Upload Speed
I am a journalist, I need to
upload lots of big size
photos when I work
outdoor, only 4G can meet
my needs
Latency
I am a stock trader, a low
latency network like 4G is
very important to my
investment
QoE
Mobility
I have my own business, I travel a
lot , 4G allows me to send/receive
loads of emails with big
attachments efficiently on the
move
Limited Device
4G device is
limited, there are
two high end
Lack of Awareness
I only know 4G is
faster, I dont know too
much about the
benefits
High Price
Id like to wait
1-2 years until
the price is
reasonable
Lack of Needs
I dont use too much
data, I mainly get
internet access on my
PC
Limited Coverage
I live in the north, I
am worried about
the coverage
Lack of Trust
I dont trust the service,
Id like to wait and see
LTE In Context
II
Business strategy
III
Case study
LTE market success relies on a clear alignment with the business strategy and on
strong technical, financial and organisational foundations
Company
Goals
Business Strategy
Target
Segments and
Positioning
Go-To-Market
Foundations
Services
Network
Devices
Pricing
Organisation
Branding
and
Promotion
Content
Business Models
Strategy
Segmentation
Services
Devices
Pricing
Promotion
Content
Network
Organisation
Goals
Technology
Pricing
Competitive
Financial
Network
The answers to those questions will help operators allocate resources, derive the right marketing strategy
and measure the success of LTE in the future.
Bus. Models
Strategy
Segmentation
Services
Devices
Pricing
Promotion
Content
Network
Organisation
Bus. Models
Description
Basic Internet
Social
Communicators
Family &
Friends
Advanced
Internet
Business
Focussed
An older group
using Basic
communication
[voice calls & text
messages].
Use internet
mainly for social
communication.
(i.e. facebook,
twitter and emails).
Stylish, trendy
about mobile
devices and
technologies.
Occasionally use
mobile internet for
browsing and
news.
Limited budget on
internet spending,
rather wait for free
WiFi.
Adults in early
career, heavily
attached to mobile
& web for personal
and occasional
business use.
Family with 3 or
more family
members are
using multiple
mobile devices
with different tariff
plans.
Focus on work
efficiency, often
require high
mobility and quality
of service.
Churn for
promotions.
Living in rural
areas.
Price
Style
Mobility
QoS
Data use
Conscious budget
of family
spending
Open to
promotions
Sports or music
fan, watch online
TV and live sports
often.
Upload photos
Frequent traveler,
do lots conference
meetings.
Super Connected
Strategy
Segmentation
Services
Devices
Pricing
Promotion
Content
Network
Organisation
Bus. Models
Strategy
Segmentation
Services
Devices
Pricing
Promotion
Content
Network
Organisation
Bus. Models
? ??
? ? ??
? ? ??
Strategy
Segmentation
Services
Devices
Pricing
Promotion
Content
Network
Organisation
Bus. Models
HTC Thunderbolt 4g
Samsung
Droid
charge
LG
Revolutio
n
HP
Pavilion
DM13010NR
Verizon USB5511
Compaq
mini
CQ10688NR
At launch
Motorola Xoom
Samsung
Galaxy Tab
10.1
Pantech UML290
Rational
Now
6 Smartphones
2 Tablets
2 Notebooks
2 MiFi devices
2 dongles
Inspiration
al
High
customer
experience
22 Smartphones
8 Tablets
2 Notebooks
2 MiFi devices
3 dongles
2 Wifi routers
6
5
5.4
Launched 4 LTE
smartphone models in
Oct. 2011
4
3
4.3
3.3
2.9
2
1
2.2
1.1
1.5
2.5
1.8
Launched 10 LTE
smartphone models
in May 2012
0.5 0.6
0.2 0.3 0.4
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1
0
0
10 12 14 16 18 20
Launch Period (months)
22
24
Strategy
Segmentation
Services
Devices
Pricing
Promotion
Content
Network
Organisation
Bus. Models
Pricing of LTE has drawn a lot of attention, but the focus has been on
price premiums and flat-rates rather than on the additional value of LTE
Premium or not
Premium
Premium
with
Discount
Same as
3G
Mixed
Based on Usage
Flat
Rate
Volume
Based
Time
Based
Speed
Based
Although price premiums have been blamed for the lower adoption of LTE in Europe, they are not
necessarily wrong if the additional value of LTE is clearly promoted and delivered
Strategy
Segmentation
Services
Devices
Pricing
Promotion
Content
Network
Organisation
Bus. Models
LTE Pricing practices are very diverse, and reflect regional and country
differences in technology maturity, competitivity and economic situation
Europe
95%
3G to 4G Premium
Austria, Germany and Nordic countries practice the higher premiums, Greece,
52% 50%
45%
31% 31%
25% 20%
10%
Most countries are pricing LTE based on speed and volume, very few have
uncapped their data plans. There are few examples of Smart Pricing.
US
Japan
Strategy
Segmentation
Services
Devices
Pricing
Promotion
Content
Network
Organisation
Bus. Models
Speed is
relative, uses
Youtube and
iTunes to
illustrate
Calcio and
Cinema both
stand
Focus on the end
user perspective
of benefits
Strategy
Segmentation
Services
Devices
Pricing
Promotion
Content
Network
Organisation
Video Strategy:
Support by all LTE handsets available during the first 3 months of launch
(from Samsung, LG, Pantech and HTC)
More than 13.000 HD videos available at launch through T-Store and 8.000
movies available on N-screen service. High Value customers receive a
monthly credit to download content.
Results:
SK Telecom objective at launch was to sign up 500K LTE subscribers by end of 2011 (has achieved 575K) and
LTE subscribers by end of 2012 (has achieved 6.3M).
3 months after the launch of its premium content offer, more than 1 million customers generated 6 million
downloads.
Bus. Models
Strategy
Segmentation
Services
Devices
Pricing
Promotion
Content
Network
Organisation
Smarter
Content Enabled
Content optimisation
CDN features
Partnerships with content providers
Bigger
2
More Open
Device Aware
Bus. Models
Strategy
Segmentation
Services
Devices
Pricing
Promotion
Content
Network
Organisation
Culture
Processe
s
Resource
s
New brand, store redesign, and new experience centres to showcase LTE.
Teams will be under additional pressure due to intense rollouts, internal
competition, media attention.
New relationships with value network (suppliers, customers, partners,
complementors)
New Brand
Store Redesign
Different
department for
TDD-LTE
Bus. Models
LTE In Context
II
Business strategy
III
Case study
In view of strong competition and AT&Ts leadership in the smart-phone market, Verizon was compelled to take a strong first
mover position in LTE and invest heavily in the network due to its competitive market positioning. Verizon was at a
disadvantage compared with AT&Ts technical (spectral) and market leadership. Verizons CDMA EV-DO ecosystem declining
and there was no easy migration to LTE in sight. In that position, Verizon saw a huge opportunity
Spectrum:
Solution:
700MHz
2 x 10MHz
1710-1750MHz,
2110-2155MHz
Objective
To become the US leader in LTE subscribers. Verizon became the world leader in
terms of LTE customers
LIFE IS BETTER IN
REAL TIME
Focus on speed
2010
FASTER DEVICES
FASTER YOU
2013
What 4G means
LTE
WiMax
HSPA+
Speed claim
5-7Mbps/2-3Mbps
3-6 Mbps
21 Mbps
Comparison with
3G
10 times faster
4 times faster
10 times faster
No comparison
Verizons key commercial proposition the share everything plans is that of multi-smart
device and the leading industry practice worldwide
Data plans
1GB
$50
2GB
$60
4GB
$70
6GB
$80
8GB
$90
10GB
$100
Smartphone
+$40
Basic phone
+$30
USB
+$20
Tablet
+$10
How Verizon compliments its DSL and Fibre offering with Home LTE proposition
achieving sales maximization not revenue cannibalization
DSL
LTE
FTTH
Distinct branding /
messaging
Pricing / Bundling
Service
With local
calls
Unlimited
calls
Single
$19.99 /m
$29.99 /m*
Double
$34.99 /m
$44.99 /m
Triple
$64.99 /m
$74.99 /m
*upload speet 1.5MB
INTERNET
TRIPLE
PLAY
Speed
Fees Y1
Fees Y2
15/5
$49.99
$69.99
50/25
$59.99 /m
75/35
Monthly data
allowance
Monthly
access
$79.99 /m
10 GB
$60
$69.99 /m
$89.99 /m
20 GB
$90
15/5
$79.99 /m
$79.99 /m
30 GB
$120
50/25
$89.99 /m
$89.99 /m
75/35
$104.99 /m
$104.99 /m
/m
/m
Video
Video
Convergence
Rural-Home
M2M
Rural-Home
M2M
31.3
31.6
30.7
30
31.0
30.2
150
28.8
28.2
24.0
24.4
24.6
25.1
3Q11
4Q11
1Q12
2Q12
3Q12
4Q12
1Q 2011
2Q11
53
55
0
23
1Q11
55
56
56
133
130
LG U+ LTE launch,
July 1, 2011
23.5
54
56
54
55
4Q 2012
25
138
3Q 2012
26
137
140
135
KT LTE launch,
Jan 3, 2012
2.67 devices/subscriber
2Q 2012
27.0
141
1Q 2012
15%
143
145
147
4Q 2011
27.7
27.5
36%
145
3Q 2011
27
2Q 2011
27.9
27.1
31.2
21%
28.5 28.4
28
24
31.2
31
29
MUCHAS
GRACIAS
por su atencin
Av. San Luis 1771 San Borja, Lima Per