Marking scheme for question bank

Replication of DNA
1. (a) A

Phosphate

B Deoxyribose
C(Organic) base / thymine / adenine;
DHydrogen bond / H bond;
(b)

Total percentage of C + G = 84 %;
Therefore T will be (100 84) 2;
= 8%; 3

(c)

(i)

CGC\AGU\ACG;;
[all correct = 2 marks, 1 error1 mark]

(ii)

3;

1
[10]

2.

Condensation / polymerisation ;
Deoxyribose ;
Thymine ; [watch spelling]
(double) helix ;
Hydrogen ; [accept H]

3.

(a)

A
B
C

(b)

U C G G C AG G G C AG ; ;
[one mistake = 1 mark, two mistakes = 0]

making new DNA / copying DNA ;

makes identical copies ;
new molecule has one old and one new strand ;
DNA strands separate / eq ;
each strand acts as a template ;
individual nucleotides line up against (old) strand ;
complementary base pairing ;
nucleotides joined (by DNA polymerase) ;

one eighth / 12.5% ;

eight strands have been formed from each original strand / eq ;

(e)

interphase / S phase ;

(a)

Making more DNA ;

Molecule unwinds / strands separate ;
Each strand acts as a template / eq ;
Each molecule contains, one parental/ one new / one daughter strand ;
New DNA is identical to original DNA / identical to each other / eq ;

(c)

(d)

4.

phosphate ;
pentose / ribose / deoxyribose / 5C sugar ;
purine / pyrimidine / (organic) base / named example ; [watch spelling]

(b)

Folding of secondary structure / eq ;

To form irregular / 3D / globular shape ;
Maintained by, hydrogen / ionic / disulphide bonds / eq ;
Bonding determined by R-groups ;
Shape is important for function ;

max 3
[6]

Component

DNA

mRNA

5.

Cytosine present
Uracil present
6.
Pentose sugar present
Is single stranded
Breaks the hydrogen bonds (between the strands) ;
(b)

Condensation / polymerisation ;

(c)

Interphase / S phase / synthesis phase ;

(d)

Correct diagram, as below ;

C e n tro m e re :

C h r o m a tid ;
7.

(b)

(a)

1.

2.

Strands separate ;

3.

Idea that each strand acts as a template / eq;

4.

Nucleotides line up against complementary base pairs;

5.

(Each) new (daughter) molecule contains one old and one new strand;

6.

Reference to molecules being identical to {each other / original parent

molecule};

(i)

DNA in B is lighter (than the DNA in A) converse;

Because A contains all heavy nitrogen;
B contains both heavy and light nitrogen;

Making more DNA;

(ii)

(iii)

1.

(Bacteria) in B have one heavy and one light strand of

DNA (in each molecule);

2.

All newly synthesised strands will contain light

{DNA / nitrogen};

3.

Some molecules will consist of only light DNA;

4.

Some molecules will consist of one light strand and

one heavy strand;

5.

Each type of molecule is present in equal proportions;

Two bands shown in correct position;

Lower band is thinner than the one shown in D and upper band is
thicker than one shown in D;

2
[11]