Pearl GTL

Project
Shell Project No: HP-3000-QAT
Project Document Number: T- 4.250.909

Purchase Order Number:

2MH127

Tag/Item Number(s):

N/A

Unit(s):

ASU

PCWBS:

LINDE ENGINEERING

Contractor Project No :
Project Rev.: A

Page 2 of 12

5887

QATAR SHELL GTL PROJECT (PEARL)

C2 AIR SEPARATION UNITS CONSTRUCTION

24.04.2008

Ready For Construction

BR

UA

ZG

RFC

11.12.2007

Issued for Company comments

BR

AU/MC

ZG

ICC

05.12.2007

Issued for Review

BR

AU/MC

ZG

IFR

26.11.2007

Issued for Internal Review

BR

AU/MC

ZG

IIR

Date

Description

GAMA
Rev.
No.

Project
Rev
No.

Prepared Checked Approved

By
By
By
ORIGINATOR

Status

Document Title:

PROCEDURE FOR LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING

LINDE ENGINEERING AG
Document No.

Contractor

Gama Qatar Co. W. L. L.

LOC470
GAM

PRO

QAC

GTL

039

Org.
Code

Doc.
Type

Disc.
Code

Geogr.
Area

Seq.
No

Rev.
No

Project Document Number: T-4.250.909

Vendor Code

Rev No: A

Q A T A R

Doc. Title

PROCEDURE FOR LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING

Doc. No.

GAM-PRO-QAC-GTL-039 Rev. D

Date:

24.04.2008

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.

SCOPE ________________________________________________________________________5

2.

REFERENCES _________________________________________________________________5

3.

PERSONNEL___________________________________________________________________5

4.

3.1.

Qualification _____________________________________________________________________5

3.2.

Personnel _________________________________________________________________________5

MATERIALS ___________________________________________________________________6
4.1.

Materials_________________________________________________________________________6

4.2.

Quality___________________________________________________________________________6

5.

SURFACE CONDITION _________________________________________________________6

6.

METHOD ______________________________________________________________________6
6.1.

Techniques ______________________________________________________________________6

6.2.

Inspection _______________________________________________________________________7

6.1.1
6.1.2
6.1.3
6.1.4
6.1.5

Surface Preparation _______________________________________________________________________ 7

Cleaning Process _________________________________________________________________________ 7
Drying Process __________________________________________________________________________ 7
Application of the Penetrant ________________________________________________________________ 8
Application for the developer _______________________________________________________________ 8

7.

INTERPRETATION _____________________________________________________________9

8.

DOCUMENTATION ____________________________________________________________10
8.1.

Reports _________________________________________________________________________10

8.2.

Attachments ____________________________________________________________________10

T-4.251.909 Rev. A

Page 4 of 12

Q A T A R

Doc. Title

PROCEDURE FOR LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING

Doc. No.

GAM-PRO-QAC-GTL-039 Rev. D

Date:

24.04.2008

1. SCOPE
This procedure specifies the minimum requirements for liquid penetrant inspection of materials and
weldments, not applicable for fluorescent penetrant methods.

2. REFERENCES
The following documents shall be referred to in conjunction with this procedure:
a) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section V
b) ASME Section VIII Div1.
c) ASME B 31.3 Process Piping
d) ASME B 31.1 Power Piping
e) Linde/Shell HSSE Policy.
f) ASNT document SNT-TC-1A
g) DEP-31.38.01.31 GEN (Shop & Field Fabrication of Steel Piping)

3. PERSONNEL
3.1.

QUALIFICATION

Personnel undertaking liquid penetrant inspection shall be qualified to minimum of ASNT Level
II based on ASNT document SNT-TC-1A.

3.2.

PERSONNEL

Personnel employed in liquid penetrant inspection for Linde shall be aware of the substances
used with regard to flammability and possible breathing and/or skin irritation and shall familiarize
themselves with manufacture's instructions before use of same in inspection.
All personnel shall have responsibility to themselves and other persons concerning safety and
shall ensure that site facilities are adequate concerning ventilation, lighting, scaffolding and the
like before commencement of operations.

T-4.251.909 Rev. A

Page 5 of 12

Q A T A R

Doc. Title

PROCEDURE FOR LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING

Doc. No.

GAM-PRO-QAC-GTL-039 Rev. D

Date:

24.04.2008

4. MATERIALS
Storage of Penetrant materials shall be as per manufactures recommendations. The room temperature
shall be between 18 to 26 deg C unless no manufactures specifications available.

4.1.

MATERIALS

a) Solvent cleaner
b) Penetrant/remover
c) Developer
d) Lint free cloth or equivalent

4.2.

QUALITY

Only materials of a recognized commercial quality shall be used. Same shall be identified by
the manufacturer e.g. Ardrox, Magnaflux or similar, to a known, related specification. For the
purpose of this procedure consumables in aerosol can form shall be used. LPI Kit shall be from
same manufacturer. Mixing is not allowed. The penetrant shall be of low sulphur contents.

5. SURFACE CONDITION
Satisfactory results can usually be obtained on surfaces in the as welded, as cast, as rolled, or as
forged conditions, however surface preparation by grinding or machining is necessary when surface
irregularities might mask the indications of unacceptable discontinuities or otherwise interfere with the
effectiveness of the examination.

6. METHOD
This procedure is intended to cover methods to be employed for liquid penetrant inspection subject to
the limitations of access.

6.1.

TECHNIQUES

The area or weld under examination shall be cleaned. A liquid penetrant is applied to the
surface to be examined and allowed to penetrate discontinuities, all excess penetrant is then
removed. The area is dried and a developer applied. The developer functions both as a blotter
to penetrant that has been trapped in discontinuities and as a contrasting background to
enhance the visibility of penetrant.

T-4.251.909 Rev. A

Page 6 of 12

Q A T A R
6.2.

Doc. Title

PROCEDURE FOR LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING

Doc. No.

GAM-PRO-QAC-GTL-039 Rev. D

Date:

24.04.2008

INSPECTION
6.1.1

Surface Preparation

a) Prior to all liquid penetrant inspections, the surface to be examined and all adjacent areas
within at least 25mm (1 in) shall be dry and free of dirt, grease, lint, scale, welding flux, weld
spatter, oil and other extraneous matter that could obscure surface openings or otherwise
interfere with the examination.
b) Typical cleaning agents that may be used are detergents, organic solvents, and descaling solutions and paint removers. Degreasing and ultrasonic cleaning methods may also
be used.
c) After cleaning, drying of the surfaces to be inspected shall be accomplished by normal
evaporation or with forced hot air, as appropriate. A minimum of 3 minutes drying time shall
be given to ensure that the cleaning solution has evaporated before application of the
penetrant.
d) A minimum of 1000 lux* is required to ensure adequate sensitivity during the examination
& evaluation of indications.
(*Note. 1000 lux can be achieved with a 100 W lamp, in a distance of less than 600mm from
the testing area/surface.)

6.1.2

Cleaning Process

Solvent cleaner method: On removal of any rust, scale, welding flux, and spatter and in
general, inorganic soils. The surfaces to be inspected shall be cleaned firstly with a dry, lintfree cloth. Subsequently with a cloth lightly moistened with solvent cleaner and finally
cleaned with a dry lint-free cloth.

6.1.3

Drying Process

The drying process shall be accomplished by normal evaporation. Minimum time allowed
drying 1 minute.

T-4.251.909 Rev. A

Page 7 of 12

Q A T A R
6.1.4

Doc. Title

PROCEDURE FOR LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING

Doc. No.

GAM-PRO-QAC-GTL-039 Rev. D

Date:

24.04.2008

Application of the Penetrant

a) After the area has been cleaned, dried and the temperature of the surface and penetrant
are within the range of 50 to 125F (10 to 52C)
b) The penetrant shall be sprayed directly to the surface to be inspected by the means of an
aerosol container, such that the entire part of area under inspection is completely covered
with penetrant.
c) After application, excess penetrant shall be allowed to drain from part (care being taken to
prevent pools of penetrant forming on the part), while allowing for proper penetrant dwell
time.
d) Dwell time shall be in accordance with ASME Section V, SE-165, Table 2, Dwell Times,
and Penetrant.
e) All dwell times given are those recommended as minimum.
f) Maximum penetrant dwell time shall be 60 minutes.
g) After the specified penetrant dwell time has elapsed, any penetrant remaining on the
surface shall be removed with a dry or slightly moistened cloth of solvent cleaner, taking
care to minimize removal of penetrant from any possible discontinuity.
h) Flushing the surface with solvent cleaner, following the application of the penetrant and
prior to developing is prohibited.
i) Drying process (on removal of all excess penetrant and prior to application of the
developer).
The drying process shall be accomplished by normal evaporation minimum time allowed for
drying 1 minute.

6.1.5

Application for the developer

a) The non-aqueous wet developer is applied directly to the part by spraying from an aerosol
container. A maximum of 3 minutes can be taken after removing of excess Penetrant.
i. The non-aqueous developer evaporates very rapidly at normal room
temperature and does not require the use of a dryer. It should be used, however,
with proper ventilation.
ii. Parts shall be sprayed in such a manner as to assure complete part coverage
with a thin, even film of developer.
b) Dipping or flooding parts with non-aqueous developer is prohibited.
c) Developer dwell time shall not be less than 7 minutes. Dwell times shall be in accordance
with ASME Section V, SE-165, Table 2, Dwell Times, and Developer.

T-4.251.909 Rev. A

Page 8 of 12

Q A T A R

Doc. Title

PROCEDURE FOR LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING

Doc. No.

GAM-PRO-QAC-GTL-039 Rev. D

Date:

24.04.2008

7. INTERPRETATION
All indications shall be considered as discontinuities until investigated, upon investigation such
indications shall be recognized as weld or material related and relevant, therefore subject to
interpretation in accordance with the clients governing specification with regard to accept/reject criteria.
For piping the acceptance criteria shall be ASME B 31.1 or ASME B 31.3 whichever is applicable.
ASME Sec.VIII Div.1 App.8*
[*This shall apply unless more restrictive standards are specified for specific materials or applications
within ASME Sec VIII Div.1
All surfaces to be examined shall be free of;

Relevant linear indications

Relevant rounded indications greater than 3/16 inch(4.8mm)
Four or more relevant rounded indications in a line separated by 1/16 inch
(1.6mm) or less edge to edge.

An indication of an imperfection may be larger than the imperfection that causes it; however, the size
of the indication is the basis for the evaluation.]
Indications considered non-relevant can be caused by change in section, property of material,
inadequate preparation (eg. slag, scale etc.) and therefore deemed not detrimental to the weld or area
examined.
Should any indication not be identified then item shall be rejected and reported as same for
supplementary inspection method to be utilized.

Post-Examination Cleaning:
When post-examination cleaning is needed, it shall be conducted as soon as practical using a process
that does not adversely affect the part.

T-4.251.909 Rev. A

Page 9 of 12

Q A T A R

Doc. Title

PROCEDURE FOR LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING

Doc. No.

GAM-PRO-QAC-GTL-039 Rev. D

Date:

24.04.2008

8. DOCUMENTATION
8.1.

REPORTS

Each examination shall be reported together with interpretation of flaws/defects encountered;

where necessary a diagrammatic sketch shall be made to show locations of defects.
The reports shall give the following information as a minimum:
a) Client identity
b) Contractor identity
c) Drawing/line number
d) Date of Test
e) Welders mark, number of identity
f) Specification
g) Consumable used & Manufacturer for each item
h) Dwell time
i) Light source
j) Technique Used
k) Location of test
l) Test Procedure used.
m) Acceptance Standard or Specification & Accept or reject
n) Technician Name & Signature
Records shall be maintained.

8.2.

ATTACHMENTS

TABLE-1
TABLE-2
GAM-QCR-QAC-GTL-043: Liquid Penetrant Report

T-4.251.909 Rev. A

Page 10 of 12

Q A T A R

Doc. Title

PROCEDURE FOR LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING

Doc. No.

GAM-PRO-QAC-GTL-039 Rev. D

Date:

24.04.2008

TABLE 1 Recommended Dwell Times (ASTM E-165)

Material

Form

Type of Discontinuity

Aluminum, magnesium, steel, brass and

bronze, titanium and high-temperature
alloys

Cast - castings and

welds

Cold shuts, porosity, lack of

fusion, cracks (all forms)

Wrought extrusions, forgings,

plate
All forms
All forms
All forms

Laps, cracks (all forms)

Lack of fusion, porosity,
cracks
Cracks
Cracks
Cracks

Carbide-tipped tools
Plastic
Glass
Ceramic

Dwell Times (in

minutes) for Methods
Penetrant Developer
5

10

10

10

a) For temperature range from 50 to 125F (10 to 52C)

b) All dwell times given are recommended minimums
c) Development time begins directly after application of dry developer and as soon as wet
developer coating has dried on surface of parts (recommended minimum).

TABLE 2 Classification of Liquid Penetrant Inspection Methods and Types

Type 1 - Fluorescent, Liquid Penetrant Inspection

Method A - water-washable (E-1209)
Method B - post-emulsifiable (E-1209)
Method C - solvent-removable (E-1219)
Method D Post emulsifiable Hydrophilic (E-1210)
Type 2 - Visible, Liquid Penetrant Inspection
Method A - water-washable (E-1418)
Method C - solvent-removable (E-1220)

T-4.251.909 Rev. A

Page 11 of 12

Test Report
Liquid Penetrant Examination (PT)
C2 ASU Pearl GTL PROJECT -Qatar
Testing Contractor
Code, Standard
Testing
Data
Evaluation Standard
General

System

Surface Temperature [C]

Line No.

1)

Sheet No.

Area
Weld
No.

NPS
Thickness

Trade Name

Testing Data

Welder 1

Piping

Welder 2

Contractor

Testing
before/
after PWHT

Penetr.
Time
[min]

Develop.
Time
[min]

Testing Results (a = accepted / na = not accepted)

Test

no

Date

Defects

Abbreviations
1)

R1 Repair
N new after Rep.
G non pressure
tested weld

GAM-QCR-QAC-GTL-043

Batch

Penetrant
Cleaner
Developer

Object Data
Test
No.

Doc No:

Testing Consumables
Ilumination [lx]

no
Defects after
grinding

Type.

Length

2)

[mm]

Defect
Location

GAMA REP
Type. Of Defect
2) G = globular
L = in Line

Location of Defect
B = Base Material
3)
T = Transition Area
W = Weld Metal

Position of Defect
4) Distance to
Reference Point in [mm]

Date

3)

Pos.

Comments

a/na

4)

Third Party

Name

Signature

Date

Name

Signature

LINDE REP

QSGTL OR its PMC REP

_______________________________________
Date
Name
Signature

_______________________________________
Date
Name
Signature