Roll No.

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Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
B.Tech. Degree Examinations June 2013
Fourth Semester
Mechanical Engineering

MEC222 Fluid Mechanics and Machinery

Time: Three hours

Maximum: 100 Marks

Answer all questions

1. (a) What is no slip condition? What causes it?

(2)

(b) A thin flat plate (30 cm X 30 cm) is pulled at the rate of 1.5 m/s horizontally through a
4 mm thick oil layer sandwiched between two plates, one stationary and the other
moving at constant velocity of 0.3 m/s. Viscosity of the oil is 0.025 Pa-s. Assuming
velocity in each oil layer to vary linearly, a) find the location where the oil viscosity is
zero and b) determine the force that needs to be applied to the plate moving at 1.5 m/s
to maintain its motion.
(6)
FIXED
PLATE
1 mm

F
V = 1.5 m/s

3 mm

MOVING PLATE, 0.3 m/s

2. (a) The hemispherical dome in the below figure weighs 30 kN and is filled with water and
attached to the floor by six equally spaced bolts. What is the force that is required in
each bolt to hold down the dome?
(8)

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(b) A cylinder of diameter D and height H floats in fresh water with its longitudinal axis
vertical. The cylinder is made of material of specific gravity 0.75. Find H/D ratio for
which cylinder floats stable.
(8)
3. (a) A centrifugal pump running at 1200rpm works against a total head of 90m. The
external and internal diameters of the impeller are 600mm and 300mm respectively
.the width at outlet is 50mm. the velocity of flow through the impeller is constant at
4m/s. If the blade angle at the outlet is 30o, determine:(a) vane angle at inlet, (b) work
done by the impeller and (c) discharge and (d) manometric efficiency.
(8)
(b) A pelton wheel is to be designed for the following specifications: shaft power
P = 9560kW, head H = 350m, Speed N = 750rpm, overall efficiency = 85%, jet
diameter not to exceed 1/6 of wheel diameter. Determine : (a) wheel diameter D,
(b)jet diameter(d) and (c) number of jets (n).Assume coefficient of velocity
Cv = 0.985, Speed ratio (Ku)= 0.45.
(8)
4. (a) With a neat sketch, explain the working of Francis turbine with functions of each part.
(6)
(b) A single stage centrifugal pump running at 1250 rpm, discharges 0.45 m3 of water per
minute producing a head of 15 m. At this speed the pump brake power is 6 kW. What
would be the new discharge and brake power if the pump is made to run at 1450 rpm?
(4)
5.

Two reservoirs are connected by a pipe line consisting of two pipes, one of 20cm
diameter and length 20 m and the other of diameter 30cm and length 12m. If the
difference of water level in the two reservoir is 6m, find the discharge and loss of
head due to friction. Assume Darcy friction factor f = 0.02.
(10)

6. (a) What is dimensional analysis? Explain its significance with an example

(5)

(b) The drag force F acting on a floating vessel moving through a fluid would depend on
speed V, length of the vessel L, density of the fluid , dynamic viscosity of the fluid
and the gravitational acceleration g. Using the method of repeating variables obtain a
dimensionless relationship for F and identify the groups.
(7)
7. (a) A weather balloon is launched into the atmosphere by meteorologists. When the
balloon reaches an altitude where it is neutrally buoyant, it transmits information
about weather conditions to monitoring stations on the ground. Is this a Lagrangian or
Eulerian measurement? Justify.
(2)

(b) A pressurized tank of water has a 10-cm-diameter orifice at the

bottom, where water discharges to the atmosphere. The water level
is 3 m above the outlet. The tank air pressure above the water level
is 300 kPa (absolute) while the atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa.
Neglecting frictional effects, determine the initial discharge rate of
water from the tank.
(8)

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8.

(a) A horizontal water jet from a nozzle of constant exit cross section impinges normally
on a stationary vertical flat plate. A certain force F is required to hold the plate
against the water stream. If the water velocity is doubled, will the necessary holding
force also be doubled? Explain.
(2)
(b) Water is flowing into and discharging from a pipe U-section as shown in the fig. At
flange (1), the total absolute pressure is 200kPa, and 30kg/s flows into the pipe. At
flange (2), the total pressure is 150 kPa. At location (3), 8kg/s of water discharges to
the atmosphere which is at 100kPa. Determine the total x and z forces at the two
flanges connecting the pipe. Take the momentum-flux correction factor to be 1.03. (8)

9. (a)

(b)

The stream function for a flow is given by = xy. Is the flow irrotational? Determine
(i) u, v (ii) the vorticity and (iii) circulation.
(4)
A steady, incompressible, two dimensional velocity field is given by
u 1.1 2.8x 0.65y, v 0.98 2.1x 2.8 y,
Find the expression for acceleration components ax and ay.

(4)

*****

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