Aim of experiment :

To determine the concentration of an external solution that is

isotonic to cell sap of potato cells.

Problem statement :

What is the concentration of external solution which is

isotonic to cell sap of potato cells.

Hypothesis

The higher the concentration of external solution, the lower

the percentage change in the final mass of potato strips.

Manipulated variable :

Concentration of external solution

Responding variable

Percentage change in the final mass of potato strips.

Constant variable :

Volume of solution

Materials

A fresh potato, distilled water, tissue paper, 0.1M, 0.2M,

0.3M, 0.4M, 0.5M, and 0.6M sucrose solutions.

Apparatus

Small beakers, a cork borer, a scapel, a pair of forceps, a

ruler, an electronic balance, and stopwatch.

Technique

The percentage change in the final mass of potato strips is

measured using a electronic balance and recorded in the
table result.

Procedure
and 0.6.

1. Seven small beakers is label as dw, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5,
2. Each small beakers from dw - 0.6 is filled with distilled
water, 0.1M sucrose solution , 0.2M sucrose solution, 0.3M
sucrose solution, 0.4M sucrose solution, 0.5M sucrose
solution, 0.6M sucrose solution.
3.Use a cork borer to remove seven cylindrical strips from a
potato.
4.A scalpel is use to trim the potato to a length of 1cm each.
5.Each potato strip is dry with tissue paper before weighing
it.
6.The potato strips is weigh three by three for each beaker
for the initial mass of potato strips.
7.The set that contain three potato strips each is put on each
beaker that label dw until 0.6.
8.Remove each potato strips from its respective beakers after
20 minit pass and dry it, and weigh it again for final mass of
the potato strips.

9.The result is recorded.

Percentage
change in mass

of potato strips

Final Mass Initial

Mass
=
--------------------------------x 100%
Initial mass of
potato

10.A graph of the percentage change in mass of potato strips

against the concentration of the external(sucrose) solution is
plot.
Precaution step

Do not place the potato strips on the tissue more than 50

seconds.

Teacher signature

_________________________
(NOR HANANIE BT.
ABDULLAH)

Result

:
Concentrat
ion
of external
solution
0.0

Mass of
Potato strip
(g)

0.22

Percentag
e
(%)
difference
8.8

2.74

0.20

7.9

2.18

2.38

0.20

9.2

0.3

2.64

2.84

0.20

7.6

0.4

2.83

3.00

0.17

6.0

0.5

2.61

2.44

- 0.17

- 6.5

0.6

2.53

2.29

- 0.24

- 9.5

Initia
l
2.5

Fina
l
2.72

0.1

2.54

0.2

Differenc
e in
Mass

(distilled
water)

Discussion

The result show that at external concentration of less 0.45M

the cell sap of potato tissue is hypertonic to external(sucrose)
solution. When the external solution is at 0.45M, the sap cell of potato
tissue is isotonic to external(sucrose) solution. If the external(sucrose)
concentration is greater than 0.45M, the cell sap of potato tissue is
hypotonic to external(sucrose) solution. So the texture and
appearance on less than 0.45M is turgid and expanded. The
expanded is hard to see wioth naked eye but we can fell that the
potato strip is getting harder. On the 0.45M solution, the potato strip
maintain it shape and when greater than 0.45M the potato strip
become flaccid and plasmoly. The axes on the graph represent the
change in percentange of the mass of the potato strip. The x axis
represent external solution and the y axis represent the percentage.
The intersect at the zero of the y axis the the way to determine the
isotonic of solution to the cell sap of potato. In the less then 0.45M
,the osmosis occur as the water diffuse into the cell sap. In the greater

then 0.45M ,the osmosis occur as the water diffuse out to the cell sap.
In the 0.45M solution, no net water movement.
Conclusion

Based on the graph, it support the hypothesis and the concentration

of the cell sap of potato tissueis estimated to be 0.45M.The
hypothesis is accepted.