HexPly M21

Epoxy Matrix (180C/356F curing matrix)

Product Data
Description
HexPly M21 is a high performance, very tough epoxy matrix for use in primary aerospace structures. It
exhibits excellent damage tolerance, especially at high energy impacts.
HexPly M21 is a toughened epoxy resin system supplied with unidirectional or woven carbon or glass
fibres.
HexPly M21 was developed as a controlled flow system to operate in environments up at 121C (250F).
Benefits and Features
Excellent toughness, in particular at high energy impact.
High residual compression strength after impact.
Effective translation of fibre properties, especially with intermediate modulus carbon fibre.
Good hot-wet properties up to 150C (302F).
Low exotherm behaviour allowing simple cures of thick structures up to 40mm (1.57).
Good tack life.
HexPly M21 is best suited to press or autoclave cure to obtain optimum mechanical performance from the
cured composite.

Resin Matrix Properties

Gel Time

Rheology

Gel Time (minutes)

cosity/poise

50

Rheometrics dynamic spectrometer

Heat up rate 2C/min

40

30
20
10

0
60

110

160

Temperature C

210

0
140

150

160

170

180

190

Temperature C

200

210

220

180

Temperature

140
160
120
140

1.E+02

120

60
100

150

60

1.E+00

40

25

25

50

50

75

100

Time (minutes)
75
100
125

150

100
125
150
175 correspond to the recommended cure
Time
(minutes)
an75ARES-RDA
Rheometer
and
cycles
overleaf.
All experiments0 were25made50on
C
Pa-s
Pa-s

Time (minutes)

1C/min heat-up rate

3C/min heat-up rate

200 200
180 180
160200
160

50
75
50
75
100100
TimeTime
(minutes)
(minutes)

25

Pa-s Pa-s

50

75

100

125

Time (minutes)

140 140
180
120 120
160
100 100
80 140
80
60 120
60
40 100
40
80
125 125 150
150

175

40

Viscosity

1.E+00

C 15 - 40mm thick
Pa-s
Part
Typical Autoclave Cure Monolithic

1C/min heat-up rate

1.E+05
1.E+051.E+05
1.E+04
1.E+041.E+04
1.E+03
1.E+031.E+03
1.E+02
1.E+02
1.E+02
1.E+01

200
200 180200

25

25
25

50
75
75 (minutes)
100
Time

50

100
125

50 (minutes)
75
100
Time

125

Pa-s (minutes)C
Time

Pa-s

Pa-s

150

150

175

50

1.E+00
1.E+00
1.E+01 0
1.E+00
00

40

1.E+00

Pa-s

Pa-s
Time (minutes)

25

Pa-s
50

75

C 100

Time (minutes)

Pa-s
3C/min heat-up
rate

Viscosity
Viscosity
ViscosityViscosity

Temperature
Temperature

140 120140
120 100
120
100 80
100
80 60
60 40 80
125 60
40

Temperature

Viscosity
Viscosity

Viscosity

1.E+01
1.E+00
1.E+01
0
1.E+00
0
1.E+00

50
50
75
Time (minutes)
Time (minutes)
75
100
125
150

25
0

25

C
Pa-s
Time
Pa-s (minutes)C

Pa-s

160
80

140
60
40
120

8040
75
60 125
100
40
80
200
60

100
175

125

150

175

40

200
200
200
180
180
160
180
200
160
160
140
180
140
120
140
160
120
120
100
140
100
80
100
120
80
8060
100
60
40
60
80
40
75
40
200
125 60
40
150

25
50
7550 100
125
150 100 175
75
Time (minutes)
Time
(minutes)
Time (minutes)
50 Pa-s 75
100
125
C

2550

140
200
120
180
100

100
140
80
120
60
100

25
25

1.E+05
1.E+05
1.E+05
1.E+04
1.E+04
1.E+04
1.E+05
1.E+03
1.E+03
1.E+03
1.E+04
1.E+02
1.E+02
1.E+02
1.E+03
1.E+01
1.E+01
1.E+01
1.E+02

180 160180
160 140160

180
160

140
180
120
160

1.E+02
1.E+03 1.E+02
1.E+04
1.E+01
1.E+02 1.E+01
1.E+03
1.E+00
1.E+01 1.E+00
0
1.E+02 0
1.E+00
0 1.E+01
25

60

200

180
160
200

1.E+03
1.E+04 1.E+03
1.E+05

Viscosity
Viscosity

25 25

200

1.E+05

1.E+04
1.E+05 1.E+04

Temperature
Temperature

Viscosity

Viscosity
Viscosity

1.E+03
1.E+01
1.E+01

1.E+00

1.E+05

Temperature

1.E+04
1.E+04
1.E+05
1.E+03
1.E+03
1.E+04
1.E+02
1.E+02

Viscosity

1.E+05
1.E+05

1.E+02
1.E+00
1.E+00
0
0
1.E+01

200

Pa-s

Part < C
15mm thick
Typical Autoclave Cure Monolithic
Pa-s

175

Temperature

1.E+00

125

60
80
40
60
12540

Temperature

Time (minutes)

1.E+01
1.E+00

80

Temperature
Temperature

25
50
75
Cure Cycle Viscosity
Profiles

100

40

100
120
80
100

1.E+02
1.E+01

Temperature
Temperature
Temperature
Temperature

1.E+01
0

1.E+03
1.E+02

140

100
80

Temperature

1.E+00

1.E+04
1.E+03

160

HexPly M21

1.E+02 1.E+03
1.E+01

180
200
160
180

1.E+05
1.E+04

180

140
120

200

1.E+05

200

160

1.E+03 1.E+04
Viscosity

Viscosity

1.E+04 1.E+05

Temperature
Temperature

200

Viscosity
Viscosity

1.E+05

Typical Autoclave Cure Sandwich Parts

1.E+00

25
0

50

75

50 Time (minutes)
75

25

100

Time (minutes)
Pa-s
50
75
100
Pa-s

100

125

C
Time (minutes)

150

125

175

200

Temperature

1.E+01
1.E+02
1.E+00

100
80

1.E+00
1.E+01
0
1.E+00

60
40

25
25

25

50

100
C

100

75

80
100 140
60
80 120
40
60 100
80
40 125
125

60
40

200

1.E+05

180
160
should

1.E+04

75

C
Pa-s
Time (minutes)
Pa-s

200

Lay-up

75

Time (minutes)
50

Time (minutes)
50 Pa-s

Pa-s

Prepreg
1.E+05

125

1.E+02
1.E+03
1.E+01

180

100
80

1.E+03

Viscosity

Viscosity

1.E+04
1.E+05 the best laminate quality, the 1st ply
To achieve
be 200
vacuum debulked
to the mould at room temperature. Vacuum debulking
160
140
180air trapped
1.E+03
140
of subsequent plies may be necessary to ensure removal
of
during the lay-up process. The frequency of debulking
1.E+03
1.E+04
120
160
120
depends
on
part
size
and
complexity.
1.E+02
1.E+01

1.E+00

1.E+02

1.E+01

1.E+00

25
0

50

75

100

Time (minutes)

25

Pa-s

50

75

125
100

60
40

140
120
100
80

125

60
40

1.E+02

100
80

1.E+01

1.E+00

25

Time (minutes)

50

75

60
40

Viscosity

25

Temperature
Temperature

Temperature

0
1.E+01

120

Temperature

1.E+00

80 60
60 40
150
40

Viscosity

1.E+01 1.E+02
1.E+00

200

180
180 160
140
160 200
120
140 180
100
120 160
200

1.E+03
1.E+04
1.E+02

Temperature

00

1.E+02
1.E+03
1.E+01

Temperature

20

Temperature

40

Temperature

1.E+03 1.E+04
1.E+02

3C/min heat-up rate

1.E+04
1.E+05
1.E+03

160 140 200

140 120 180
120 100 160
100 80 140

Viscosity

60

1.E+05

1.E+05
1.E+04

Viscosity
Viscosity

1.E+04 1.E+05
1.E+03

Temperature
Viscosity

80

Viscosity

00

200

200 180
180 160

1C/min heat-up rate

Viscosity

1.E+05

1.E+05
1.E+04

HexPly M21

Cured Unidirectional Prepreg Properties

Nomenclature: resin/resin content by weight (%)/fibre weight (gsm)/fibre type
Physical Properties
Units
Fibre
Weave/UD

M21/35.5%/

M21/35%/

M21/35%/

M21/35%/

M21/35%/

190/IM7GS

134/T700GC

268/T700GC

198/T800S

268/T800S

IM7GS

T700GC

T700GC

T800S

T800S

UD

UD

UD

UD

UD

Fibre Mass

g/m

190

134

268

198

268

Nominal Prepreg Mass

g/m2

295

206

412

305

412

Nominal Cured Ply Thickness

0.188 (0.0074) 0.131 (0.0052) 0.262 (0.0103) 0.193 (0.0076) 0.262 (0.0103)

mm (inch)

Nominal Fibre Volume

56.9

57.0

56.9

56.9

56.6

Resin Density

g/cm (lbs/ft )

Fibre Density

g/cm3 (lbs/ft3)

1.78 (111.1)

1.80 (112.4)

1.80 (112.4)

1.80 (112.4)

1.80 (112.4)

Nominal Laminate Density

g/cm (lbs/ft )

1.56 (97.4)

1.58 (98.6)

1.58 (98.6)

1.58 (98.6)

1.58 (98.6)

Temp

M21/35.5%/

M21/35%/

M21/35%/

M21/35%/

M21/35%/

C (F)

190/IM7GS

134/T700GC

268/T700GC

198/T800S

268/T800S

1.28 (79.9)

Mechanical Properties
Units
Glass Transistion

C (F)

203 (397)

Temperature
Method
ILSS

AITM 1.0003 DMA extrapolated onset E

MPa (ksi)

23 (73)

Method

121 (17.5)

113 (16.4)

ASTM 2344

105 (15.2)

96 (13.9)

90 (13.1)

EN 2563

Compression Strength

MPa (ksi)

23 (73)

1847 (268)

1461 (212)

1465 (212)

1657 (240)

1669 (242)

Compression Modulus

GPa (msi) 23 (73)

154 (22.3)

118 (17.1)

119 (17.3)

139 (20.2)

136 (19.7)

Method

BMS 8-276

EN 2850B

Tensile Strength

MPa (ksi)

23 (73)

2956 (429)

2314 (336)

2375 (344)

2981 (432)

3039 (441)

Tensile Modulus

GPa (msi) 23 (73)

166 (24.1)

147 (21.3)

148 (21.5)

170 (24.7)

172 (24.9)

BMS 8-276

EN 2561A

EN 2561A

EN 2561B

EN 2561B

Method
23 (73)

In-plane Shear Strength

MPa (ksi)

In-plane Shear Modulus

GPa (msi) 23 (73)

Method
Open Hole Tension

112 (16)

95 (14)

94 (14)

79 (11)

4.7 (0.68)

4.5 (0.65)

4.8 (0.70)

5.0 (0.73)

BMS 8-276
MPa (ksi)

23 (73)

Method (25/50/25) (gross section)

Open Hole Compression

4.6 (0.67)

MPa (ksi)

532 (77)

AITM 1.0002
410 (59)

393 (57)

325 (47)

292 (42)

BMS 8-276
23 (73)

Method (25/50/25) (gross section)

318 (46)

562 (81)

317 (46)

306 (44)

AITM 1.0007

BMS 8-276

AITM 1.0008

340 (49.3)

MPa (ksi) 23 (73)

245 (35.5)

224 (32.5)

190 (27.6)

168 (24.4)

Class 1 impact @30.5J

MPa (ksi)

CAI @ 0.3mm BVID

23 (73)

530 (77)

(relaxed)
CAI @ 1.0mm BVID

MPa (ksi)

23 (73)

222 (32.2)

201 (29.1)

CAI @ 30J

MPa (ksi)

23 (73)

240 (34.8)

239 (34.7)

237 (34.4)

216 (31.3)

Method

BMS 8-276

AITM 1.0010

HexPly M21

Cured Woven Prepreg Properties

Nomenclature : resin/resin content by weight (%)/reinforcement reference/width (mm)
Physical Properties
Units

M21/40%/46280

M21/37%/7581

M21/45%/120

HTA 6K

E-glass

E-glass

2x2 Twill

8HS

4HS

285

300

106

Fibre
Weave/UD
Fibre Mass

g/m2

Nominal Prepreg Mass

g/m

475

476

193

mm (inch)

0.31 (0.0122)

0.255 (0.010)

0.109 (0.004)

52.2

46.0

37.9

Nominal Cured Ply Thickness

Nominal Fibre Volume
Resin Density

g/cm3 (lbs/ft3)

Fibre Density

g/cm3 (lbs/ft3)

1.76 (109.9)

2.56 (159.8)

2.56 (159.8)

Nominal Laminate Density

g/cm3 (lbs/ft3)

153 (95.5)

1.87 (116.8)

1.77 (110.5)

M21/45%/120

1.28 (79.9)

Mechanical Properties

ILSS

Units

Temp C (F)

M21/40%/46280

M21/37%/7581

MPa (ksi)

23 (73)

72 (10.4)

75 (10.8)

Method

EN 2563

60 (8.7)
EN 2377

Compression Strength

MPa (ksi)

23 (73)

888 (129)

692 (weft) (100)

674 (weft) (90)

Compression Modulus

GPa (msi)

23 (73)

63.4 (9.2)

EN 2850B

Tensile Strength

MPa (ksi)

23 (73)

881 (128)

444 (64)

320 (weft) (46)

Tensile Modulus

GPa (msi)

23 (73)

72.1 (10.5)

25.5 (3.7)

24.8 (weft) (3.6)

EN 2597B

EN 2597B

EN 2747

Method

Method
In-plane Shear Strength

MPa (ksi)

23 (73)

106 (15)

99 (14)

In-plane Shear Modulus

GPa (msi)

23 (73)

4.4 (0.64)

4.4 (0.64)

AITM 1.0002

AITM 1.0002

MPa (ksi)

23 (73)

320 (46)

Method
Open Hole Tension

Method (25/50/25) (gross section)

Open Hole Compression

MPa (ksi)

AITM 1.0007

426 (62)

23 (73)

AITM 1.0008

MPa (ksi)

23 (73)

263 (38.1)

CAI @ 1.0mm BVID

MPa (ksi)

23 (73)

245 (35.5)

CAI @ 30J

MPa (ksi)

23 (73)

273 (39.6)

AITM 1.0010

Method (25/50/25) (gross section)

CAI @ 0.3mm BVID
(relaxed)

Method

Results for UD and Woven prepregs after an autoclave cure at 180C for 120 minutes.
Data normalised to Vf = 60% (Carbon) 50% (Glass), except for ILSS & IPS.
Woven samples tested in the warp direction.
Nominal cured ply thickness quoted is based on zero bleed and is determined using the fibre weight, resin content and resin &
fibre density. Data quoted is for comparison only
Cured Matrix Properties
Flexural Strength 147 MPa (21.3 ksi)

Flexural Strain 5%

Flexural Modulus 3.5 GPa (0.51msi)

Method ISO 178

Epoxy Matrix (180C/356F curing matrix)

Prepreg Curing Conditions

Typical Autoclave Cure Monolithic Part
< 15mm thick
1. Apply full vacuum (1 bar).
2. Apply 7 bar gauge autoclave pressure.
3. Reduce vacuum to a safety value of 0.2
bar when the autoclave pressure reaches ~
1 bar gauge.
4. Heat-up at 1-3C/minute (2-8F/minute) to
180C 5C (356F 9F).
5. Hold at 180C 5C (356F 9F) for 120
minutes 5 minutes.
6. Cool at 2-5C/minute (4-9F/minute).
7. Vent autoclave pressure when the component reaches 60C (140F) or below.

Temperature

Pressure

Temperature

Pressure

7 bar

180C
Dwell for
120 minutes

Temperature
180C

7 bar

Pressure
Dwell for
120 minutes

-0.2
7
barbar

180C

Vacuum

Dwell for
120 minutes

Typical Autoclave Cure Monolithic Part

15 - 40mm thick
1. Apply full vacuum (1 bar).
2. Apply 7 bar gauge autoclave pressure.
3. Reduce vacuum to a safety value of 0.2
bar when the autoclave pressure reaches ~
1 bar gauge.
4. Heat-up at 0.5-1C/minute
(1-2F/minute) to 150C 5C (302F 9F).
5. Hold at 150C 5C (302F 9F) for 180
minutes 5 minutes.
6. Heat-up at 0.5 1C/minute (1-2F/minute) to
180C 5 C (356F 9F).
7. Hold at 180C 5C (356F 9F) for 120
minutes 5 minutes.
8. Cool at 2-5C/minute (4-9F/minute).
9. Vent autoclave pressure when the component reaches 60C (140F) or below.

-0.2 bar

Temperature

Pressure
Vacuum

Temperature

Pressure -0.2 bar

7 bar

Vacuum

180C
150C

7 bar

Temperature
180C
150C

Dwell for 180 minutes at

150C, then for 120
minutes at 180C

Pressure

Dwell for 180 minutes at

150C, then for 120
minutes at 180C

-0.2
7
barbar
Vacuum

180C
150C

-0.2 bar

Dwell for 180 minutes at

150C, then for 120
minutes at 180C
Temperature

Vacuum

Pressure

-0.2 bar

Temperature

Typical Autoclave Cure Sandwich Structure

Honeycomb or Foam
1. Apply 0.3 bar maximum vacuum.
2. Do not apply autoclave pressure.
3. Heat-up at 1-3C/minute (2-8F/minute) to
135C 5C (275F 9F).
4. Hold at 135C 5C (275F 9F) for 60
minutes 5 minutes.
5. After 60 minutes at 135C (275F), apply 2-3
bar gauge autoclave pressure (dependent
on core density).
6. Remove vacuum when the autoclave
pressure reaches ~ 1 bar gauge.
7. Heat-up at 1 3C/minute (2-8F/minute) to
180C 5 C (356F 9F).
8. Hold at 180C 5C (356F 9F) for 120
minutes 5 minutes.
9. Cool at 2-5C/minute (4-9F/minute).
10. Vent autoclave pressure when the component reaches 60C (140F) or below.

Dwell for 60 minutes at 135C,

then for 120 minutes at 180C

Vacuum
Pressure

180C

135C
Temperature
180C

Dwell for 60 minutes at 135C,

then for 120 minutes at 180C

Pressure 2-3 bar

135C

Dwell for 60 minutes at 135C,

then for 120 minutes at 180C

2-3 bar

-0.3 bar

180C
Vacuum

135C

-0.3 bar
2-3 bar
Vacuum

-0.3 bar
Vacuum

HexPly M21

Product Data

Prepreg Storage Life

Tack Life:

15 days at RT (23C/73F)

Out Life:

30 days at RT (23C/73F)

Shelf Life:

12 months at 18C (0F) (from date of manufacture)

Definitions:
Shelf Life:

The maximum storage life for HexPly Prepreg, upon receipt by the customer, when stored
continuously, in a sealed moisture-proof bag, at 18C (0F) to accurately establish the exact
expiry date, consult the box label.

Tack Life:

The time, at room temperature, during which prepreg retains enough tack for easy component
lay-up.

Out Life:

The maximum accumulated time allowed at room temperature between removal from the
freezer and cure.

HexPly M21 prepregs should be stored as received in a cool dry place or in a refrigerator. After removal
from refrigerator storage, prepreg should be allowed to reach room temperature before opening the polythene bag, thus preventing condensation (A full reel in its packaging can take up to 48 hours).
Precautions For Use
The usual precautions when handling uncured synthetic resins and fibrous materials should be observed,
and a Safety Data Sheet is available for this product. The use of clean, disposable, inert gloves provides
protection for the operator and avoids contamination of material and components.

Important
All information is believed to be accurate but is given without acceptance of liability. Users should make their own
assessment of the suitability of any product for the purposes required. All sales are made subject to our standard terms
of sale which include limitations on liability and other important terms.

Copyright Hexcel
Publication FTA002c (March 2007)

For More Information

Hexcel is a leading worldwide supplier of composite materials to aerospace and other demanding industries. Our
comprehensive product range includes:
n Carbon Fibre
n RTM Materials
n Honeycomb Cores

n Structural Film Adhesives

n Honeycomb Sandwich Panels
n Special Process Honeycombs

n Continuous Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastics

n Carbon, glass, aramid and hybrid prepregs
n Reinforcement Fabrics
For US quotes, orders and product information call toll-free 1-800-688-7734
For other worldwide sales office telephone numbers and a full address list please go to:
http://www.hexcel.com/contact/salesoffices