Professional Documents
Culture Documents
USN
Max. Marks: 1 00
Note'. Answer FIVE full questions, selecting
at least TWO questions from each part.
1a.
E
.!
b.
2a.
b.
c.
3a.
PART
-A
(08 Mart<s)
(08 Martrs)
(04 Marks)
Bringout the nature and impoftance of planning. Explain the different forms of planning.
What are the types of decisions? Explain with example.
Explain the various problems that the managers faces while making
(10 Marks)
(04 Marks)
decisions.
What is span of management? Explain the various factors that govem the span of
management.
b.
o;
c.
4a.
b.
c.
(06 Marks)
(08 Marks)
(08 Marks)
(06 Marks)
(0,6
b.
PART - B
Explain the qualities of an entrepreneur.
Mention the parameters which decided the quality of
c.
entrepreneurship.
Discuss the role of entrepreneur in the economic
5a.
6a.
b.
a-.
\J<
b.
.'i
8a.
-..i
::
z
E
o
b.
Marks)
c':"'l
Ll
rr-
development.'Y1,:2
(05 Marks)
Define small scale industry, Ancillary industry and Tiny industry with advantages of each.
What are the characteristics of small scale industries? Explain.
(12 Marks)
(08 Marks)
(10 Marks)
(10 Marks)
Explain the various guidelines provided by the planning commission for preparation of
project report.
Explain the various methods of project appraisal.
(10 Marks)
(10 Marks)
06rs81
USN
Software Testing
Time: 3 hrs.
PART-A
I a. Distinguish between errors, faults and failures. Mention examples of errors in various fields
I
+-aoll
b.
2 a.
E;
tc
of human endeavor.
Explain with a neat diagram, a test and debug cycle.
(10 Marks)
(10 Marks)
What is control flow graph? Explain how to construct CFG for the following program:
l. begin
2. int x, y, power;
3. float z ;
4. input (x, y) ;
5. if (y<0)
6. power = -y ;
7. else
8. power=y;
9. z=
bd
ll.z=z*x:
0) [
12.power=power-l;
.13.)
14. if (y < 0)
15.2= /, I
->i
'i .
b.
(10 Marks)
of
E=
-qE
U<
z
E
of the software
(10 Marks)
a.
b.
List informaland rigorously specified rgquirements test selection techniques. (04 Marks)
Explain the systematic procedure for equivalence partitioning by considering a boiler control
c.
What is category-partition method? Write a diagram which illustrates the different steps in
system.
(10 Marks)
4 a.
b.
c.
(06 Marks)
What is cause-effect graphing? Give the generic procedure for the generation of tests using
cause-effect
graphing.
(06 Marks)
(06 Marks)
Explain missing or extra Boolean variable faults by giving an example.
Give a procedure for generating a minimal constraint set from a predicate possibly
(08 Marks)
containing non singular expressions.
I of
06rs81
PART-B
5 a.
b.
i)
iD
(10 Marks)
6a.
b.
7a.
b.
8a.
b.
(10 Marks)
(10
Ma*s)
What is adequacy criterion? Explain how adequacy criteria are just imperfect but useful
(10 Ma*s)
indicators of inadequacies by giving your own project example.
What is scaffolding? Explain generic versus specific scaffolding by giving relevant
(10 Ma*s)
examples.
Explain core steps of SRET by giving block diagram.
Discuss and compare systern, acceptance and regression testing.
2of2
(10 Marks)
(10 Marks)
06cs62
USN
Time: 3 hrs.
Note'. Answer FIVE full questions, selecting
at least TWO questions .from each part.
PART
e
t9
.,.
.9.!
I a.
b.
c.
a.
b.
a.
b.
(10 Marks)
Explain the working of the open function with the prototype.
How do you access and modify the time stamps of a file? Explain the prototype and write a
program to illustrate the usage ofthe prototype.
(10 Marks)
a.
b.
(06 Marks)
Explain the memory layout of a C program.
What are ttre APIS to query and change the resource limits. List the rules that govem the
(0E Mart(s)
changing of the resource limits.
(06 Marks)
Explain with a neat block diagram UNIX process data structure.
c.
PART
-a
ii
5E
5d
Marks)
Marks)
(10 Marks)
(10 Marks)
-B
6 a.
What is the use of the alam API? Give the prototype of alarm API. How can the alarm API
(0E Marks)
be used to implement the sleep API?
(06 Marks)
List the timer manipulation APIS in POSIC. I b.
(06 Marks)
Explain the three ways to generate log messages.
b.
c.
a.
z
Marhs)
5 a.
b.
c.
7 a.
b.
c.
-i ^i
-A
b.
(08 Marks)
Marks)
(04 Marks)
(0E
(08 Marks)
(06 Marks)
(06 Marks)
What is Byte ordering? Explain the two types of ordering. Explain the APIS to convert
between the processor byte order and the network byte for TCP?IP applications. (12 Marks)
(08 Marks)
Explain the following APIS with prototypes listen ( ) and accept ( ).
IJ
II
ta
tl
I
06cs64
USN
Gomputer Networks - ll
Max. Marks:100
Time: 3 hrs-
Notez Answer
i
-+
E
le
.
9
o.0
Ed
et
g-t
La
=L
-a;
'E!=
E6
o;
<;a
o;
6E
PART
c.
zo
i
(04 Marks)
3 a.
b.
c.
What do you mean by tunneling? Briefly explain the changes from IPv4 to IPv6. (08 Marks)
With a neat diagram, explain three-way handshake for connection establishment in TCP.
4 a.
b.
c.
(08 Marks)
(04 Marks)
(08 Marks)
(07 Marks)
(05 Marks)
PART-B
5 a.
Define network management. Discuss the interactions between the SNMP management
b.
c.
(08 Marks)
station and SNMP agent.
(06 Marks)
Explain the security attacks and security goals.
Explain the Diffie-Hellman exchange for secret key generation. What are its weaknesses?
(06 Marks)
6 a.
;.i
(08 Marks)
2 a. Explain the techniques for closed-loop congestion control.
b. A university has 150 LANs with 100 hosts in each LAN. Design an appropriate subnet
(06 Marks)
addressing scheme if the university has one class B address.
(06 Marks)
c. Explain the Ilagmentation and reassembly in IP network.
Ebi]
ei
oi
-A
I a. With examples, differentiate between datagram and virtual circuit packet switching.
(06 Marks)
b. Define routing. With an example, explain the Bellman-Ford algorithm for shortest-path
(10 Marks)
routing.
b.
c.
Explain the various types of resources allocation scheme by specifying the parameters for
(08 Marks)
classification.
(08 Marks)
List the benefits of creating VPNs. Explain VPN types.
(M Marks)
Write a short note on traffic engineering.
7 a.
b.
c.
8 a.
b.
c.
(06 Marks)
(06 Marks)
(08 Marks)
(07 Marks)
(07 Marks)
(06 Marks)
06cs6s
USN
**"'ir;:":if
{{o'{Ii,l:::'#:*:'::;'tr".
PART
I a.
b.
c.
I
7.
:h
(04 Marks)
Briefly explain any two applications of computer graphics.
for
the
expression
Also
derive
Explain the concept of pinhole camera of an imaging system.
(06
Marks)
angle of view.
Discuss the graphics pipeline architecture, with the help of a functional schematic diagram.
(10 Marks)
2a.
(04 Marks)
With the help of a diagram, describe the open GL interface.
(06 Marks)
model.
color
model;
ii)
Indexed
Write
i)
RGB
color
b.
explanatory notes on:
gasket
comments.
with
relevant
c. Write an open GL recursive program for 2D-sierpinski
(10 Marks)
:^
3 a.
o;
te
b.
c.
4 a.
Eca
b.
->ts
ae
5 a.
?.9
q;
b.
!g.e.
6 a.
b.
c.
rJ<
devices.
include.
rectangle.
Explain the procedure involved in transforming the world frame to camera,/eye fiame using
(10 Marks)
the model view matrix.
coordinate
homogeneous
program
the
use
of
to demonstrate
Write an open GL
transformations and simple data structure for representing a rotating cube with color
interpolation.
!E
What are the two major characteristics that describe the logical behavior ofan input device?
(08 Marks)
Explain the different clauses of logical input
(04 Marks)
List the various features that a good interactive program should
rectangle
and
to
draw
a
program,
hierarchical
means,
to
demonstrate
the
Write an open GL
(08
Marks)
to increase or decrease the size ofthe
(10 Marks)
PART-B
Define and represent the following 2-D transformations in homogeneous coordinate system:
(12 Marks)
i) Translation; ii) Rotation; iii) Scaling; iii) Reflection.
(08 Marks)
What is concatenation transformation? Explain rotation about a fixed
point.
removal.
At;
ii)
gluPerspective.
viewing.
(06 Marks)
(04 Marks)
(10 Marks)
7 a. Describe any two types of light sources that are sufficient for rendering most simple scenes.
(04 Marks)
(08 Marks)
b. Discuss the phing-lighting model.
c. What are the different methods available for shading a polygon? Discuss any two. (08 Marks)
8a.
b.
c.
(08 Marks)
(04 Marks)
(08 Marks)
O6C5/T5663
USN
Data Gompression
Time: 3 hrs.
Note: Answer FIVE full questions, selecting
at least TWO questions from each part.
E
PART
1a.
b.
c.
-A
,:sfi&b
ft-.*{YZ
d.
fie
2a.
c\
b.
st
lz-ti
i=l
(08 Marks)
i) (0,0r, r0, il l)
ii) t0,0l,ll, illl.
(04 Marfts)
Design a minimum variance Huffman code for a source whose letters are chosen from the
alphabet [ = {a1, a2, a3, aa, a5} with p(ar) = 0.3, p(a2) = 0.16, p(a3) = 0.12, p(a4) = 0.205 and
(10 Marks)
p(as) = 0.1z. Verify Kraft-Mc Millan inequality.
Encode the following sequence using LZW algorithm:
I
xI
I l.
x y z z yfr x y z z y/x y z z y/xy zzy
y,
dictionary
initially looks as follows:
is
x,
z}.TheLZW
The alphabet for the source
{!,1,
!x l!
Index
Entry
..,
l/x
x
(10 Marks)
ts
3a.
Give an algorithm used by CALIC to form the initial prediction and explain this algorithm.
(06 Marks)
b.
og
--.i
z
E
..i
C.
(04 Marks)
Briefly explain run-length coding.
Explain quantization problem by considering a quantizer with eight reconstruction values.
d.
Explain
4 a.
b.
c.
(0,6
With
Marks)
(04 Marks)
istortion criterion.
(06 Marks)
the
distribution is known. Show how this algqrithm can be generalized to the case where a
(07 Marks)
training set is available.
(07 Marks)
With an example, explain how basic differential encoding algorithm works.
1of 2
O6C5/15663
PART
5 a. With all necessary mathematical details, discuss discrete Fourier transform and device the
expresslon
b.
6 a.
b.
c.
b.
Nft.
(l0 Marks)
N
2za +1
223
-5zz + 4z-I
(10 Marks)
By considering the example ofencoding the sequence of values Ixn] given below, explain in
detail how subband coding works.
10 14 10 12
12.
(08 Marks)
Define the following terms:
Filter
Finite impulse response (FIR) filters.
Number of taps in the filter.
Infinite impulse response (IIR) filters.
(M Marks)
Consider a filter with ao = 1 and br = 0.6. If the input sequence {x,l is given by
14814 l2 10810
i)
iD
iii)
iv)
[l
[0
7a.
,2nkn
x," = { ^
d.
I !-.1
t- =- ) f;er-.
n=o
n+O^
filter?
Briefly explain bit allocation.
(04 Marks)
(04 Marks)
1)
(08 Marks)
Zh-=J,
k
iil
Ir,? =r
k
iii)
a.
b.
=6m
lhnh*_r.
k
(12 Marks)
((n Marts)
(07 Marks)
(06 Marks)
2of2
I
06CS/I5663
USN
Data Gompress:on
Max. Marks:100
Time: 3 hrs.
PART
1a.
b.
c.
-,
-A
(04 Marks)
Distinguish between lossless compression and lossy compression.
Define i(A), the self information associated with an event A. If A and B are independent
(04 Marks)
events, prove *rat i(AB) = i(A) + i(B).
iquely
Let C be a code with N code words whose lengths a:re h, lz. /1,......=ls.-It_C is unique
l'a\F
N
'^\
Marks)
decodable, prove that Yr/i''
..,,) \
,.'a
i.z .1.
d.
oB
E,9
zd
2 a.
b.
.>d
,,'"ip-{l;)1osru"*
/
!,;\
{t
i';i
ii
r;i :;::;;;
tr,;+xrv 7+
i
i) t0,01, l10, l r1 )
ii) {0,0l,ll,llr}.
,\--'
"\l 'it
tqc.iR
Marks)
from the
Design a minimum variance Huffman code for a source whose
atphabet A = [ar, az, a3, aa, a5] with p(a1) = 0.3, p(az) = 0.16, p(a:) =O.l2,p(ai = 0'205 and
(10 Mar&s)
p(as) = 0.17. Verify KrafrMc Millan inequality.
Encode the following sequence using LZW algorithm:
xl
I l.
x-y z zyl xy z zy!xy z zy/ x y z zy!x I
The alphabet for the source is $,1, x, y, z].TheLZW dictionary initially looks as follows:
l/
lndex I 2
Entry .b v
llx
3
7.
4
I
x
(10 Mad<s)
3 a.
b.
c.
og
(-)
<
--.i.i
o
d.
4a.
h.
ts
Give an algorithm used by CALIC to form the initial prediction and explain this algorithm.
(06 Marks)
(04 Marks)
Briefly explain run-length coding.
Explain quantization problem by considering a quantizer with eight reconstruction values.
(06 Marks)
(04 Marks)
Explain distortion criterion.
c.
(06 Marks)
quantizer
that the
generate
pdf-optimized
assuming
scalar
Give Lloyd algorithm to
distribution is known. Show how this algorithm can be generalized to the case where a
(07 Marks)
training set is available.
(07 Marks)
works.
With an example, explain how basic differential encoding algorithm
With
1of 2