Biodiversity under Threat-CASE STUDIES

CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL: Biodiversity Management StrategiesE.g. Amapa, a Brazilian Statethe Amapa Biodiversity Corridor was created
-The longest continuous protected forest area covers 70% of the state
-Established in 2003, contains national parks and protected species
-Social and economic development must occur alongside conservation

Support sustainable economy arrangements

Strengthen sustainable production of fish and timber
Sustainable use of the states natural resources

E.g. Eastern Tropical Pacific SeascapeCosta Rica, Ecuador, Panama and

Colombia, covering 2 million km2
-Area is important for commercial fishing, tourism and shipping
-Mangroves protect people from soil erosion and extreme weather events, also
holding nurseries for commercial species, such as clams and carbon storage
-Fisheries operate unsustainably and there is over fishing
-Loss of keystone species, i.e. the cobster, vital for the ecosystem

Work with communities to sustainably fish

Technical and organisational assistance in the development of this area
Funding is needed to stop governments from allowing over fishing

E.g. Liberias Nimbar Mountainsmined to get expensive ore

Empowers local communities to share economic benefits of mining

Encourage the protection of the natural resources they rely on
Identify alternative livelihood investments
Promote sustainable jobs and work with governments

Cevennes National Park-Biosphere Reserve--A biodiversity hotspot under threat

Biosphere reserve- Core and periphery areas that are highly managed
-Managed by a public body
-Small scale, less species than bigger biosphere reserves
-Became a biosphere reserve in 1985 by UNESCO
-Large population living in the core zone
-Stretches to 3 different departments in France
AIMS

Development of tourism potential

Ecotourism
Hiking and outdoor sports
Eco-museums and information centres

USED FOR forestry and cattle farming, so economic gain is high in this area
RE-INTRODUCTION PROGRAMME SUCCESSEuropean Bison Reserve:
-40 European bison existed in 1923
-The reserve currently holds up to 42 bison and provides an environment similar
to what the bison would have had
Przewalski Horse:
-Last remaining wild horse species
-The Cevennes breeding centre teaches the horses how to live in the wild
The Golden Eagle:
-Numbers have dropped because dead livestock has reduced and shooting and
electrocution of the eagles has occurred
The Griffon Vulture:
-280 resting couples in 2010 thanks to the re-introduction scheme
GROUPS

PNC action on special interest habitats and species

The management of hunting
The management of forested areas

Maya Biosphere Reserve, Guatemala-1990 made a biosphere reserve by the government

-In Central America, it is the worlds largest interrupted tropical rainforest north
of the Amazon
-Divided into national protected areas, protected areas where harvesting trees
and other resources is prohibited, and multi-use zones where sustainable
harvesting wood and non-timber products is allowed
-Many community operations occur, including organizing forestry businesses into
concessions that are certified to Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)
-Products coming out of the forest have to be extracted in a responsible manner
-Theres been less deforestation and wildfires

DIFFICULTIES

Locals have different needs, dont want to conserve biodiversity over

economic gain
Logging and poaching may still occur illegally