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ABSTRACT
In VapourCompresion Refrigeration System (VCRS) evaporator is the component where the actual cooling takes place. It is the
space from which the actual COP of refrigeration system is calculated. Generally in evaporator heat transfers in the form of
latent heat where a refrigerant in liquid state is converted into vapour state by absorbing heat in the form of latent heat[2].
Evaporator is also called chiller. In this research paper the technique to measure the reliability of evaporator for fifteen years if
its life span is given on the basis of Modeling and Simulation on VENSIM-PLE Software.
1.INTRODUCTION
The evaporators used in VCRS must fulfill the following requirements
(a). The temperature difference between the refrigerant and cooling substance should be very small when refrigerant
absorbs heat. For this purpose the surface area of evaporative/cooling coil is kept large in basic design[3].
(b). It should have sufficient space that the liquid refrigerant completely changes into vapour form.
(c). The space provided inside the evaporator should be such that the refrigerant an flow easily even for very small
pressure difference between evaporator inlet and evaporator outlet[1].
The amount of het transferred by evaporator can be given by the following equation;
Q= U A (t2 - t1)
Where; U = Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient
A = Surface area of evaporator
t2 = Temperature of the medium to be cooled
t1 = Saturation Temperature of refrigerant at evaporator pressure
Some important causes which can affect the performance of evaporator are:
The material of High Conductivity
Non corrosive with refrigerant
Eg. Evaporators made of iron or steel can be used for any type of refrigerant.
Evaporators made of brass or copper can be used for any refrigerant except
ammonia .
Evaporators made of aluminum can be used for any refrigerant except brass and
Freon.
The temperature difference between refrigerant and the product to be cooled should not increase to 80C.
The evaporators performance is much affected by the velocity of refrigerant flowing inside the evaporator. On
increasing the velocity of the refrigerant , the pressure difference between inlet and outlet also increases which may
produce adverse effect. Therefore the velocity of different refrigerant should be optimized or according to the
recommended in data book[4].
Even it is seen that the wall thickness of evaporative coil does not affect much more to the performance or heat
transfer rate of evaporator because the material used for its manufacturing is already of high thermal conductivity.
The contact surface area of evaporative coil is another important factor which affects the heat transfer capacity or
effectiveness of evaporator. In the design of evaporator the exposure of coil surface area should be more as much as
possible according to its physical shape and size[3].
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av
(C)
av
(L)
No. of complaints
Where i = -----------------------------------(Max. Yr. No. )* 100
i
---------------------------14
i
---------------------------9
i
av
(B)
---------------------------12
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In modeling the reliability of components of evaporator is considered as it decays exponentially with time.
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6. CONCLUSION
It is confirmed from the above data recorded for last fifteen years that major problems arise in evaporator due to the
choking of evaporative coil. Therefore the reliability of evaporator mainly depends on the proper and healthy
functioning of evaporative coil. If there is a need of increase in the reliability of evaporator, first it is important to
modify the evaporative coil.
REFERENCES
[1]. Cullimore, B; Optimization, Data Correlation, and Parametric Analysis Features in SINDA/FLUINT; SAE981574.
[2]. Cullimore, B; Reliability Engineering and Robust Design: New Methods for Thermal/Fluid Engineering; C&R
White Paper, www.crtech.com, March 2000.
[3]. Optimisation of Industrial Refrigeration Plants https://txspace.tamu.edu/bitstream/handle/1969.1/ 5624/ESL-IE06-05-09.pdf?sequence=1
[4]. [Pham, 2005] Pham, Q. T. (2005). Modelling heat and mass transfer in frozen foods: a review. Int. J.
Refrigeration, 29:876 888.
[5]. [Powell, 2002] Powell, P. (2002). In search of energy efciency. Air Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration
News, 217(10):17.
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