VOL. 2, NO.

12, December 2011

ISSN 2079-8407

Journal of Emerging Trends in Computing and Information Sciences

2009-2011 CIS Journal. All rights reserved.

http://www.cisjournal.org

Password Based Rotational Multistory Car Parking System

Nayab Suhail Hamirani, Imdad Ali Ismaili, Asad Ali Shaikh, Faheem Ahmed, Azhar Ali Shah
University of Sindh Jamshoro
{nayab_hamirani@yahoo.com, iai_a@yahoo.com, dr.asadshaikh@yahoo.com, faheemraja.lakho@gmail.com
aas_lakyari@hotmail.com}

ABSTRACT
Parking is a big issue in thickly populated areas and in larger cities due to heavy traffic. This intended application of
rotational multistory parking system effectively minimizes this issue. It results in less space and more secure parking.
ATMEL microcontroller is used as main processor while LCD and motors are as complimentary components for display
and rotation The model is based on circular mechanism giving low cost, less space and optimum performance. Password
locking system is used to verify the object and detects number of free spaces available in the parking lot. The world has
become a global market and numbers of vehicles are also increased to an uncontrollable situation. Keeping this problem
the intended model is designed. Password locking system embedded in the work has made the parking of vehicles very
much secure.
Keywords: Password based security, Microcontroller, DC gear motor, Regular IC & Express PCB

1. INTRODUCTION
The aim of the work is to design an Automatic
multistoried car parking system which can help common
public to park their vehicles in less space and secure
environment. Due to dense population in the modern era
parking space has been one of the major issues when ever
certain infrastructure is created. An innovation to design
something which can avoid the wastage of space in big
companies and apartments was needed.. However, such
kind of projects are developed but the main issue is they
are linear and not secure though are multistory. So using
Microcontroller we ensured password locking facility
along with rotational floor to ensure the best output. This
project is based on the circular building rather than the
square or rectangular shaped buildings. We choose it
because, by using the circular building shape we can park
more vehicles in a particular area that the other shaped
buildings like square and rectangular shaped [1]. At the
conceptual design level, minimum requirements are
reviewed. In this proposal, they include two motors,
varying operation switches, and an oscillator. A push
button data entry system and Liquid crystal screen display
are also employed. For construction it required many
components like, for the entrance a plastic prototype is
constructed to include two parking levels and control
panels mount [6].

2. THEME BEHIND THE PROJECT

In the era of technology it is seen that population has
increased to an uncontrollable extent. To compensate the
problem so many mega projects are working. These
projects are not secure so, to benefit man kind it was
thought to make some effective design to compensate
parking hazards and multistory rotational parking resolved
the issue. Current Multistory parking systems are based on
linear mechanism and it is found that Rotational parking
system a best alternate to ease the user and save the space.
One other feature which made this project different is the

Password locking system embedded in it. Each driver has

its own unique password which increased the security as
well. In case the password is forgotten by the user there is
an Admin password which is accessed after some technical
issues.

3. BASIC IDEA
There is a LCD placed in the project for displaying
various messages. First time the LCD screen will display a
Welcome message. When a vehicle reaches at the
entrance area, after initialization it rests at the entrance
gate where its weight is detected by the switch and waits
for a user input from the user. At this point the user has
two options either to park the vehicle into the given
location or access his/her vehicle from the building. Every
time when a user parks his/her vehicle he/she is assigned a
password for that location. In order to access a vehicle
from the building the user has input the password through
the push buttons. If the given input is not valid he/she can
not access his/her vehicle. In that case he/she has to deal
with administrator, so he/she can access his vehicle. The
password assigned to the particular user is displayed on the
screen of LCD for two seconds and is four digits long. It
may vary according to change in programming. This
project is based on the dynamic mechanism of the floors.
There is no elevator used here to select the particular
location. But those floors either can rotate to select the
particular location and they can be elevated up and down
to select the floor number. This operation is controlled by
the microcontroller. There are two floors in our model and
in each floor there is space for the four vehicles, so there
are total eight spaces for the vehicles. In order to park a
vehicle, first we have entrance. There is only one entrance
in our project. When a vehicle comes near the entrance
door, the micro switch is pressed which is fitted in the
ground. If the parking area is full and no space is available
in the building for parking a vehicle then the LCD will
generate a message Sorry. We have used a plastic
prototype for the mechanical aspect. The number of floors

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VOL. 2, NO. 12, December 2011

ISSN 2079-8407

Journal of Emerging Trends in Computing and Information Sciences

2009-2011 CIS Journal. All rights reserved.

http://www.cisjournal.org

can be increased to any number. This results in the large

space for parking in a specific area. It is shown in Fig. 1.

6. IMPLEMENTATION MATERIALS
A.

Peripheral Driver Array IC:

Peripheral driver IC is interfaced with the

microcontroller IC to get the output. Through this IC we
connected three relays, and these relays control the motors.
The NPN transistors connected in Darlington pair fashion
are ideal for interfacing between low logic level digital
circuitry (ATMEL 89C51) and high current/voltage
devices like lamps, relays and other applications in
industrial and consumer fields. The ULN2003 IC is a high
voltage and high current interfacing IC.
B.

Regulator IC LM7805:

LM 7805 is a regulator IC and provides the necessary

five volts to the microcontroller IC. The project has input
supply of 12 volts DC and 7805 performs voltage
conversion. An integrated circuit voltage regulator is
connected to the output of a filtered rectifier and maintains
a constant output voltage or current despite changes in the
input, the load current, or the temperature. The most
popular IC regulator has three terminals, an input terminal,
an output terminal, and a reference terminal.
Fig. 1: Overview of the system

4. SYSTEM MODEL
The system model shown in Fig. 1 consists of two
floors. However to implement the system in some
environment we can have hundreds of floors due to its
rotational floor to floor switching capability. Each user is
assigned a Floor and Parking lodge number. In the base
section along with few mechanical parts it contains a DC
motor to perform the rotation. Here for simplicity we used
one door only which is simultaneously used for Entrance
and Exit. The processor i.e the Microcontroller is used
with the LCD section and is integrated with the hardware
using switches. The keypad instructs the motor to switch
on the floors. A simple switch is used on the door which
acts as a sensor to detect the weight of the car to open and
close the door.

5. PROCESSING TECHNIQUE
ATMEL 89c51Microcontroller is used as our main
processor. Due to 89c51s simplicity we preferred it and
entire programming is done in Assembly language [2]. The
AT89C51 is a 8 bit low power microcontroller with good
efficiency. Its internal memory is with 4K bytes. We can
connect external memory as well depending upon our
program requirement. The internal Flash memory is
reprogrammable which is its one of the most powerful
feature. Atmel AT89C51 is highly flexible and
inexpensive microcontroller for embedded control
applications.

C.

Crystal Oscillator:

The oscillator is a circuit that produces an output

waveform without any external signal source. The only
input to an oscillator is the dc power supply. As such, the
oscillator can be viewed as a signal generator. There are
many types of the oscillators. Crystal oscillator is the one of
the most widely used oscillator in microcontroller and
microprocessor based projects. It is called the crystal
oscillator because it generates extremely stable output wave
forms. The most communication applications require the
use of oscillators that have extremely stable output signals.
Crystal oscillators are oscillators where the primary
frequency determining element is a quartz crystal.
D.

Liquid Crystal display:

The LCD display used in this project is a 16x2. It

shows the messages generated by the microcontroller. It
shows passwords, welcome message and other necessary
messages. An LCD is a small low cost display. It is easy to
interface with a micro-controller because of an embedded
controller. Many micro-controllers have libraries that make
displaying messages as easy as a single line of code. The
liquid crystal display is a different form the other display
devices such as 7-segment display, vacuum florescent
display, etc. While other displays generate light, the LCD
controls light. As a result, the appearance of the LCD is
also a quite different from that of other displays. LCD
characters are usually dark against a light background.
E.

DC Gear Motor:

The Dc gear motor used in this project provides the

rotating mechanism as the need of project. There are two

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VOL. 2, NO. 12, December 2011

ISSN 2079-8407

Journal of Emerging Trends in Computing and Information Sciences

2009-2011 CIS Journal. All rights reserved.

http://www.cisjournal.org

motors used in this project. One provides the circular

movement and other provides the horizontal movement of
floors. Gear motor consists of an electric motor and a gear
train mounted in the same package to reduce complexity
and cost of design. They have low horse power though are
capable to lift an entire building or even to derive a simple
small toy car.

7. WORKING OF THE PROJECT

Initially if all the space is vacant then car will be
park in the location_1. Then the user has to press switch_1,
as user press that switch the door will automatically closed
and the password will be shown on the LCD screen for the
two seconds. Similarly when the second vehicle comes at
the entrance gate, again micro switch is pressed. Again
door will open for parking the vehicle, now location_2 is
assigned by controller to park the vehicle. The vehicle will
park in location_2, after parking the user has to press
switch_1. As user press the switch_1, the door will be
closed and password will be shown on the LCD screen for
two seconds. Similarly, if there is another vehicle for
parking in building. Again micro switch is pressed and
locaton_3 is assigned automatically by controller. Then
user has to park his/her vehicle, the location_3 will be
assigned to that vehicle by microcontroller, after parking
vehicle he/she has to press switch_1 and password will
assigned to that user on the LCD screen for two seconds.
Similarly this process will continue till all the space is
filled with the vehicles. First lower floor is filled and then
upper floor is filled with the vehicles. Now, if any user
wants to get his/her vehicle from that building he/she has
to press switch_0 for entering the password, which was
issued at the time of parking his/her vehicle. After entering
the password he/she has to press switch_0 for opening the
door. In a case when there is some area filled with the
vehicles with some area is left vacant and if there comes a
vehicle at the entrance to get parked then the
microcontroller will search the vacant locations and assign
one of the location to the vehicle in order to be parked.
Now when a vehicle comes to get parked in multistory
then the microcontroller will search about the vacant space
starting from the location_1. If there are three vacant
spaces such that their locations are location_2, location_5,
and location_7. In such a case the microcontroller will
assign the location_2 first to the vehicle. And then it
assigns the location_5 and finally it will assign the
location_7. According to this method, locations are
assigned by microcontroller. These are shown in Fig. 2
and Fig. 3.

Fig. 2: Parking step 01

Fig. 3: Vehicle at its actual place

8.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

General Block Diagram is shown in Fig. 4:

Fig. 4: General Block Diagram

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VOL. 2, NO. 12, December 2011

ISSN 2079-8407

Journal of Emerging Trends in Computing and Information Sciences

2009-2011 CIS Journal. All rights reserved.

http://www.cisjournal.org

9.

LAYOUT

Express PCB and Layout:

D.

In the layout section Prototype is constructed by

placing individual components on their desired positions.
Power supplies are provided along with proper insulation
and ground. Front view of the LCD module is given in the
figure where the module is in front of the user. See fig. 4.

We used Express PC software. PCB layout is shown

in fig. 6. Express PCB software is best for electronic
students for making prototype circuits.

Fig. 6: PCB Layout

E.

Fig. 5: Layout

10. SIMULATION
A.

Programmer:

Atmel 89C51 programmer is used here which can

program multiple Atmel 89 series of microcontrollers. For
example: 89C51/52/55 etc. Due to its simplicity and low
cost we preferred it. However this can be implemented
using AVR or PIC as well.
B.

Microvision Keil Software:

The Vision IDE from Keil is used to upload our

required program in IC along with many new features. It
has many powerful features. It can be a good simulator and
software to upload the program in the hardware circuitry
chip. Project management, editing and program debugging
features make the software easy and effective. Embedded
program can be created very easily in Keil.
C.

OrCAD

OrCAD software is used primarily for electronic

design automation. Printed Circuit board designing to
create electronic parts with the help of schematics is
simple and easy in OrCAD.

Edsim Simulator

Edsim Simulator is used to simulate 89c51 series.

Assembly code is written in the Assembly code panel and
then program is checked for errors using STEP function.
Finally its made to Run and observe the result. We have
used this software here to enhance our programming and to
make it error free. All the registers can be observed along
with the contents of memory location RAM and ROM.

11. LIST OF PASSWORDS

Location No.

Passwords

Location_1

1236

Location_2

2342

Location_3

3453

Location_4

4569

Location_5

5674

Location_6

6781

Location_7

7895

Location_8

8907

Fig. 7: Passwords assigned in the project

12. SCHEMATIC
The schematic Diagram of the project is shown
in Fig 8. To clarify all the components we removed
two columns.

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VOL. 2, NO. 12, December 2011

ISSN 2079-8407

Journal of Emerging Trends in Computing and Information Sciences

2009-2011 CIS Journal. All rights reserved.

http://www.cisjournal.org

Fig. 8: Schematic Diagram

13. CONCLUSION

REFRENCES
.

In this project, the parking garage was

assigned a maximum of 4 vehicles for each level.
Upon exiting, a sensor is activated to keep track of
the number of location for vehicles in the floor.
The automation objective was met by establishing
an interactive user interface, a vehicle tracking
system, a floor elevator control system and a
monitoring system. We can implement our project
in larger cities, where there are many flats, plazas
and less space for parking.

14. FUTURE WORK

We can make this project GSM based in
which every user will receive sms on their mobiles
for the updates. Next we are thinking to make this
system portable in case of shifting of companies or
mergers made. Apart we can make it earthquake
proof by using underground Mechanical system

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Thanks to Almighty Allah for giving us
patience and endurance to complete this work.

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ISSN 2079-8407

Journal of Emerging Trends in Computing and Information Sciences

2009-2011 CIS Journal. All rights reserved.
http://www.cisjournal.org

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