UniformGalvanicDealloyingCrevicePittingSSCLMEMICSCCHBHEHICFatigueErosionStrayCurrentIndex

DifferentTypesofCorrosion
Recognition,Mechanisms&Prevention

GalvanicorBimetallicCorrosion
Recognition
What is galvanic corrosion? Galvanic corrosion or Bimetallic
Corrosion or Dissimilar Metal Corrosion, as sometimes called, is
defined as the accelerated corrosion of a metal because of an
electrical contact (including physical contact) with a more noble
metal or nonmetallic conductor (the cathode) in a corrosive
electrolyte.
Thelesscorrosionresistantorthe"active"memberofthecouple
experiences accelerated corrosion while the more corrosion
resistant or the "noble" member of the couple experiences
reducedcorrosionduetothe"cathodicprotection"effect.
The most severe attack occurs at the joint between the two
dissimilar metals. Further away from the bimetallic joint, the
degreeofacceleratedattackisreduced.
Inthisphoto,a5mmthickaluminumalloyplateisphysically(andhence,electrically)connectedtoa10mmthick
mildsteelstructuralsupport.Galvaniccorrosion occurredonthealuminiumplatealongthejointwiththemildsteel.
Perforationofaluminumplateoccurredwithin2yearsduetothehugeaccelerationfactoringalvaniccorrosion.

Mechanisms
Whatcausesgalvaniccorrosion?Differentmetalsandalloyshavedifferentelectrochemicalpotentials (orcorrosion
potentials) in the same electrolyte. When the corrosion potentials of various metals and alloys are measured in a
common electrolyte (e.g. natural seawater) and are listed in an orderly manner (descending or ascending) in a
tabularform,aGalvanicSeriesiscreated.Itshouldbeemphasizedthatthecorrosionpotentialsmustbemeasured
for all metals and alloys in the same electrolyte under the same environmental conditions (temperature, pH, flow
rateetc.),otherwise,thepotentialsarenotcomparable.
The potential difference (i.e., the voltage) between two dissimilar metals is the driving force for the destructive
attackontheactivemetal(anode).Currentflowsthroughtheelectrolytetothemorenoblemetal(cathode)andthe
less noble (anode) metal will corrode. The conductivity of electrolyte will also affect the degree of attack. The
cathodetoanodearearatioisdirectlyproportionaltotheaccelerationfactor.

Prevention
Howtopreventgalvaniccorrosion?Galvaniccorrosion canbepreventedthroughanumberofmethods:

http://www.corrosionclinic.com/types_of_corrosion/galvanic_corrosion.htm

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Selectmetals/alloysasclosetogetheraspossibleinthegalvanicseries.
Avoidunfavorableareaeffectofasmallanodeandlargecathode.
Insulatedissimilarmetalswhereverpractical
Applycoatingswithcaution.Paintthecathode(orboth)andkeepthecoatingsingoodrepairontheanode.
Avoidthreadedjointsformaterialsfarapartinthegalvanicseries.

Formoredetails
MoredetailsonGalvanicCorrosionorBimetallicCorrosionareincludedinthefollowingcorrosioncourseswhichyou
cantakeasinhousetraining,onlineordistancelearningcourses:
CorrosionandItsPrevention(5daymodule)
CorrosionandItsPrevention(2daymodule)
Corrosion,Metallurgy,FailureAnalysisandPrevention(3days)
MarineCorrosion,CausesandPrevention(2days)
MaterialsSelectionandCorrosion(2days)
StainlessSteelsandAlloys:WhyTheyResistCorrosionandHowTheyFail(2days)
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