The ovary is an ovum-producing reproductive organ, often found in pairs as part of the vertebrate female

reproductive system. Ovaries in females are homologous to testes in males, in that they are both gonads
and endocrine glands.

Human anatomy
Ovaries are oval shaped and, in the human, measure approximately 3 cm x 1.5 cm x 1.5 cm (about the
size of a Greek olive). The ovary (for a given side) is located in the lateral wall of the pelvis in a region
called the ovarian fossa. The fossa usually lies beneath the external iliac artery and in front of the ureter
and the internal iliac artery.
The ovaries aren't attached to the fallopian tubes but to the outer layer of the uterus via the ovarian
ligaments. Usually each ovary takes turns releasing eggs every month; however, if there was a case
where one ovary was absent or dysfunctional then the other ovary would continue providing eggs to be
released.
uterine tubes = oviducts - The muscular passages, lined by a partially ciliated and highly folded
mucosa, through which the eggs = ova pass from the ovary to the uterus after ovulation; they are the
usual site for fertilization; they provide a mucous secretion to nourish the gametes which pass through
them; each is divided into parts: the fimbriae, infundibulum, ampulla, tube or duct proper, and isthmus
which merges with the uterus; peristaltic waves and a fluid current generated by the ciliated simple
columnar epithelial lining assist in the movement of eggs = ova (and to a lesser degree, spermatozoa, by
reverse peristalsis) along their length; they are open to both the interior of the uterus and to the peritoneal
cavity; they perform complex movements to position themselves to be in allignment with the ovulated egg
= ovum; they are supported within the pelvic cavity by the mesosapinx, a portion of the broad ligament.

Anatomy and Physiology

Vagina
The vagina is a muscular, hollow tube that extends from the vaginal opening to the cervix of the
uterus. It is situated between the urinary bladder and wall allows the vagina to expand and
contract. The muscular walls are lined with mucous membranes, which keep it protected and
moist. A thin sheet of tissue with one or more holes in it, called the hymen, partially covers the
opening of the vagina. The vagina receives sperm during sexual intercourse from the penis. The
sperm that survive the acidic condition of the vagina continue on through to the fallopian tubes
where fertilization may occur. The vagina is made up of three layers, an inner mucosal layer;
middle muscular is layer, and an outer fibrous layer. The inner layer is made of vaginal rugae
that stretch and allow penetration to occur. These also help with stimulation of the penis. The
middle layer has glands that secrete acidic mucus (pH of around 4.0.) that keeps bacterial growth
down. The outer muscular layer is especially important with delivery of a fetus and placenta.
Purposes of the Vagina •Receives a males erect penis and semen during sexual intercourse.
•Pathway through a woman's body for the baby to take during childbirth. •Provides the route for
the menstrual blood (menses) from the uterus, to leave the body. •May hold forms of birth
control, such as a diaphragm, FemCap, Nuva Ring, or female condom.