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HIGHCOURTOFJUDICATUREATALLAHABAD
AFR
Reserve
Reservedon:15.04.2015
Deliveredon:30.04.2015
CourtNo.29
Case:WritANo.51603of2014
Appellant:TeachersAssociationMNNITAllahabadandAnother
Respondent:UnionofIndiaand4others
CounselforAppellant:AnupamKumar
CounselforPetitioner:A.S.G.I.,GyanPrakash,RameshUpadhyaya
&
Case:WritANo.4998of2015
Appellant:TeachersAssociationMNNITAllahabadandAnother
Respondent:UnionofIndiaand4others
CounselforAppellant:AnupamKumar,T.P.Singh
CounselforPetitioner:A.S.G.I.,KrishnaAgarwal,RameshUpadhyaya
Hon'bleV.K.Shukla,J.
Hon'bleMrs.RanjanaPandya,J.
(DeliveredbyHon'bleV.K.Shukla,J.)
Teachers'AssociationofMotilLalNehruNationalInstituteofTechnology,AllahabadthroughitsSecretary,Dr.Ravi
PrakashTiwarihascomeupbeforethisCourtwiththefollowingprayers:
(i)Issueawrit,orderordirectioninthenatureofcertiorariquashingtheimpugnedadvertisementno.10/2014dated
17.09.2014issuedbyRegistrar,MotilLalNehruNationalInstituteofTechnology,(MNNIT),(respondentno.4),
Allahabad.
(ii)Issuewrit,orderordirectioninthenatureofcertiorari,quashingtheGovernmentofIndia,MinistryofHuman
ResourceDevelopment(H.R.D.)notificationdated23.08.2013and18.03.2013and15.01.2014issuedbyDirector
(NITs)respondentno.2.
(iii)Issueawrit,orderordirectioninthenatureofMandamusdirectingtheconcernedrespondentstoproceedwith
"Mapping"ofexistingfacultiesatalllevelsatappropriateplacesinfourtierflexiblesystem,asfollowedinIITs.
(iv)Issueawrit,orderordirectioninthenatureofMandamus,directingtheconcernedrespondenttocontinueand
proceedwiththeimplementationoftheAICTEandUGCguidelinesforCareerAdvancementSchemetillthe
amendmentoftheActisaffectedandappropriateStatutesareframedafterremovalofanomalies.
(v)Issueawrit,orderordirectioninnatureofProhibitionrestrainingconcernedrespondentsfromchangingthe
serviceconditionsofthepetitionersbyrestrainingthemfromimplementingandenforcingtheModelRecruitment
Rulesinviewofthenotificationofrespondentsdated18.03.2013.
SamesetofpetitionersinWritPetitionNo.4998of2015havecomeupwiththefollowingprayers:
(i)Issueawrit,orderordirectioninthenatureofcertiorariquashingtheimpugnedadvertisementno.13/2014dated
18.12.2014issuedbyRegistrar,MotilLalNehruNationalInstituteofTechnology,(MNNIT),(respondentno.4),
AllahabadforthepostofAssociateProfessorandProfessor.
(ii)Issuewrit,orderordirectioninthenatureofcertiorari,quashingtheGovernmentofIndia,MinistryofHuman
ResourceDevelopment(H.R.D.)notificationdated23.08.2013and18.03.2013and15.01.2014issuedbyDirector
(NITs)respondentno.2.
(iii)Issueawrit,orderordirectioninthenatureofMandamusdirectingtheconcernedrespondentstoproceedwith
"Mapping"ofexistingfacultiesatalllevelsatappropriateplacesinfourtierflexiblesystem,asfollowedinIITs.
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(iv)Issueawrit,orderordirectioninthenatureofMandamus,directingtheconcernedrespondentstocontinueand
proceedwiththeimplementationoftheAICTEandUGCguidelinesforCareerAdvancementSchemetillthe
amendmentoftheActisaffectedandappropriateStatutesareframedafterremovalofanomalies.
(v)Issueawrit,orderordirectioninnatureofProhibitionrestrainingconcernedrespondentsfromchangingthe
serviceconditionsofthepetitionersbyrestrainingthemfromimplementingandenforcingtheRecruitmentRules,
2013inviewofthenotificationofrespondentsdated18.03.2013.
BoththewritpetitionshavebeentakenuptodayandCivilMisc.WritPetitionNo.51603of2014hasbeentreatedas
leadingwritpetition.
Petitionerno.1claimstoberegisteredForum/AssociationdulyrecognizedbyBoardofGovernorsofMotilLalNehru
NationalInstituteofTechnologyundertheprovisionsofSocietiesRegistrationAct,1860.Petitionerno.1claimsto
beassociationcomprisingalargenumberofteachersworkinginMNNIT,Allahabadandclaimstorepresentthe
agoniesoftheteachingfacultyoftheInstitute.
InitiallyMotilLalNehruRegionalEngineeringCollegewasoneoftheRegionalEngineeringCollegesandthereafter
alongwithother16RegionalEngineeringColleges,MotiLalNehruRegionalEngineeringCollegewasconvertedinto
MotilLalNehruNationalInstituteofTechnologyandthestatusofadeemedUniversitywasaccordedinexerciseof
powersconferredbySection3ofU.G.C.ActbyCentralGovernmentontheadviceofU.G.C.withcentpercent
CentralGovernmentfundingw.e.f.financialyear200304.TheInstituteinquestionthereafterhasbeenbroughtwithin
thescopeandambitofNationalInstituteofTechnologyAct,2007.ThesaidActinquestionwasenforcedon5th
June,2007.Intheyear2012,on8thJune,2012,amendmenthasbeenintroducedinthisAct.Inordertoappreciate
thecontroversyraised,relevantprovisionsofN.I.T.Act,2007,asamendedfromtimetotime,arebeinglookedinto:
"3.InthisAct,unlessthecontextotherwiserequires
(a)to(f)xxxxxxxxx
(g)"Institute"meansanyoftheInstitutionsmentionedincolumn(3)oftheSchedule.
(h)to(I)xxxxxxxxx
(m)"Society"meansanyofthesocietiesregisteredundertheSocietiesRegistrationAct,1860andmentionedin
column(2)oftheSchedule.
(n)xxxxxxxxx
(5)OnandfromthecommencementofthisAct
(a)xxxxxxxxx
(b)xxxxxxxxx
(c)xxxxxxxxx
(d)everypersonemployedbyasociety,immediatelybeforesuchcommencementshallholdhisofficeorservicein
thecorrespondingInstituteforthesametenure,atthesameremunerationanduponthesametermsandconditions
andwiththesamerightsandprivilegesastopension,leave,gratuity,providentfundandothermattersashewould
haveheldifthisActhadnotbeenpassed,andshallcontinuetodosounlessuntilhisemploymentisterminatedor
untilsuchtenure,remunerationandtermsandconditionsaredulyalteredbytheStatutes.........."
13(1)SubjecttotheprovisionsofthisAct,theBoardofeveryInstituteshallberesponsibleforthegeneral
superintendence,directionandcontroloftheaffairsoftheInstituteandshallexerciseallthepowersoftheInstitute
nototherwiseprovidedforbythisAct,theStatutesandtheOrdinances,andshallhavethepowertoreviewtheacts
oftheSenate.
(2)Withoutprejudicetotheprovisionsofsubsection(1),theBoardofeveryInstituteshall,
(a)takedecisionsonquestionsofpolicyrelatingtotheadministrationandworkingoftheInstitute
(b)institutecoursesofstudyattheInstitute
(c)makeStatutes
(d)instituteandappointpersonstoacademicaswellasotherpostsintheInstitute
(e)considerandmodifyorcancelOrdinances
(f)considerandpassresolutionsontheannualreport,theannualaccountsandthebudgetestimatesoftheInstitute
forthenextfinancialyearasitthinksfitandsubmitthemtotheCounciltogetherwithastatementofitsdevelopment
plans
(g)exercisesuchotherpowersandperformsuchotherdutiesasmaybeconferredorimposeduponitbythisActor
theStatutes
(3)TheBoardshallhavethepowertoappointsuchcommittees,asitconsidersnecessaryfortheexerciseofits
powersandtheperformanceofitsdutiesunderthisAct.
25.Statutes:SubjecttotheprovisionsofthisAct,
theStatutesmayprovideforalloranyofthefollowingmatters,namely:
(a)xxxxxxxxx
(b)xxxxxxxxx
(c)xxxxxxxxx
(d)xxxxxxxxx
(e)xxxxxxxxx
(f)thequalificationsofteachersoftheInstitute
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(g)theclassification,themethodofappointmentandthedeterminationofthetermsandconditionsofserviceof
teachersandotherstaffoftheInstitute
26.Statuteshowmade:(1)ThefirstStatutesofeachInstituteshallbeframedbytheCentralGovernmentwiththe
priorapprovaloftheVisitorandacopyofthesameshallbelaidassoonasmaybebeforeeachHouseof
Parliament.
(2)TheBoardmay,fromtimetotime,makeneworadditionalStatutesormayamendorrepealtheStatutesinthe
mannerprovidedinthissection.
(3)EverynewStatuteoradditiontotheStatutesoranyamendmentorrepealofStatutesshallrequiretheprevious
approvaloftheVisitorwhomaygrantassentorwithholdassentorremitittotheBoardforconsideration.
(4)AnewStatuteoraStatuteamendingorrepealinganexistingStatuteshallhavenovalidityunlessithasbeen
assentedtobytheVisitor.
CHAPTERIII
30.(1)WitheffectfromsuchdateastheCentralGovernmentmay,bynotificationspecifyinthisbehalf,thereshall
beestablishedforalltheInstitutesspecifiedincolumn(3)oftheSchedule,acentralbodytobecalledtheCouncil.
(2)TheCouncilshallconsistofthefollowingmembers,namely:
(a)theMinisterinchargeoftheMinistryorDepartmentoftheCentralGovernmenthavingadministrativecontrolof
thetechnicaleducation,exofficio,asChairman
(b)theSecretarytotheGovernmentofIndiainchargeoftheMinistryorDepartmentoftheCentralGovernment
havingadministrativecontrolofthetechnicaleducation,exofficio,asViceChairman
(c)theChairpersonofeveryBoard,exofficio
(d)theDirectorofeveryInstitute,exofficio
(e)theChairman,UniversityGrantsCommission,exofficio
(f)theDirectorGeneral,CouncilofScientificandIndustrialResearch,exofficio
(g)fourSecretariestotheGovernmentofIndia,torepresenttheMinistriesorDepartmentoftheCentralGovernment
dealingwithbiotechnology,atomicenergic,informationtechnologyandspace,exofficio
(h)theChairman,AllIndiaCouncilforTechnicalEducation,exofficio
(i)notlessthanthree,butnotmorethanfivepersonstobenominatedbytheVisitor,atleastoneofwhomshallbea
woman,havingspecialknowledgeorpracticalexperienceinrespectofeducation,industry,scienceortechnology
(j)threemembersofParliament,ofwhomtwoshallbechosenbytheHouseofthePeopleandonebytheCouncilof
States
providedthattheofficeofmemberoftheCouncilshallnotdisqualifyitsholderforbeingchosenasorforbeing,a
memberofeitherHouseofParliament
(k)twoSecretariestotheStateGovernment,fromamongsttheMinistriesorDepartmentsofthatGovernment
dealingwithtechnicaleducationwheretheInstitutesarelocated,exofficio
(l)FinancialAdvisor,dealingwiththeHumanResourceDevelopmentMinistryorDepartmentoftheCentral
Government,exofficio,
(m)oneofficernotbelowtherankofJointSecretarytotheGovernmentofIndiaintheMinistryorDepartmentof
CentralGovernmenthavingadministrativecontroloftheTechnicalEducation,exofficio,asMemberSecretary.
31.(1)Thetermsofofficeofamembershallbethreeyearsfromthedateofnotification:
Providedthatthetermofofficeofanexofficiomembershallcontinuesolongasheholdsofficebyvirtueofwhich
heissuchamember.
(2)Thetermofofficeofamemberelectedunderclause(j)ofsubsection(2)ofsection30shallexpireassoonas
heceasestobememberoftheHouse,whichelectedhim.
(3)Thetermofofficeofamembernominatedorelectedtofillacausalvacancyshallcontinuefortheremainderof
thetermofthememberinwhoseplacehehasbeenappointed.
(4)Notwithstandinganythingcontainedinthissectionanoutgoingmembershall,unlesstheCentralGovernment
otherwisedirects,continueinofficeuntilanotherpersonisappointedasamemberinhisplace.
(5)ThemembersoftheCouncilotherthanexofficiomembershallbepaidsuchtravellingandotherallowancesas
maybeprescribed.
32.(1)ItshallbethegeneraldutyoftheCounciltocoordinatetheactivitiesofalltheInstitutes.
(2)Withoutprejudicetotheprovisionsofsubsection(1)theCouncilshallperformthefollowingfunctions,namely:
(a)toadviseonmatterrelatingtothedurationofthecourses,thedegreesandotheracademicdistinctionstobe
conferredbytheInstitutes,admissionstandardsandotheracademicmatters
(b)tolaydownpolicyregardingcadres,methodsofrecruitmentandconditionsofserviceofemployees,institutionof
scholarshipsandfreeships,levyingoffeesandothermattersofcommoninterest
(c)toexaminethedevelopmentplansofeachInstituteandtoapprovesuchofthemasareconsiderednecessary
andalsotoindicatebroadlythefinancialimplicationsofsuchapprovedplans
(d)toadvisetheVisitor,ifsorequired,inrespectofanyfunctiontobeperformedbyhimunderthisActand
(e)toperformsuchotherfunctionsasareassignedtoitbyorunderthisAct.
33.(1)TheChairmanoftheCouncilshallordinarilypresideatthemeetingsoftheCouncil:
Providedthat,inhisabsence,theViceChairmanoftheCouncilshallpresideatthemeetingsoftheCouncil.
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(2)ItshallbethedutyoftheChairmanoftheCounciltoensurethatthedecisionstakenbytheCouncilare
implemented.
(3)TheChairmanshallexercisesuchotherpowersandperformsuchotherdutiesasareassignedtohimbythis
Act.
(4)TheCouncilshallmeetonceineveryyearandfollowsuchprocedureinitsmeetingsasmaybeprescribed.
34.(1)TheCentralGovernmentmay,bynotification,makerulestocarryoutthepurposeofthisChapter.
(2)Inparticularandwithoutprejudicetothegeneralityoftheforegoingpower,suchrulesmayprovideforalloranyof
thefollowingmatters,namely:
(a)thetravellingandotherallowancespayabletomembersfotheCouncilundersubsection(5)ofsection31and
(b)theproceduretobefollowedinthemeetingsoftheCouncilundersubsection(4)ofsection33.
(3)EveryrulemadebytheCentralGovernmentunderthisChaptershallbelaid,assoonasmaybeafteritismade,
beforeeachHouseofParliament,whileitisinsession,foratotalperiodofthirtydayswhichmaybecomprisedin
onesessionorintwoormoresuccessivesessions,andif,beforetheexpiryofthesessionimmediatelyfollowing
thesessionorthesuccessivesessionsaforesaid,bothHouseagreeinmakinganymodificationintheruleorboth
Housesagreethattheruleshouldnotbemade,theruleshallthereafterhaveeffectonlyinsuchmodifiedformorbe
ofnoeffect,asthecasemaybe,so,however,thatanysuchmodificationorannulmentshallbewithoutprejudiceto
thevalidityofanythingpreviouslydoneunderthatrule.
CHAPTERIV.
35.NoactoftheCouncil,oranyInstituteorBoardorSenateoranyotherbodysetupunderthisActortheStatutes,
shallbeinvalidmerelybyreasonof
(a)anyvacancyordefectintheconstitutionthereof,or
(b)anydefectintheelection,nominationorappointmentofapersonactingasamemberthereof,or
(c)anyirregularityinitsprocedurenotaffectingthemeritsofthecase.
36.(1)IfanydifficultyarisesingivingeffecttotheprovisionsofthisActtheCentralGovernmentmay,byorder
publishedintheOfficialGazette,makesuchprovisionsnotinconsistentwiththeprovisionsofthisActasmay
appeartoittobenecessaryorexpedientforremovingthedifficulty
ProvidedthatnosuchordershallbemadeaftertheexpiryofaperiodoftwoyearsfromthedateonwhichthisAct
receivestheassentofthePresident.
(2)Everyordermadeunderthissectionshall,assoonasmaybeafteritismade,belaidbeforeeachHouseof
Parliament.
37.NotwithstandinganythingcontainedinthisAct
(a)theBoardofGovernorsofeveryInstitutefunctioningassuchimmediatelybeforethecommencementofthisAct
shallcontinuetosofunctionuntilanewBoardisconstitutedforthatInstituteunderthisAct,butontheconstitution
ofanewBoardunderthisAct,thememberoftheBoardholdingofficebeforesuchconstitutionshallceasetohold
office
(b)everySenateconstitutedinrelationtoeveryInstitutebeforethecommencementofthisActshallbedeemedto
betheSenateconstitutedunderthisActuntilaSenateisconstitutedunderthisActforthatInstitutebutonthe
constitutionofnewSenateunderthisAct,themembersoftheSenateholdingofficebeforesuchconstitutionshall
ceasetoholdoffice.
(c)xxxxxxxxx
(d)allmatters,whicharemeanttobeprovidedthroughStatutesandOrdinancesunderSections25and27,
respectively,shall,tillsuchStatutesandOrdinancesaremade,begoverned,mutatismutandis,bythe
correspondingprovisionsinforceimmediatelybeforethecommencementofthisAct."
AftertheenforcementoftheActinquestioninexerciseofpowersconferredbysubsection1ofSection26ofN.I.T.
Act,2007,theCentralGovernmentwiththepriorapprovalofVisitorhasframed,FirstStatutesnamedas'First
StatutesoftheNationalInstituteofTechnology'andsamehasbeenenforcedon23rdApril,2009.ThesaidFirst
Statutes,underStatute3definestheauthoritiesofInstitute.Statute4dealswithBoardofGovernorsandmeeting
thereof.Statute5dealswithadditionalpowersoftheBoard.Statute5providesforasfollows:
"5.PowersoftheBoard:
Inadditiontothepowersundersubsection(1)ofsection13oftheAct,theBoardshallbeempowered:
(i)toabolish,redesignateorchangethenomenclatureofanypostintheinstitute
(ii)tomake,modifyorcancelthestatuteswiththeapprovalofthevisitorfromtimetotime:
ProvidedthatthenewStatute,additionsoramendmentsofexistingStatutesshallbeapplicableonlyaftertheassent
ofthevisitorand
(iii)tomake,modifyandcancelalloranyordinancesonrecommendationoftheFinanceCommitteeorSenateofthe
Institutesubjecttotheconditionthatmaking,modificationandcancellationshallnotbeincontraventionoftheAct
and(or)Statutes."
Statute14dealswith'additionalauthorityofChairpersonofBoardofGovernors'.Statute15dealswith'travelling
allowanceofmembersoftheauthoritiesofInstitute'.Statute17providesfor'theDirectorandhispowers'.Statute18
providesfor'DeputyDirector'.Statute19dealswith'Deans'.Statute20dealswith'HeadoftheDepartment/Centre'.
Statute21talksof'Registrar'.Statute22providesfor'classificationoftheMemberofStaff'asfollows:
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"22.ClassificationoftheMembersoftheStaff:
(1)Exceptinthecaseofemployeespaidfromcontingencies,themembersofstaffoftheInstituteshallbeclassified
asunder:
(i)Academicstaff:Director,DeputyDirector,Professor,AssociateProfessor,AssistantProfessor,Lecturer,
ProfessorTrainingandPlacementandsuchotheracademicpostsasmaybedecidedbytheBoardfromtimeto
time
(ii)TechnicalStaff:SystemManager,SystemAnalyst,Programmer,Librarian,WorkshopSuperintendent,Assistant
WorkshopSuperintendent,ForemanTechnician,Instructor,LaboratoryAssistant,Mechanic,Overseer,Technical
Assistant,DraftsmanandsuchothertechnicalpostsasmaybedecidedbytheBoardfromtimetotimeand
(iii)Administrativeandotherstaff:Registrar,DeputyRegistrarandAssistantRegistrar,AccountsOfficer,Audit
Officer,EstateOfficer,ExecutiveEngineerAssistantandJuniorEngineer,MedicalOfficer,MedicalAssistant,
HorticulturalAssistant/Officer,OfficeSuperintendentSecurityOfficer,StoresOfficer,StoreKeeper,Office
Assistants,DataEntryOperatorsandsuchotherAdministrativeandotherstaffamaybedecidedbytheBoardfrom
timetotime.
(2)PostsclassifiedasAcademicstaffshallbevacationpostsonly."
Statute23dealswith'Appointment',asfollows:
23.Appointments:
(1)ThepostsattheInstituteshallbefilledbyadvertisementonallIndiabasis:
ProvidedthattheratiobetweenDirectRecruitmentandPromotionpostsforpostsotherthanthatofDirectororthe
DeputyDirectorshallbeaspertherecruitmentrules.
(2)ThereservationofpostsshallbeinaccordancewiththerulesoftheCentralGovernment.
(3)Forthepurposeofappointments,therulesapplicabletooftheCentralGovernmentemployeesshallapply.
(4)TheSelectionCommittee,forfillingpostsundertheInstitute(otherthanthepostsoncontractbasis)by
advertisementorbypromotionfromamongstthemembersofstaffoftheInstitute,shallbeconstitutedinsuch
manneraslaiddownbyMinistryofHumanResourcesDevelopment,DepartmentofHigherandSecondary
Education,GovernmentofIndiaorBoardfromtimetotimebyordinances.
(5)SelectionCommitteesforfillingupofpostsundertheInstitute(otherthanoncontractbasis)byadvertisementor
bypromotionfromamongstthemembersofstaffoftheInstituteshallbeconstitutedinthefollowingmanner,
namely:
(a)theSelectionCommitteeforrecruitmentofAcademicStaff(excludingtheDirectorandtheDeputyDirector),orfor
promotionshallbeasunder:
(1)DirectororDeputyDirectorChairman
(2)VisitorsNomineeMember
(3)twonomineeoftheBoardonebeingan
expert,butotherthanamemberoftheBoardMember
(4)oneexpertnomineeofSenatefromoutside
theinstituteMember
(5)HeadofDepartmentconcerned
(forotherthanthepostofProfessor)Member
(b)TheSelectionCommitteeforTechnicalpostsshallbeasfollows:
(1)DirectororDeputyDirectorChairman
(2)oneExpertfromoutsidetheInstituteMember
(3)NomineeofMinistryofHumanResources
DevelopmentMember
(4)ConcernedHeadofDepartmentMember
(5)RegistrarMember
(c)TheSelectionCommitteeforAdministrativeandMinisterialStaffshallbeasunder:
(1)DirectororDeputyDirectorChairman
(2)oneExpertfromoutsidetheInstituteMember
(3)NomineeofMinistryofHumanResource
DevelopmentMember
(4)RegistrarMember
(d)TheSelectionCommitteeforSeniorAdministrativeandothercomparablepostscarryingpayscaleofLecturer
andaboveshallbeasunder:
(1)DirectororDeputyDirectorChairman
(2)oneExpertfromoutsidetheInstituteMember
(3)NomineeofMinistryofHumanResources
DevelopmentMember
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(4)NomineeofBoardMember
(5)RegistrarMember
(6)TheRegistrarshallbesubstitutedbyanothernomineeoftheBoardincasetheSelectionismadefromthe
Registrarortheequivalentpost.
(7)IntheabsenceoftheDeputyDirector,theDirectormaynominateanymemberofthestaffoftheInstitutetobe
thememberoftheSelectionCommitteeinhisplace.
(8)Whereapostistobefilledoncontractbasisorbyinvitation,theBoardmay,constitutesuchAdhocSelection
committee,ascircumstancesofeachcasemayrequire.
(9)WhereapostistobefilledbypromotionfromamongstthemembersoftheInstituteortemporarilyforaperiod
notexceedingtwelvemonths,theprocedureforthesameshallbeasspecifiedbyordinances.
(10)NotwithstandinganythingcontainedintheseStatutes,theBoardshallhavethepowertomakeappointmentsof
personshavingspecialskillorknowledgetosuittheemergentneedofthedepartment(s)orcentre(s).
(11)Ifthepostistobefilledbyadvertisement,theRegistrarshalladvertisethetermsandconditionsofthepostand
thescreeningcommitteeforthepurposeofshortlistingtheeligiblelandmostdesirablecandidatesandshallscreen
allapplicationsreceivedwithinthedatespecifiedintheadvertisement.
(12)Asthetimeofinterview,theSelectionCommitteeshallexaminecredentialsofallcandidateswhohavebeen
calledfortheinterview,interviewtheeligiblecandidatesandrecommendtheappointmentofthemostsuitable
candidatetothecompetentauthorityforapproval.
(13)TherecommendationsoftheSelectionCommitteeshallremainvalidforaperiodofoneyearfromthedateof
interviewandifforanyreasontherecommendationsarenotapprovedbythecompetentauthorityorappointment
ordersnotissuedaftertheapprovalofrecommendationswithinthesaidperiodofoneyear,therecommendations
shalllapseandfreshadvertisementshallbeissued.
(14)NoactorproceedingofanySelectionCommitteeshallbecalledinquestiononthegroundmerelyofthe
absenceofanymemberormembersoftheSelectionCommittee.
(15)UnlessotherwiseprovidedforundertheseStatutes,theSelectionCommitteeconstitutedforthepurposeof
makingrecommendationsforappointmenttoapostshallcontinuetoexerciseitsfunctionsinrelationtothatposttill
theappointmentismadeagainstthatpost.
(16)AllappointmentsmadeattheInstituteshallbereportedtotheBoardatitsnextmeeting.
(17)TheapplicationoftheemployeeseligibleforpromotionunderAssuredCareerProgress(ACP)shallbe
consideredbytheDepartmentalPromotionCommitteesbeforeanypromotionorupgradationisrecommended.
(18)TheDepartmentalPromotionCommitteeshallbeasfollows:
(1)DirectororDeputyDirectorChairman
(2)ConcernedHeadofDepartmentMember
(3)HeadofDepartmentfromotherDepartmentMember
(4)RegistrarMember
Statute24dealswith'generaltermsandconditionsofserviceofpermanentemployee'.Statute25providesfor'code
ofconductofpermanentemployees'.Statute26dealswith'suspension,penalties,disciplinaryproceedings'.Statute
27dealswith'generaltermsandconditionsoftemporaryemployees'.Statute28dealswith'appointmentoncontract'.
Statute29dealswith'ProvidentFundPensionScheme'.Statutewith'ProvidentFund/PensionScheme'.Statute30
and31dealswith'resignationandretirement',respectively.Statute32dealswith'advances'andStatute33deals
with'deputation'.Statute34dealswith'residentialaccommodation'andStatute35providesfor'leaveandvacation
rules'.
TheCounciloftheNationalInstituteofTechnologies(N.I.T.s)on18thNovember,2011resolvedtoswitchoverto
fourtierflexiblesystemforthefacultywiththerecommendationofrespectiveBoardofGovernorsandwith
appropriaterecruitmentrules.Relevantextractofthesamearebeingextractedbelow:
"ItemNo.3.17:Switchovertofourtierflexiblesystemforthefacultywiththerecommendationsoftherespective
BoardofGovernorsandwithappropriateRecruitmentRules.
TheCouncilresolvedthatindividualNITswillbeallowedtoadoptbytheCentralGovernmentthe4tierflexible
facultycadrestructurethroughappropriateresolutionoftherespectiveBoardofGovernors.TheRecruitmentRules,
recommendedbytheDr.SarangiCommitteeandapprovedbytheCouncil(withchanges)videitem3.18ofthis
meeting,willbenotifiedbytheMinistryofHRDtoprovidetheselectionnormsmandatedunderthe6thC.P.C.
implementationorderdated18thAugust,2009.Whenaninstituteadoptsthe4tierstructure,theAGPswillbe
upgradedtotheirrevisedvaluesforeveryfacultymemberatAssociateProfessorandProfessorlevelpayinthepay
band,however,willberaisedtotheprescribedminimumatallAGPsifrecommendedbyaproperselection
committeeafterreviewingthecandidate'sacademiccontribution.AssistantProfessorswiththreeyearsofpost
Ph.D.experiencemayalsomovetoAGPofRs.8000/withcorrespondingminimumpayinthepaybandonreview
byapropertyconstitutedselectioncommittee."
Thereafter,thenormsunderFourtierflexiblefacultycadrestructurewerecommunicatedtoN.I.T.svideMinistry's
letterdated23.08.2013,butsamewaskeptonholdvideletterdated12.12.2013asaCommitteetoworkoutnorms
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toensureuniformimplementationofFourtierfacultystructureinC.F.T.I.swasconstitutedtomakefurther
recommendations.BasedontherecommendationsofFourTierImplementationCommittee,thefourtiernorms
alongwithrecruitmentruleswerecommunicatedtoN.I.T.sforadoptionbytheirrespectiveBoardandinthisdirection
forimplementationofaforesaidfourtierflexiblefacultystructureintheNationalInstituteofTechnology,necessary
circulardated15thJanuary,2014hasbeensentandalongwiththesamerecruitmentrulesandotherguidelinestobe
adoptedbyBoardofGovernorshavebeenattached.Relevantextractofthesaidletterisbeingquotedbelow:
"To
TheDirectorsofthe30NITs.
Subject:Implementationof4tierflexiblefacultystructureintheNationalInstituteofTechnology(NITs)regarding.
Sir/Madam,
IamdirectedtorefertothisMinistry'sletterofevennumberdated23rdAugust,2013and12thDecember,2013on
thesubjectcitedabove.
2.ThemeetingoftheCommitteeconstitutedtodevisenormsforimplementationofthefourtierflexiblecadre
(faculty)structureforboththenewandtheexistingfacultyinNITs,IITsandISMDhanbadwasheldunderthe
ChairmanshipofAdditionalSecretary(TE)on16thDecember,2013(Monday)atMinistryofHumanResources
Development,ShastriBhawan,NewDelhi.
3.TheCommitteeinitsaforesaidmeetingresolvedthefollowing:
(i)ThattherewouldbenoautomaticmigrationtothesalariesandAGP'softhefourtierflexiblefacultystructure.
(ii)AnychangeoftheGradePayunderFourTierwillbepurelythroughopenadvertisementsandonthe
recommendationofdulyconstitutedSelectionCommittee.
(iii)Thosewhodonotfulfiltheessentialqualifications,relevantexperiencesandotheressentialrequirementsasin
Annexurel[pages3to4],however,willcontinueinthepresentgrade.
(iv)AsaneligibilitycriteriaforthepostofProfessor,therequirementofminimumfouryear'sexperienceatthelevel
ofAssociateProfessorshallmeanthatofAssociateprofessorundertheFourTierSystemi.e.attheAGPof
Rs.9,500/.AssociateProfessorsofthreetiersystemwithAcademicGradePayofRs.9,000/shallalsobeeligible
butwithseveryear'sexperience,iftheymeettherelevantacademicrequirementsforthepost
(v)ProfessorswithRs.10,500/AGPwillonlybeconsideredforHAGScaleinaccordancewithMinistry'sletterdated
22ndMarch,2013andtheconcernedProfessorhastohave6(six)yearsofserviceinAGPofRs.10,000/orhigher
and
(vi)TheacademiccriteriaasapprovedbytheCouncilofNITs[Annexurel]hastobeusedinconjunctionwiththe
Ministry'sletterF.No.339/2011TS.llldated23rdAugust,2013[AnnexureII(pages5to7)]forselectionunderfour
tierflexiblepaystructure.
4.TheRecruitmentRulesandotherguidelinestobeadoptedbytheBoardofGovernors(BOGs)areattachedat
Annexureiii[pages8to22].
5.TheNITsareadvisedtostrictlyadheretheaforesaidinstructionsforboththenewandtheexistingfacultyinNITs.
6.ThisissueswiththeapprovalofthecompetentauthorityintheMinistry."
NormsofFourTierCadreStructureofFacultyPostsintheN.I.T.shasbeenasfollows:
SlNo.
Designation,PayBandandAcademicGradePay
EssentialQualificationandRelevantExperience
1
AssistantProfessors(oncontract)
PB3ofRs.1560039100withAGPofRs.6000/p.m.
(i)AssistantProfessorstoberecruitedoncontractualbasisarenotpartoftheregularfacultycadreinNITs.
AppointmentatthislevelmaybemadeoncontractbasistoenablebrightyoungPh.D.sscholarstoteachandearn
experienceinpremierInstitutions.
(ii)AttheentryleveltheymaybeplacedinPayBandPB3ofRs.1560039100withAcademicGradePay(AGP)of
Rs.6000/p.m.withsevennoncompoundableadvanceincrements.
(iii)ToencouragefreshPh.D.stojointheteachingsystem,atleast10%ofthetotalfacultystrengthshouldbe
recruitedatthislevel.However,relaxationinrespectofeducationalqualificationscouldbegivenupto25%oftotal
AssistantProfessorsrecruited.ThereasonsforsuchrelaxationsshouldbedulyrecordedandreportedtotheBoard
ofGovernorsoftherespectiveInstitutions.
(iv)AfteroneyearofpostPh.D.Experience,theseAssistantProfessorsshallbeplacedintheAGPatRs.7000/
p.m.
2
AssistantProfessors
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PB3ofRs.1560039100withAGPofRs.8000/p.m.
(i)TobeappointedinPB3tobeplacedatRs.22500/withAGPofRs.8000/p.m.Fordirectrecruits,minimumpay
inthePaybandtobefixedatRs.30,000/
(ii)ForappointmentasAssistantProfessor,oneshouldhaveaPh.D.withfirstclassattheprecedingdegreeor
equivalentintheappropriatebranchwithaverygoodacademicrecordthroughoutandatleastthreeyears
industrial/research/teachingexperienceexcludinghowever,theexperiencegainedwhilepursuingPh.D.
(iii)AssistantProfessorsoncompletionof3yearsofserviceshallmovetoPayBandofRs.37400/67000/(PB4)
withanAcademicGradePay(AGP)ofRs.9000/andwill,however,continuetobedesignatedasAssistant
Professor.
3
AssociateProfessors
PB4ofRs.3740067000withAGPofRs.9500/p.m.
(i)TobeappointedinPB4withAGPofRs.9500/p.m.Fordirectrecruits.MinimumpayintheP.B.4tobefixedat
Rs.42,800/.
(ii)ForappointmentasAssistantProfessor,oneshouldhaveaPh.D.withfirstclassattheprecedingdegreeor
equivalentintheappropriatebranchwithaverygoodacademicrecordthroughoutandaminimumofsixyears
TeachingIndustry/Researchexperience,orwhichatleastthreeyears'shouldbeatthelevelofAssistantProfessors,
SeniorScientificOfficer/SeniorDesignEngineer.
4
Professors
PB4ofRs.3740067000withAGPofRs.10500/p.m.

Professors:HAGScale(Rs.6700079000)withoutanyG.P.
(i)ForappointmentasProfessor,oneshouldhaveaPh.D.withfirstclassattheprecedingdegreeorequivalentwith
averygoodacademicrecordthroughoutandaminimumof10yearsexperienceofwhichatleast4yearsshouldbe
atthelevelofAssociateProfessor.
(ii)ForDirectRecruits,MinimumpayinthePayBandtobefixedatRs.48,000/
(iii)Uptoamaximumof40%ofthesanctionedpostsofProfessorsafterregularserviceof6yearsasProfessorcan
beawardedHAGScaleofRs.6700079000withoutanyGPinallNITsafterfulfillingtheeligibilityconditionsgivenin
theguidelinesforimplementationofHAGscalesinthisMinistry'sletterNo.349/2012TS.IIIdated22.3.2013.
(iv)WhileimplementingtheHAGscales,thoseProfessorsofNITsandCFTIswhoareappointedasDirectorsinthe
NITssystembytheMHRD,shalldeemedtohavebeenplacedintheHAGscalenotionallyfromthedaytheytook
chargeasDirectorsinNITsorfromthedaytheguidelineswereissuedbytheMinistryvideitsletterNo.F.231/2008
TS.IIdated18.08.2009,whicheverislater.
RecruitmentRulesforthefacultypostsunderFourTierFlexibleFacultyCadreinN.I.T.shasbeenasfollows:
"1.Shorttitleandcommencement:TheserulesmaybecalledtheNITFacultyRecruitmentRules,2013.Theseshall
comeintoforcefromthedateoftheiracceptance/adoptionbytheBoardofGovernorsoftheconcernedInstitute.
2.Definition:Intheserules,unlessthecontextotherwiserequires
a)"Act"meansNationalInstitutesofTechnology,SchemeEducationandResearch(NITSER)Act,2007.
b)"Statutes"meanstheFirstStatutesoftheNITsandtheStatutessubsequentlyframedbytherespectiveNITor
framedbytheMinistryofHumanResourceDevelopment.
c)"Servicerules"meansServiceRulesoftherespectiveNIT.
d)"Faculty"meanstheProfessor,AssociateProfessorandAssistantProfessoroftheNITs.
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3.MethodofRecruitmentandothermatters:Themethodofrecruitmentandothermattersrelatingtothepostof
FacultyshallbespecifiedintheScheduleannexedtotheserules.
4.Deputation/ContractualAppointments:Faculty,whoareappointedoncontractualbasis,shallbeforafixedperiod
notexceedingfiveyears.
5.Disqualification:Noperson,
(i)Whohadenteredintoorcontractedamarriagewithapersonhavingaspouselivingor
(ii)Whohavingaspouseliving,hasenteredintoorcontractedamarriagewithanyperson.
shallbeeligibleforappointmenttothesaidpost
providedthattheBoardofGovernorsmay,ifsatisfiedthatsuchmarriageispermissibleunderthepersonallaw
applicabletosuchapersonandtheotherpartytothemarriageandthattherewereothergroundsforsodoing,
exemptanypersonfromtheoperationofthisrule.
6.Saving:Nothingintheserulesshallaffectreservations,relaxationsoftheagelimitandotherconcessions
requiredtobeprovidedforthecandidatesbelongingtotheScheduledCastes,ScheduledTribes,OtherBackward
Classes,ExservicemenandotherspecialcategoriesofpersonsinaccordancewiththeordersissuedbytheCentral
Governmentfromtimetotimeinthisregard.Theserulesshallalsonotaffecttherecruitmentsalreadymadeorfor
whichrecruitmentprocesshasalreadycommenced,butanyappointmentorpromotiontohigherpostproposedtobe
madeormadesubsequenttothenotificationoftheseRecruitmentRuleswillbegovernedbytheseRecruitment
Rules.
7.Otherconditionsofservice:TheotherconditionsofserviceoftheFacultyforwhichnospecificprovisionshave
beenmadeintheserulesshallberegulatedinaccordancewithsuchrulesasare,fromtimetotime,applicableas
pertheFirstStatutesoftheNITsandthesubsequentamendments.FormattersnotcoveredbytheStatutes,the
correspondingCentralGovernmentRulesshallbeapplicable.
8.QualificationandotherrequirementsofSelection:Qualificationsandotherrequirementsofselectionforvarious
postsaregivenindetailintheAnnexureI.
9.TheserulesarebareminimumandtheBoardofGovernorscanhoweverfixhigherbenchmarks,higherthanthe
prescribedinconsultationwiththeCouncilofNITs."
Petitioners'Associationhasbeenresistingtheimplementationoffourtiersystemasperthepleadingsmadeinwrit
petitiononfollowinggrounds:
(a)Para3(i)whichsaysthattherewouldbenomigrationtothesalariesandAGPsofthe4tierflexiblefaculty
structurewithoutkeepinginmindthefactthatanymigrationfromonesystemtoanotherneedscertainperiodoftime
forthenewsystemtoadoptitselfandmappingofsenioritygradeetc.oftheold3tiersysteminthenewsystemand
forthispurposeatleastthreeyearsperiodwasneededwhichwouldhavefacilitatedadoptionofthenew4tier
systemandwouldhavealsogiventimeforremovalofanomalieswhichhavecreptupinthenew4tiersystem.
(b)Sincevariousanomalieshavecreptuprelatingtothepromotion,seniorityandserviceconditionsandeligibility
normsofthemembersofthePetitioners'Associationwhichwilladverselyaffecttheirfuturecareer,therefore,the
Petitioners'AssociationwantstopressthefactthattheoldsystemofCASbecontinuedasunderthe3tiersystem
tillthetimeallsuchanomalieswhichwillbementionedlateronareremovedfrommigrationfromonesystemto
another.
(c)Adoptionof4tiersystemrelatingtoflexiblefacultystructureinNITsisfullofflaws,sincefirstly,ithas
overlookedalltheexistinganomaliesfromsuchsuddenmigrationanditsadoptionwithoutfollowingthenorms
proceduresasprovidedundertheNITActandStatute,secondlytheMHRD/CentralGovernmentwithoutinviting
objectionsandrecommendationsoftheaggrievedpersons,likethepetitionerassociationinutterviolationof
PrincipalsofNaturalJusticecouldforceupontheimplementationofthefourtiersysteminsuchhaphazardmanner,
thirdcannewlyframedrecruitmentrulesapplyretrospectivelytothosewhoarealreadyinservicei.e.existing
faculty.Fourth,canpowersoftheVisitorwithrespecttograntofapprovalbeexercisedbytheBOG.
(d)TheprocedureadoptedinchangingthequalificationandserviceoftheemployeesofNITisinviolationoftheNIT
Act2007andstatutes2009.FurtherNITCouncilandNITBOGcannotchangethequalificationandservice
conditionsoftheemployeeswithoutdueapprovalofVisitor,followedbyitsnotificationinOfficialGazetteofIndia.
Atthisjuncture,petitionersarebeforethisCourtwiththeprayersquotedabove.
Theclaimthathasbeenraisedbythepetitionershasbeenresistedbycounteraffidavitfiledonbehalfofthe
InstituteaswellasonbehalfofCentralGovernmentbycontendingthatrightfulexercisehasbeenundertakenand
whateveractionhasbeentaken,samehasbeeninthedomainofCouncilofNITandinviewofthis,noneofthe
legalrightsofpetitionershasbeeninfringed.
AffidavitsandSupplementaryAffidavitshavebeenfiledandrejoinderaffidavithasalsobeenfiled.
Afterrespectivepleadingshavebeenexchanged,thematteristakenupforfinalhearinganddisposalwiththe
consentoftheparties.
ShriT.P.Singh,SeniorAdvocateassistedbyShriAnupamKumar,Advocatehasconfinedhisargumentstothe
effectthatinthepresentcasemerelybecausetheCouncilhastakenapolicydecisiontoenforcefourtiersystem,it
ipsofactoandautomaticallycouldnotbeenforceduntilandunless,theamendmentismadeinthestatuteor
alternativelyCentralGovernmentbywayofnotificationintroducestheRulesinquestionandassuch,anyaction
takenbasedonthesameispersebadandunjustifiableandcontrarytothespiritofstatutoryprovision.
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ShriAshokMehta,SeniorAdvocateassistedbyShriKrishnaAgrawalaswellasShriRameshUpadhayay,Advocate
representingtheInstituteconcerned,ontheotherhand,hasjustifiedtheactiontakenbytheInstitutebycontending
thattheCouncilistheApexBodyoffixingeligibilitycriteriaandoncepolicydecisionhasbeentakenandsamehas
beenratifiedbytheBoardofGovernors,thenthisCourtshouldnotatallcometotherescueandreprieveofthe
petitionersasinpolicymatters,thematterhastobelefttothewisdomofexpertswhomanagethesystemanditis
notatallfortheCourttolaydownmethodologyofrecruitment.
Inordertoappreciatetherespectiveargumentsthathasbeensoadvancedwhatwefindthatontheenforcementof
NITAct,2007,Section5clearlyproceedstomentionthateverypersonemployedbyaSociety,immediatelybefore
suchcommencementshallholdhisofficeorserviceinthecorrespondingInstituteforthesametenure,atthesame
remunerationanduponthesametermsandconditionsandwiththesamerightsandprivilegesastopension,leave,
gratuity,providentfundandothermattersashewouldhaveheldifthisActhadnotbeenpassed,andshallcontinue
todosounlessanduntilhisemploymentisterminatedoruntilsuchtenure,remunerationandtermsandconditions
aredulyalteredbytheStatutes.
Thusthismuchisclearthatwhateverhasbeenthetermsandconditionsinexistenceonthedateofenforcementof
theAct,samewastocontinueunlessitwasnotdulyalteredbytheStatutes.
Section25dealswiththesubjectthatistobeprovidedundertheStatuteandclause'f'providesthatqualificationof
teachersoftheInstitutehastobegivenintheStatutesandclause'g'providesthatthedeterminationoftheterms
andconditionsofserviceofteachersandotherstafftotheInstituteisalsotobeprovidedbytheStatute.
Section26providesforastohowthestatutesaretobemade.ThefirstStatuteofeachuniversityhastobeframed
bytheCentralGovernmentwiththepriorapprovaloftheVisitorandcopyofthesamehastobelaiddownassoon
asmaybebeforeeachHouseofParliament.TheBoardhasbeenauthorizedtomakeneworadditionalStatutesand
thesamerequirespreviousapprovalofVisitor.ThusaVisitorhasanimportantroletoplayinthematterofamending
orrepealinganexistingStatute.
Section37isclearandcategoricalandstartswithanonobstanteclausebyprovidingthatallmatterwhichare
meanttobeprovidedthroughstatutes,ordinancesunderSection25and27,respectively,shalltillsuchstatutesand
ordinancesaremadebegovernedmutatismutandisbythecorrespondingprovisionsinforceimmediatelybeforethe
commencementofthisAct.
AcceptedpositionisthatinconsonancewiththeprovisionsoftheActinquestion,statuteshavebeenframedknown
asthefirstStatutesoftheNationalInstituteofTechnologyAct,2007andinthesaidStatutesinquestion,statute
23,asalreadyextractedabove,dealswithappointmentsandproceedstomentionthatthereservationofpostsshall
beinaccordancewiththerulesoftheCentralGovernmentandthattheRulesapplicabletotheCentralGovernment
employeesshallalsoapply.Forfillingupofposts,constitutionofselectioncommitteeforacademicstafffor
technicalpostsandforadministrativeandministerialstaffhasbeenprovidedfor.Thegeneraltermsandconditions
ofserviceofpermanentemployeeshavealsobeenbeenprovidedforalongwithothermatters.
UnderChapter3,Section30thereisaCouncilcomprisingofhighdignitariesandunderSubsection1ofSection32,
itisthedutyoftheCounciltocoordinatetheactivitiesofalltheInstitutesandundersubsection(2)ofSection32
withoutprejudicetotheprovisionsofsubsection(1),theCouncilisdutyboundtoperformfollowingfunctions
namely:
(a)toadviseonmattersrelatingtothedurationofthecourses,thedegreesandotheracademicdistinctionstobe
conferredbytheInstitutes,admissionstandardsandotheracademicmatters
(b)tolaydownpolicyregardingcadres,methodsofrecruitmentandconditionsofserviceofemployeesandothers.
TheRules/Policyinquestionhavebeenframedinexerciseofauthorityvestedunderclause(b)ofsubsection(2)of
Section32oftheAct,andoncepolicyhasbeenframedthenasperthetermsofpolicy,ithastoberatifiedbythe
BoardandtheBoardinitsturnhasratifiedthesameandfromthesaiddateithastobeacceptedasenforceable,in
thisbackgroundaspertherespondentsthenpetitionerslegitimatelycanhavenogrievanceonthesaidscoreand
implementationofsaidpolicydecisioncannotbeblocked,ashasbeenrequestedinthepresentcasebythe
petitioners.
FramingofpolicydecisioniscertainlythedomainoftheCouncilconcerned,butinwhatwayandmannerthesaid
policyistobeimplementedandgiveneffectto,isanissuetobeansweredbyus.Rules/Policyinquestionhasbeen
approvedbytheBoardinitsexistingformat,andbasedonsaidRules/Policy,Boardisimplementingthesame,and
thegrievanceisthatwithoutstatutorysanction,thesamecannotbeimplementedandgiveneffectto.Undersub
section(1)ofSection34,theCentralGovernmentbynotificationisempoweredtomakerulestocarryoutthe
purposesofChapterIII.Subsection(2)ofSection34providesthatinparticulartothegeneralityoftheforegoing
powers,suchrulesmayprovideforalloranyofthefollowingmatters,namely:
(a)thetravellingandotherallowancespayabletomembersoftheCouncilundersubsection(5)ofsection31and
(b)theproceduretobefollowedinthemeetingsoftheCouncilundersubsection(4)ofsection33.
Subsection(3)ofSection34clearlyprovidesthateveryrulemadebytheCentralGovernmentunderthisChapter
shallbelaid,assoonasmaybeafteritismade,beforeeachHouseofParliament.
HeretherulesinquestionhavebeenframedandthesaidruleshavebeenapprovedbytheBoardbuthavenotatall
beenplacedbeforetheParliament.TheCentralGovernmentisauthorizedtomakerulestocarryoutthepurposeof
thisChapterandincasetheCentralGovernmentintendstomakerulestocarryoutthepurposeofthischapter,then
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certainlythesaidruleswillhavetofacethetestofsubsection(3)ofsection34.Subsection(2)dealswithspecific
subjectonwhichrulescanbeframedi.e.(a)travellingandotherallowancespayabletomembersoftheCouncil
undersubsection(5)ofSection31and(b)theproceduretobefollowedinthemeetingsoftheCouncilundersub
section(4)ofsection33.Asfarassubsection2ofSection34isconcerned,ifrulesaretobeframedonthesaid
subject,thensubsection3ofsection34istobecompliedwithandsimilarly,ifCentralGovernmentmakesrulesby
notificationtocarryoutthepurposeofthischapter,thenalsoithastogothroughtheprocessofsubsection(3)of
section34.
Inthepresentcase,acceptedpositionisthattheCentralGovernmenthasmaderulesandRule1mentionsthat
theseRulesmaybecalled'TheN.I.T.FacultyRecruitmentRules,2013'anditshallcomeintoforcefromthedateof
theiracceptance/adoptionbytheBoardofGovernorsofconcernedInstitute.Italsocontainsconditionthatitisbare
minimumandtheBoardofGovernorscanfixhigherbenchmark,higherthantheprescribedinconsultationwiththe
CouncilofN.I.T.s.TheseRulestilldatehavenotatallbeennotifiednortilldateithasbeenlaidbeforetheHouseof
Parliament.
Respondentscorneredwiththisaresubmitting,thatitistruethatithasbeendescribedasRules,butthefactofthe
matteristhatitisnotaRule,andlabelshouldnotmatter,andonitsfacevalueitshouldbeacceptedasapolicy
decisionandnothingbeyondthesame.
TheCouncilisempoweredtolaydownpolicydecisionregardingcadres,methodofrecruitmentandconditionsof
serviceofemployeesbutinwhatwayandmanneritistobeimplementedandgiveneffectto,iscertainlyamatterof
concern.
Section25clearlyprovidesthatstatutesmayprovideforalloranyofthefollowingmatters:(a)thequalificationof
teachersoftheInstitutes(b)theclassification,themethodofappointmentandthedeterminationofthetermsand
conditionsofserviceofteachersandotherstaff.Thissectioniswideenoughtocoverentirefieldpertainingto
teachersoftheInstituteandincaseanythingtouchingthesaidsubjectistobeprovidedfor,thenithastobe
providedthroughstatutes.
Inthepresentcase,thesocalledRules/Policyisinreferencetorecruitmentdeputation/contractualappointment
disqualificationsotherconditionsofservicequalificationsandotherrequirementsofselectionandallthesematters
aretobeprovidedbyStatutes.EvenundertheFirststatutescoveringsuchheads,variousprovisionshavebeenin
factintroducedandifithastobesupplementedandnewconditionsofservicewithneweligibilitycriteriaistobe
introduced,thentheStatuteswillhavetobeaddedbynewstatutesorbyadditionalstatutesandsaidexercisehas
tobeundertakenbytheBoardbutsamewillrequireapprovaloftheVisitor.Onceprescribedprocedureisthereinthe
statutes,thenconsentofVisitorisrequiredtobeundertakenandoncetheconsentofVisitorhasnotbeen
undertakeninthecaseinhand,theninviewofthis,theinevitableconclusionisthattheCouncilhasgotauthorityto
framepolicydecisionandtheinstitutesaredutyboundandobligatedtocomplywiththesameandaccordingly,even
iftheBoardhasproceededtoapprovethesameintheabsenceofapprovalbytheVisitor,ithastobeconsideredas
"Statuteinthemaking"or"Statuteinprocess"i.e.itisincompleteandneithervalidnoreffectiveasaStatute.
Oncethestatutoryprovisions,provideforanacttobedoneandperformedinparticularmanner,thenthesaidact
hastobeperformedaccordingly,inthemannerprescribedbytheauthorityvestedwiththepowertoactunderthe
statutoryprovisions.HereeverynewstatuteoradditiontotheStatuteoranyamendmentorrepealofStatute
requirespriorapprovaloftheVisitor,whomaygrantassentorwithholdassentorremittotheBoardfor
consideration.Thereisamandateprovidedforthatanewstatuteorstatuteamendingorrepealinganexisting
statuteshallhavenovalidityunlessithasbeenassentedbytheVisitor.Oncelawlaysdowntheprocedureandalso
providesforthatanewStatuteorStatuteamendingorrepealinganexistingStatuteshallhavenovalidity,then
takingassentoftheVisitorispartandparcelofStatutemakingprocess,anduntilandunlesssaidexerciseisnot
undertaken,theStatutewillhavetobeacceptedandtreatedasincomplete.Thereappearstobeapurposefortaking
assentofVisitor,asheretheVisitorisnooneelsebutthePresidentofIndiaasperSection9oftheActandVisitor
isnotanornamentalhead,ratherundersubsection2ofSection9,theVisitormayappointoneormorepersonsto
reviewtheworkandprogressofInstituteandtoholdenquiriesthereofandtoreportinsuchmannerasVisitormay
direct.SubSection3ofSection9empowerstheVisitor,uponreceiptofreporttotakesuchactionasheconsiders
necessaryinrespectofmatterdealtwithinreportandInstitutesaredutyboundtocomplywiththesame.Visitoris
notarubberstampwhenhereceivestheStatute(AmendedNewAdditional)forhisconsideration,heholdsa
uniquepositionasVisitorisfreetowithholdassentandevenremitthesameforreconsideration.Thesocalled
'Rules'havetobeintroducedthroughstatutoryforumi.e.byincorporatingthesameandmakingthesameaspartof
theStatuteandadmittedlythesamehasnotbeendone.
Inviewofthis,asfaraspolicydecisionisconcerned,framingofpolicydecisionisinthedomainoftheexpertbody
i.e.theCouncil,butitsimplementationcertainly,hastotakeplaceasperthestatutoryprovisionsthatholdsthefield
andinthepresentcase,oncethepolicydecisionisinreferencetothesubjectthatfallswithinthedomainofthe
statutes,thensuchpolicydecisionhastobeincorporatedinthestatuteaspertheprovisionforamending,altering
andaddingstatutesi.e.bytakingassentfromtheVisitorandmereratificationofthesamebytheBoardwillnotbe
sufficient.
Inviewoftheabove,tillthesaidpolicydecisionisnotmadepartofthestatuteandassentisnottakenbythe
Visitor,thesamecannotbeenforced.Inviewofthis,futureactionbasedonsaidRulesbekeptonholdtillsaid
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RulesarenotmadepartoftheStatute.Anyactionthathasalreadybeentakeninthepastandalreadyattained
finality,innowaywouldbeeffectedbyourjudgement.
Writpetitionsaredisposedofwithaforementionedobservations/directions.
OrderDate:30.04.2015
A.Pandey

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