Unit - I

HOLY CROSS COLLEGE (Autonomous) TIRUCHIRAPPALLI - 620 002
II B.Sc. MATHEMATICS, SEM III, AUGUST 2014

MAJOR CORE 4: SEQUENCES AND SERIES
Subject Code : U12MA3MCT04
Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.1
Level: K
Type: MCQ
1.If { an } and { bn } are convergent sequences, converging to a and b respectively,

then { an + bn } is
a) oscillating between a and b
b) converging to a + b
c) converging to ab
d) diverging
Key:(b)converging to a + b
2.If { an } and { bn } are convergent sequences, converging to a and b respectively,
then { an - bn } is
a) may diverge to -
b)may diverge to +
c) converges to a - b
d) converges to ab
Key:(c) converges to a b
3. If { an } converges to a and { bn } converges to b0, then

a) a + b
b) a b
an
bn
converges to
c) ab
d)
a
b
a
b
Key:(d)
4. If { an } converges to a and { bn } converges to b, then { anbn } converges to
a)
a
b
b) ab
c)
b
a
d) a2 b2
Key:(b)ab
5. If { an } converges l, then
a) l
b) l
a1 a 2 a3 ... an
tends to
c) 0
d) +
Key:(a)l
Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.1
n
( 1)
1.
2n 1
Level: U
Type: MCQ
is
a) converging to
1
2
b) converging to
1
2
c) diverging to -
d) oscillating between
1
2
1
2
and
Key:(d) oscillating between
1
2
and
1
2
2. {2 + (-1) } is
a) converging to 3
c) oscillating between 1 and 3
b) converging to 1
d) diverging to +
Key:(c) oscillating between 1 and 3
3. { n2} tends to
a) 0
b) +
c) -
d) 1
Key:(b) +
4. If an = (-1)n.n, then { an } is
a) an oscillating sequence
c) a divergent sequence
b) a convergent sequence
d) a bounded sequence
Key:(a) an oscillating sequence
5. If {an} = {n} and {bn} = {-n}, then {an+bn} is

a) converging to 0
b) diverging to +
c) diverging to -
d) oscillating between - and +
Key:(a) converging to 0
1

n
6. If {an} =
and {bn} = {n2}, then {an+bn}
a) converges
b) diverges
c) oscillates
Key:(b)diverges
d) bounded
1
n
7. If an = and bn = n, then {anbn}

a) converges to 1
c) oscillates between 0 and
b) diverges to +
d) tends to 0
Key:(a) converges to 1
an
bn
8. If an = n2 and bn = -n2, then

a) 1
b) -1
tends to
c) +
d) -
Key:(b) -1
1

n
9. If {an} =
and {bn} = {n2}, then {anbn} tends to
a) a definite limit
b) +
c) -
d) two different limits
Key:(b) +
10. If {an} =
a) 0
1

n
and {bn} = {n2}, then

b) +
an
bn
tends to
c) -
d) 1
Key:(a) 0
11. If an = n, bn = -n2, then {an + bn}
a) tends to 0
c) diverges to +
b) diverges to -
d) oscillates between - and +
Key:(b) diverges to -
(1) .n n
n
12.
a) tends to the limit 0
b) oscillates between - and +
d) oscillates between 0 and
c) tends to -
Key:(d) oscillates between 0 and
(1)
n
13.
a) converges
c) oscillates
b) diverges to +
d) diverges to -
Key:(c) oscillates
1 1 1 1 1
1, , , , , .....
2 3 4 5 6
14.The sequnce
a) oscillates
c) diverges to +
b)converges to 0
d) diverges to -
Key:(b) converges to 0
1 1 1 1
1, 1, , , , ,.....
2 2 3 3
15.The sequnce
a) oscillatory
c) convergent
is
b)divergent
d) unbounded
Key:(c) convergent
2n 3
n 3n 4
lim
16.
a) 1
b)
2
3
c)
Key:(b)
17.If an=
a) 0
1
n
d) 0
2
3
a a a ......an
lim 1 2 3
n
n
n, then
b) 1
3
4
c) -1
is
d) +
Key:(a) 0
Unit : I
Level: U
Sub Unit : 1.1

Type: M&C
1.Match the given sequences with their converging natures and choose the correct
answer:
1

n
1.
2.
3.
4.
The sequence
The sequence {-n}
The sequence {1+(-1)n}
The sequence n{1+(-1)n.2}
a) 1E, 2C, 3D, 4A
A) oscillates infinitely
B) is a constant sequence
C) diverges
D) oscillates finitely
E) converges
b) 1D, 2E, 3A, 4B
c) 1E, 2C, 3B, 4A
d) 1B, 2C, 3D, 4A
Key:(a) 1E, 2C, 3D, 4A

2.Match the given sequences with their converging natures and choose the correct
answer:
2 (1)
n
1.
2 n
2.
A) diverges
(1)
n2
n
B) converges
3n 1
3.
4. {(-1)n n}
a) 1D, 2A, 3E, 4B
C) oscillates finitely
D) monotonically increasing
E) oscillates infinitely
b) 1C, 2A, 3B, 4E
c) 1C, 2A, 3E, 4B
d) 1D, 2C, 3B, 4E
Key:(b) 1C, 2A, 3B, 4E
3.Match the given sequences with their respective converging natures and choose the
correct answer:
1.
2.
( 1) n
2
n
(1)
A) oscillatory
2
3
B) converges to
3.
2 n
3 n
C) diverges to
4.
1
2n
n
a) 1E, 2A, 3D, 4C
D) converges to zero
E) converges to one
b) 1D, 2A, 3E, 4C
c) 1D, 2A, 3B, 4C
d) 1E, 2C, 3B, 4A
Key:(b) 1D, 2A, 3E, 4C
Unit : I
Level: U
Sub Unit : 1.1
Type: A&R
1.
Of the following pair of statements one is an assertion and the other is a
possible reason. Read the statements carefully and choose the correct answer
from the key given:
1
Assertion :
n2
is a convergent sequence
1
n2
Reason :
tends to the unique limit 0 as n
a The assertion and reason are true statements and the reason is an adequate
explanation for the assertion.
b The assertion and reason are true statements and the reason does not explain
the assertion.
c The assertion is a true statement but the reason is a false statement.
d The assertion and the reason are false statement.
Key: (a) The assertion and reason are true statements and the reason is an adequate
explanation for the assertion
2.
Of the following pair of statements one is an assertion and the other is a possible
reason. Read the statements carefully and choose the correct answer from the key
given:
Assertion:
{(-1)n} is an oscillating sequence.
Reason :
{(-1)n} is a bounded sequence.
a) The assertion and reason are true statements and the reason is an adequate
b) The assertion and reason are true statements and the reason does not explain
the assertion.
c) The assertion is a true statement but the reason is a false statement.
d) The assertion and the reason are false statement.
Key: (b) The assertion and reason are true statements and the reason does not
explain the assertion
3.
given:
Assertion :
1

n
is a convergent sequence
1

n
Reason :
is a bounded sequence
the assertion.
Key:
(b) The assertion and reason are true statements and the reason does not
4.
given:
{(-1)n n} converges
{(-1)n n} is bounded
Assertion :
Reason :
the assertion.
Key:(d) The assertion and the reason are false statement.
5.
reason. Read the statements carefully and choose the correct answer from the
key given:
1,
Assertion :
1 1 1 1 1
, , , , .....
2 3 4 5 6
1,
oscillates
1 1 1 1 1
, , , , .....
2 3 4 5 6
Reason :
is unbounded
the assertion.
Key:(d) The assertion and the reason are false statement.
6
.Of the following pair of statements one is an assertion and the other is a possible
given:
Assertion :
1 1 1 1
1, 1, , , , ,.....
2 2 3 3
converges
Reason
1 1 1 1
1, 1, , , , ,.....
2 2 3 3
is unbounded
the assertion.

Key: (c) The assertion is a true statement but the reason is a false statement.
Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.1
Level: K
Type: VSA
1. Define a sequence.
2. What is the difference between a set and a sequence?
3. Define the limit of a sequence.
4. Define a convergent sequence with an example.
5. When can you say that a sequence diverges to ?
6. Define an oscillating sequence
7. Given an example of a sequence which oscillates finitely.
8. Give an example of a sequence which oscillates infinitely.
9. Give an example of a sequence which oscillates between 0 and .
10. Give an example of a convergent sequence.
11. Give an example of a divergent sequence.
12. Give an example of an oscillating sequence.
13. When can you say that a sequence diverges to -?
Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.1
Level: U
Type: VSA
n 1
2n 3
1.What is the limit of the sequence
2.What is the limit of the sequence
( 1)
n
n 1
3 What is the limit of the sequence
4. What is the limit of the sequence
2
1
3
5. What is the limit of the sequence
n2 3
1 1 1 1
1, , , , ,.....
2 3 4 5
6. What is the nature of the sequence
n

2n 1
n
( 1)
n (1) 2n
n
n(1 (1) )

10. What is the nature of the sequence { 2+(-1)n }?
1

n
1

n
2
n
12.What is the nature of the sequence
13.What is the nature of the sequence
2
n sin
n
1
3
n sin
n
n 2
2
n 2 1
2
n 1
n 1
Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.1
Level: U
Type: PA
1. If {an} and {bn} are convergent sequences, then prove that {a n + bn} is also a
convergent sequence.
2. If the sequences {an} and {bn} are both convergent, then prove that {a n - bn} is
also convergent.
3. If {an} converges to a and {bn} converges to b(0),then prove that

to
a
b
an
bn
Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.2
1.If
lim an
a)
converges
Level: K
Type: MCQ
and
lim an
b)
,then
c)
Key:(b)
d)
2.If {an} is not bounded above then

a)
lim an
b)
lim an
c)
lim an
Key:(d)
d)
lim an
lim an
3. If {an} is not bounded below then

a)
lim an
b)
lim an
c)
lim an
Key:(b)
Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.2
1. {-n} is
a) bounded above
b) bounded below
d)
lim an
lim an
Level: U
Type: MCQ
c) bounded both above and below

d) bounded neither above nor below.
Key:(a) bounded above
2. {2n} is
a) bounded above
b) bounded below
c) bounded both below and above d)bounded neither above nor below
Key:(b) bounded below
3.
n 1
n 2
is bounded
a) above but not below
c) both above and below
b) below but not above

d) neither above nor below
Key:(c) both above and below
(1) n
n
4.
is bounded
a) above
c) both above and below
b) below
d) neither above nor below
Key:(d) neither above nor below
lim
5.
1
n
is
a) 1
b) 0
c) +
d) -
Key:(b) 0
lim n
6.
is
a) +
b) -
c) 0
d) 2
Key:(a) +
Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.2
Level: U
Type: M&C
1.Match the sequences with their nature of boundedness and choose the correct
answer:
1. { n2 }
A) bounded both above and below
2. { -n2 }
B) bounded neither above nor below
1

n
3.
4. { (-1)nn}
a) 1E, 2D, 3A, 4B
C) bounded between 2 and 3

D) not bounded above
E) not bounded below
b) 1D, 2E, 3A, 4B
c) 1C, 2A, 3D, 4E
d) 1B, 2C, 3E, 4A
Key:(b) 1D, 2E, 3A, 4B

2.Match the sequences with their nature of boundedness and choose the correct
answer:
1
2
n
1.
A) bounded between -1and 0
1
1
n

2.
1

n
B) bounded between 3 and 5
3.
4. { 4+(-1)n}
C) bounded between 0and 1

D) bounded between 1 and 2
E) bounded between 2 and 3
a) 1C, 2E, 3A, 4B
b) 1C, 2D, 3A, 4B c) 1C, 2E, 3D, 4B
d) 1D, 2E, 3B, 4A
Key:(a) 1C, 2E, 3A, 4B

3.Match the limits with their values and choose the correct answer:
1.
lim (1) n
lim ( n)
2.
A) 0
B) +
lim ( n)
3.
C) -
lim
4.
1
n2
D)-1
E) 1
a) 1E, 2B, 3C, 4A
b) 1E, 2C, 3B, 4A
c) 1D, 2E, 3B, 4A
d) 1D, 2C, 3B, 4A
Key:(b) 1E, 2C, 3B, 4A

Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.2
1.
Level: U
Type: AR
Of the following pair of statements one is an assertion and the second is a

possible reason. Read the statements carefully and choose the correct answer.
Assertion : The inferior numbers do not exist for the sequence {-n2}
Reason : The sequence {-n2} is bounded above but not bounded below.
a The assertion and reason are true statements and the reason gives an adequate
explanation for assertion.
b The assertion and reason are true statements but the reason does not explain the
assertion.
Key: (a) The assertion and reason are true statements and the reason gives an
adequate explanation for assertion.
2.

Assertion
1

n
is convergent
1

n
Reason :
is a Cauchy sequence
the assertion.
3.

Assertion : {n } is not convergent

Reason :{n} is not a Cauchy sequence
the assertion.
4.

lim n
Assertion :
Reason : {n} has no inferior numbers.
the assertion.
Key: (c) The assertion is a true statement but the reason is a false statement
5.

Assertion : {n} has no inferior number
Reason :{n} is not bounded below
the assertion.
Key: (d) The assertion and the reason are false statement
6.

Assertion : {-n} has no inferior number

Reason :{-n} is not bounded above
the assertion.
7.

lim n
Assertion :
Reason : {n} is bounded below
the assertion.
Key: (b) The assertion and reason are true statements but the reason does not
Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Level: K
Type: VSA
When do you say that a set is bounded above?

When do you say that a set is bounded below?
Define the upper limit of a sequence.
Define the lower limit of a sequence.
State Cauchys principle of convergence of a sequence.
Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.2
1. Give an example of a sequence for which the upper limit does not exist.
2. Give an example of a sequence for which the lower limit does not exist.
Level: U
Type: VSA
Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.3
Level: U
Type: MCQ
1. {(-1)n is
a) a monotonically increasing sequence
c) a bounded sequence
b) a monotonically decreasing
sequence
d) an unbounded sequence
Key:(c) a bounded sequence
2.
n 1
is
a) monotonically decreasing
c) tending to the limit 0
b) monotonically increasing
d) tending to the limit
Key:(a) monotonically decreasing
n 1
3. The sequence
is
a) tending to the limit 0
c) monotonically increasing
b) neither increasing nor decreasing

d) monotonically decreasing
Key:(c) monotonically increasing
1
2
n
4. The sequence
is
d) tending to the limit 1
1
n
2
5. The sequence
is
d) tending to the limit
Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.3
1.
Level: U
Type: A & R
Of the following statements, the first is an assertion and the other is a possible
reason. Read the statements carefully and choose the correct answer from the
key given.
1. Assertion : The sequence {an} where an =
1
1
n
Reason
1
1
n

is a bounded sequence.
is bounded between 2 and 3
a The assertion and reason are true statements and the reason gives an adequate
b The assertion and reason are true statements and the reason gives an adequate
adequate explanation for assertion
2.

from the key given:
Assertion : The sequence {an} where an =

1
1
n
is a bounded sequence.
1
1
n

Reason :
is bounded between 1 and 2
(a) The assertion and reason are true statements and the reason gives an adequate
(b) The assertion and reason are true statements and the reason gives an adequate
(c) The assertion is a true statement but the reason is a false statement.
(d) The assertion and the reason are false statement.
3. Of the following pair of statements one is an assertion and the second is a possible
given:
Assertion : The sequence
1
2
n
is monotonically decreasing.
1
2
n
Reason : For the sequence

, an+1>an, n
4.

from the key given:
Assertion : The sequence {n+1} is monotonically increasing
Reason : For the sequence {n+1}, an+1>an, n

5.

from the key given:
Assertion : The sequence {-n} is monotonically increasing
Reason : For the sequence {-n}, an+1>an, n

Key: (d) The assertion and the reason are false statement
6.
from the key given:
Assertion : The sequence
1

n
is monotonically increasing
1

n
Reason : The sequence

is bounded
Key: (b) The assertion and reason are true statements and the reason gives an
Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Level: K
Type: VSA
Define a monotonically increasing sequence.

Define a monotonically decreasing sequence.
Is the sequence {(-1)n} monotonically increasing or not?why?
Give an example of a monotonically increasing sequence.
Give an example of a monotonically decreasing sequence.
Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.3
1. Is the sequence
2n 3
3n 4
monotonically increasing or decreasing?why?
2. Is
3. Is
4. Is
1 1 1
1, , , .....
2 3 4
Level: U
Type: VSA
1
n
2
1

n
a monotonically increasing sequence or not?why?
a monotonically increasing sequence or not?

a monotonically decreasing sequence or not?
5. Is
a monotonically decreasing sequence or not?
Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.3
Level: U
Type: PA
1
2
(anbn )
1. If an+1= (an+bn),bn+1=
to a common limit
, Show that the sequence {an} and {bn} converge
(an 1an )
2.If an+2 =
where an >0 Show that the sequence {a2n-1} and {a2n } are
both monotonic,one increasing and the other decreasing and also prove that
a a
1 2
{an} tends to
3.Prove that
1
2 3
1
lim 1 n
exists and find its limit.

a a ... an
lim 1 2
n
n
4. If {an} converges to l, then prove that
also exists and is equal
to l.
5.If {an} converges to a and {bn} converges to b,then prove that {anbn} converges
to ab.
6.State and prove Cauchys general principle of convergence.
Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.3
1.Prove that a sequence cannot converge to two different limits

2.Prove that a monotonic sequence always tends to a limit finite or infinite.
Level: K
Type: PA
1
1
1
.....
2n
n 1 n 2
3. If an=
Show that the sequence {an} tends to a limit.
4. Prove that the necessary and sufficient condition for the sequence {an} to
converge is that
lim an lim an
Unit : I
Sub Unit : 1.3
Level: U
Type: E
1.a)Prove that
1
lim 1 n

(7)
a a ... an
lim 1 2
n
n
b) If {an} converges to l, then prove that
to l.
(8)
2.a)If {an} converges to a and {bn} converges to b,then prove that {anbn} converges
to ab.
(7)
b)State and prove Cauchys general principle of convergence.
(8)
1
lim 1 n
3.a)Prove that
b)State and prove Cauchys general principle of convergence.
(7)
(8)
4.a)If {an} converges to a and {bn} converges to b,then prove that {anbn} converges
to ab.
(7)
a1 a2 ... an
lim
n
n
b) If {an} converges to l, then prove that
to l.
(8)
Unit : I
Sub Unit:1.3
Level: K
Type: E
1.a)Prove that a sequence cannot converge to two different limits

b)Prove that a monotonic sequence always tends to a limit finite or infinite.
(7)
(8)
1
1
1
.....
2n
n 1 n 2
2. a) If an=
Show that the sequence {an} tends to a limit.
b) Prove that the necessary and sufficient condition for the sequence {an} to
lim an lim an
converge is that
3.a)Prove that a sequence cannot converge to two different limits
b) Prove that the necessary and sufficient condition for the sequence {a n} to
converge is that
lim an lim an
(7)
(8)
(7)
(8)
1
1
1
.....
2n
n 1 n 2
4. a) If an=
Show that the sequence {an} tends to a limit. (7)
b)Prove that a monotonic sequence always tends to a limit finite or infinite. (8)

Unit - I

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Unit - I

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HOLY CROSS COLLEGE (Autonomous) TIRUCHIRAPPALLI - 620 002

II B.Sc. MATHEMATICS, SEM III, AUGUST 2014

1.If { an } and { bn } are convergent sequences, converging to a and b respectively,

3. If { an } converges to a and { bn } converges to b0, then

Key:(d) oscillating between

5. If {an} = {n} and {bn} = {-n}, then {an+bn} is

7. If an = and bn = n, then {anbn}

8. If an = n2 and bn = -n2, then

and {bn} = {n2}, then

a) tends to the limit 0

b) oscillates between - and +

d) oscillates between 0 and

Key:(d) oscillates between 0 and

Sub Unit : 1.1

a) 1E, 2C, 3D, 4A

b) 1D, 2E, 3A, 4B

c) 1E, 2C, 3B, 4A

d) 1B, 2C, 3D, 4A

Key:(a) 1E, 2C, 3D, 4A

c) 1C, 2A, 3E, 4B

d) 1D, 2C, 3B, 4E

Key:(b) 1C, 2A, 3B, 4E

a) 1E, 2A, 3D, 4C

c) 1D, 2A, 3B, 4C

d) 1E, 2C, 3B, 4A

Key:(b) 1D, 2A, 3E, 4C

{(-1)n} is an oscillating sequence.

{(-1)n} is a bounded sequence.

c) The assertion is a true statement but the reason is a false statement.

1.What is the limit of the sequence

2.What is the limit of the sequence

3 What is the limit of the sequence

4. What is the limit of the sequence

5. What is the limit of the sequence

6. What is the nature of the sequence

7. What is the nature of the sequence

8. What is the nature of the sequence

9. What is the nature of the sequence

11. What is the nature of the sequence

12.What is the nature of the sequence

13.What is the nature of the sequence

14. What is the nature of the sequence

15. What is the nature of the sequence

16. What is the nature of the sequence

17. What is the nature of the sequence

18. What is the nature of the sequence

3. If {an} converges to a and {bn} converges to b(0),then prove that

2.If {an} is not bounded above then

3. If {an} is not bounded below then

c) bounded both above and below

b) below but not above

C) bounded between 2 and 3

c) 1C, 2A, 3D, 4E

d) 1B, 2C, 3E, 4A

Key:(b) 1D, 2E, 3A, 4B

A) bounded between -1and 0

B) bounded between 3 and 5

C) bounded between 0and 1

a) 1C, 2E, 3A, 4B

b) 1C, 2D, 3A, 4B c) 1C, 2E, 3D, 4B

d) 1D, 2E, 3B, 4A

Key:(a) 1C, 2E, 3A, 4B

a) 1E, 2B, 3C, 4A