SingleRAN Cloud BB Solution 03

Huawei Cloud BB Solution
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Contents
Challenge and Solution Overview
Cloud BB Hardware Architecture
Cloud BB Coordination Solution
Page 2
Why Go for Cloud BB Solution-Saving TCO & Improving QoE

TCO
Increasing CAPEX&
OPEX when adding
sites for MBB traffic
Centralized BBU for

decreasing TCO
Challenges
Cloud BB
Solution
Decreasing Cell
Edge Experience
due to interference
Coordination
Across BBU
improving QoE
Edge
Page 3
HUAWEIs Understanding of Cloud BB Evolution

BB Virtualization in future
Based on General Purpose
CPU with L1 accelerators;
Cloud BB
Low power consumption with

high performance
Open API
BBU Coordination for inter CELL coordination

Coordinated technology to
improve network throughput .
Centralized BBU for TCO saving
Site Space Saving
Energy Saving
O&M Simplified
Page 4
HUAWEI Cloud BB solution overview
Macro Site
Intelligent Coordination
UL CoMP
Carrier Aggregation (CA)
Coordinated Scheduling & Power Control (CSPC)

Same Frequency Network(SFN)
RRU
GE/10GE
S1/Se/X2/eX2
Fiber
CPRI
Access
Network
GE
S1/Se/X2
GE
S1/Se/X2/eX2
Fiber 10GE
eX2
solution 1Centralized BBU

solution 2Distributed BBU(USU)

Page 5
solution 3Distributed BBU

(relaxed backhaul)
Industry Standardization Progress

NGMN
NGMN P-CRAN project, start from
march 2011 by
CMCC(CMCC/FT/DT/KT/STK/Telus/Hu
awei/ZTE/ALU/NSN/EricssonIntel)
Phase1: CRAN Architecture,

TCO saving analysis, DU Cloud
interworking concept. eX2 extended
interface concept
Phase2: Function split DU Cloud

and RU, BB virtualization research
3GPP
ETSI ORI
Open Radio equipment Interface
RU-DU(CPRI) interface open
ORI R1 released in 2012, support

CPRI 4.1, support UMTS/LTE
ORI R2 2013Q1 released, support

CPRI 4.2, support 9.803 Gbps(line
speed)
ORI R3(CPRI 4.2) will release in

2014Q1, support CPRI 4.3, support
GSM CPRI, LTE CPRI compression,
support tree, ring connection
Before R12, no research on

Cloud BB
Features which related with
Huawei Cloud BB architecture:
R8:ICIC
R9:None
R10:CA,Comp, eICIC
R11:CA,Comp enhancement
R12:inter site CA
Page 6
Cloud BB Global Market Forecast

BBU Coordination
(Macro with Micro)
Traditional Macro
Site
BBU Stack
BBU Coordination
Macro with Macro
2012
96.5%
2.5%
0%
0%
2014
97.4%
3%
0.5%
0.1%
2016
90.4%
5%
1.6%
3%
BBU Stack is becoming important scenario in urban for TCO saving

BBU Coordination will deployed firstly in LTE High load network
As Small Cell market booming, Cloud BB (Macro with Micro) will deploy in hot part area in UMTS and LTE network.
Page 7
Contents
Page 8
Analysis of Cloud BB Solutions

BBU hotel
USU3910
USU3910
Dependency
Scenario
G
E
10GE
BBU
BBU
Centralized BBU
Distributed BBU(USU)
Distributed
BBU(Relaxed
Backhaul)
10us(microsecond)
130us
<4ms(millisecond)
Backhaul
Dedicated
Dedicated Network
Reuse Backhaul
Network
Bandwidth per BBU
Dedicated
1*10GE
100Mbps
Assumption baseline :
100%
80%
20~30%
Network Latency
(from BBU1 to BBU2)
Coordinator Feature Gain

Comparison
Huawei proprietary. No spread without permission.
Page 9
Cloud BB Architecture & Connection
Page 10
Centralized BBU Architecture

USU
BBU
S1/X2
Centralized BBU
Coordination data transfer across
centralized BBU
Backhaul
Network
eX2 over Optical Fiber

Centralized Cloud BB
RRU RRU
RRU
RRU
RRU
Recommended Application Scenario:

Deploy in areas with sufficient fiber for
saving OPEX and improving user experience
Distance between BBU&USU: <100 m
Distance between 1st Level USU& 2nd Level
USU:<100m
Page 11
Centralized BBU Connection Introduction

USU1
USU2
USU6
USU1
USU6
2nd Level USU

USU7
USU12
1st Level USU
BBU1
BBU10
BBU1
BBU10
BBU1
Maximum
120BBUs*36 Cells
BBU10
BBU1
BBU10
Centralized Cloud BB Specification

Max. Configuration
1 USU support 10 BBUs Max.(3 baseband for 1 BBU)

1 Cloud BB support 120 BBUs Max. (12 1st Level USUs+6 2nd Level USU)
Page 12
Cloud BB
Distributed BBU Architecture (USU)
Backhaul
Network
RRU
eX2 over Optical Fiber
BBU
S1/X2
RRU
Distributed Cloud BB
BBU
1st level USU
RRU
S1/X2
RRU
BBU
BBU-1st Level USU distance: 10km

BBU-BBU max. distance: 20km
E2E time delay:<130us
BBU
Recommended Application Scenario:

Request small scale centralized BBU and large area
coordination
Deploy optical transmission for eX2
Page 13
Distributed BBU (USU) Connection Introduction

Distributed Cloud BB Specification
2nd Level USU
Max.
Configuration
40GE
40GE
1st Level USU1

3910
10GE
10GE
1st Level USU 6
10GE
BBU1
BBU25
UCCU
10GE
UCCU
BBU1
UCCU
BBU25
UCCU
Page 14
1 USU support 25 BBUs Max.

1 Cloud BB support 150 BBUs Max.
(6*1st Level USUs)
Distributed BBU (Relaxed Backhaul) Architecture

Backhaul
Network
Coordination data transfer over legacy Backhaul
S1/X2
S1/X2
RRU
RRU
RRU
RRU
RRU
BBU
BBU
BBU
BBU
RRU
BBU
BBU
Distributed Cloud BB (Relaxed Backhaul)
BBU
Reuse the legacy S1/X2 backhaul to carry the coordination data

No need to deploy dedicated optical transmission network
Coordination gain depends on the latency of the transmission
RRU
Page 15
Transmission Solution for

Front Haul in Centralized Cloud BB
& in Distributed Cloud BB
Page 16
Front Haul Transmission Solution (Optical)

RRU
BBU
topology :Ring, Tree, Chain

RRU
Dark Fiber
RRU
Active WDM
Passive WDM
RRU
2

RRU
BBU
Passive WDM
Passive WDM
BBU
Solution
Dark Fiber (P2P Fiber)
Tech
RRU chain or loop;

BBU/RRU insert long distant white
Optic Mode
BBURRU insert long-distant color Optic

mode, passive WDM module
BBURRU are connected by short distant

optic directly, BB-RF over OTN
Sufficient fiber resource
Insufficiency fiber resource
Lack of fiber resource
BW.
10Gbps
80Gbps/800Gbps
80Gbps/800Gbps
Latency/
Jitter
5us/km
0ns
5us/km
1ns
<21us + 5us/km
3ns
Distance
20KM
20KM
15.8KM
Pros
Mature technical
Saving fiber
Saving more fiber
Cons
Most fiber consuming
High Maintenance cost
High device cost
Scenario
Passive WDM
Active WDM
Active WDM
Page 17
Front Haul Transmission Solution (Micro Wave: Not Recommend)
Solution
Tech
Scenario
BW.
Latency/
Jitter
Distance
Micro Wave (Not Recommend)

Only Eband can be used( 71-76,81-86 GHz)
Lack of fiber resource

2.5G
One hop 45us(next release 35us) Jitter 20ns. The current
version only support one hop, 2 hops is planning
1KM
Pros
Saving more fiber
Cons
Very Limited BW.
Page 18
Dark Fiber Case for Centralized BBU Deployment in

JAPAN
Page 19
LGU+ Korea CPRI over OTN Solution

Remote Site
Site 1
Site 2
4.9G CPRI
Remote Site
BBU Core Site
OSN 1800
Huawei: 18*RRUs per BBU/DU
4.9G CPRI
CRPI over OTN (w/p)
Mobile
Backhaul
OSN 1800
Core
Gateway
OSN 1800
4.9G CPRI
Site n
2.6GHz LTE-A RRU
Cloud BB
OSN 1800
Remote Site
4.9G CPRI
OTU2
Working
OTU2
4.9G CPRI
40 * OTU2
CP6 OTU2
4.9G CPRI
Protection
OSN1800
OTU2CP6
OSN1800
Page 20
4.9G CPRI
HUAWEIs View on Centralized Cloud BB Pros Vs. Cons

PROS
Cons
BBU Centralization may decrease device cost

including BBP, MPT & BBU box etc.
BBU Centralization need 40~50 times of CPRI

transmission backhaul
Coordinated feature, such as Inter-site CoMP,

increase cell edge throughput & improve KPI
Deploying coordinated feature need additional

switching board and box.
Considering the benefits and costs of Cloud BB, finding balance point in deploying Cloud BB at this stage is Important
Page 21
TCO Saving Case in China Mobile

TCO Saving Case Analysis by China Mobile
CAPEX Reducing
30%
OPEX Reducing
50%
50%
Statistics from China Mobile CRAN white

paper
Analysis Baseline
Based on indoor DBS
China southern urban city, 7 years TCO
Fiber linked to site directly, not include transmission deployment
CAPEX saving by 30%

Roof construction/Air Conditioner/Civil
Work/Equipment
OPEX saving by 50%
Site Rental greatly reduced
Page 22
Recommend Number of BBUs for Cloud BB
Huawei Viewpoint
3 BBU centralized, TCO can save 24.5% using direct fiber. 10 sites is
balancing point.
(fiber to site penetration: 95%)
China Mobile
8~10 BBU centralized is recommended for TCO saving.
(Fiber to site penetration: 80%)

Small scale is economical (~20 sites)
Dutch Telecom
Page 23
CPRI interface transmission optimization

CPRI Compression
BW (Gbps)
Interface Re-definition
BW (Gbps)
2.5
2.5G
50%
2.0
1.5
BBU
1.25G
800M
0.5
0
CPRI
67%
2011
RF
L1
RF
2012
2014
BB-RF
BBU
L1
L2
L3
TRP
L2
L3
TRP
Data: Huawei Research
Bandwidth reduction to: 1/3
Recommended
Bandwidth reduction to: 1/10

Less CoMP gain against traditional DBS
Difficult BB upgrade
Page 24
Contents
Page 25
Huawei Cloud BB Coordination Solution

Interleaving resource
CSPC
Joint Process
UL CoMP
CA
Eliminate the cell edge

SFN
ASFN
Cloud BB
Localized Macro
IP RAN
Distributed Macro
Hetnet
Eg. Micro
Page 26
Indoor Coverage
Eg. Lampsite
Intelligent CA to aggregate all possibilities

CA works everywhere in Cloud BB scenario
CA Scheduling with Load balance
Cell 0 + Cell1 CA
Cell 0 + Cell 2 CA
Cell 1
F2
Cell 2 F2
~30%
F2
Average
Throughput Gain
Load balance based on
Cell 0
both control plane and

F1
user plane resources.
F1
Increases user throughput

Increase spectrum resource
CA user
Cloud BB Combine resources for its serving cell with one
frequency and a number of other cells with different
frequencies.
Commercial 2014H1
Page 27
Non-CA user
Uplink CoMP introduces fastest uplink cell edge speed
UL CoMP Principle
Base
Band
RRU
UE1
UE2
cell edge
UE1: in cell edge, gain from
joint receiving
UE2 in cell center, gain from

interference attenuation
BBU
Cloud
BB
Intra-Site Uplink CoMP (eRAN3.0)
Inter-Site Uplink CoMP (eRAN7.0)
10%~200% cell edge gain;
15%~200% cell edge gain;
7%~10% cell average gain
9%~20% cell average gain
Page 28
Adaptive SFN/SDMA eliminates cell edge

SFN - Combine multiple cells into one
logical cell
SFN (Single Frequency Network) applicable scenarios
Scenarios 1: High site density, short Inter-site

distance
Normal
cells
SFN
Scenarios 2: Combine indoor coverage and
outdoor coverage
SFN
SFN
Adaptive SFN /
SDMA
72% throughput gain (vs.
normal SFN)
Scenario 3: High-speed railway coverage
Benefits: Reduce handoff, avoid call drop, improve user experience in cell edge
Page 29
CSPC improves cell edge throughput 30~220%

CSPC:(Coordinated Scheduling & Power Control )
Field Test in shanghai : 8 cells, 3 users on

center cell, 7 users on neighbor cells
CloudBB
UE1
UE2
Cell1
Cell2
* Available in eRAN7.0
Fast Coordination
Millisecond level
delay based on
Cloud BB
architecture
RB level
coordination
RB (Resource Block)
level
TTI level
power control
Adjust Tx power level
in adjacent cells per
TTI
Require time sync:
1.5s
Cell edge throughput: 150%200% Gain

Cell average throughput: 25%40%
Page 30
Gain
Case Study: Huawei Cloud BB in Japan, Softbank(1)

Reusing Existing PHS sites
160K PHS site across the whole country
Supper dense BTS deployment
High performance:
Omni antenna, Multi-antenna application
High BTS density: ISD = 100 ~ 200m
Limited site space
Need Interference control
Low TCO & High Performance of the super dense network is most
concerned
Page 31
Case Study: Huawei Cloud BB in Japan, Softbank (2)

Centralized Cloud BB for Saving TCO
Improved Performance
Easy Network Expansion

Saving Site Rental Cost due
to centralized BBU
Reuse the dark fiber w/o
additional cost on fronthaul
High Network Reliability
Improved SINR: 10dB

By using SFN @ Cloud BB
Page 32
Case Study: Huawei Cloud BB in LGU+

Large Scale Cloud BB Help to reduce 70% Site Rental Cost
LGU+ Background:
Multi-band coexisting
2600M
20M
Large Scale Cloud BB

100+ Golden Cluster
Each Golden Cluster with 10 centralized
BBU
40M
2100M
15M
1800M
10M
900M
30M
360 cells per site
3M
LGU+, Korea
CA Based on Cloud BB to Getting Better User Experience
Quick Network Roll-out
LGU+ Background:
Rich in fibers & sites
macro
macro
Cloud BB
300
2000
2000
5000
4500
12000
Site On Air
Cell On Air
USU
Front
Haul
Dec
Jan
Feb
Improved Network Performance

To stabilize KPI for phase 1
Phase 2: CA, UL CoMP, DL CoMP CS
Huawei Confidential
Huawei Cloud BB Advantages Summery

Huawei Cloud BB Advantages:
Flexible Cloud BB Scenarios: Centralized BBU , Distributed BBU(USU),
Distributed BBU(Lite)
Highest Specification Centralized(120 BBU,360 cells),Distributed
BBU(150~300 BBU)
USU Synchronization One Clock source for all BBUs through USU
Transmission Support flexible transmission solution, including CPRI
Compression, WDM
Intelligent coordination : inter-site CA, inter-site SFN , CSPC, inter-site UL
Comp
Page 34
Cloud BB Deployment Suggestion

Very High Request on Transmission Resource, Fiber to Site is Mandatory
Centralized Cloud BB request 20 to 25 times transmission resource.
Distributed Cloud BB(USU) request at least 10GE in each site.

Cloud BB suggested to deploy in dense Urban area(Dense site , high
traffic scenario)
For CSPC, only the network load reach about 30%, the gain make sense
For inter site CA & Comp, the LTE sites is dense, it has higher gain.
Page 35
APPENDIX
USU Product Introduction & Connection
Page 36
USU3910 Introduction
USU3910
USU3910 introduction
Switching Unit for BBUs
ULPU board
Support 2-Level architecture

HEI:
Module
Specification
Remark
USU3910
86mm(H) *
442mm(W) *
420mm(D)
Temperature : -5~50
UEFU: Switch
Fabric Board
12*CXP interface
&
14*SFP interface
For clock and control

panel data interconnection
ULPU: Line
Process Board
30 QSFP
For BBU or USU3910

connection
QSFP module. Connecting to BBP HEI port, or

UCCU QSFP port on BBU
UEFU board
Fabric:
CXP module. Connecting to CXP Fabric port
between level 1 & level 2 USU3910
CI UL:
SFP module. Uplink CI port connecting to CI
DL port on level 2 USU3910
CI DL:
SFP module. Downlink CI port connecting to CI
UL port on USU3910 or UMPT
Page 37
Centrialized Architecture Connection Level 1: BBU & USU

Fiber between ULPU QSFP and
BBP HEI port, with IBDL (Internal
Baseband Data Link) data
UEFU
ULPU
F
A
N
BBP
BBP
BBP
BBP
Fiber between UEFU SFP and

UMPT CI port, with ICDL (Internal
Control Data Link) data
UPEU
BBP
UPEU
UMPT
BBP
F
A
N
BBP
BBP
BBP
BBP
UPEU
BBP
UPEU
BBP
UMPT
BBU4
BBU0
Max. Distance
100 meters between USU and BBU
Max. Configuration
1 USU support 5 BBUs Max. (6 baseband for 1 BBU);

Or 1 USU support 10 BBUs Max.(3 baseband for 1 BBU)
Page 38
Centrialized Architecture Connection Leve 2: USU & USU

Level 2
USU0
USU1
UEFU
UEFU
UEFU
UEFU
Fiber between two CXP ports,

with IBDL (Internal Baseband
Data Link) data
USU5
UEFU
UEFU
Fiber between two CI ports, with

ICDL (Internal Control Data Link)
data
Level 1
UEFU
UEFU
ULPU
ULPU
USU0
UEFU
ULPU
USU1
USU11
Max. Distance
100 meters between USU and USU
Max. Configuration
Max 12 Level 1 USU

Max 6 Level 2 USU
Max 120 BBUs connection under 2 Level USU3910 architecture
Page 39
Distributed Architecture Connection Leve 1: BBU & USU

Uplink to level 2 USU
Fiber between ULPU QSFP and

UCCU QSFP port, with IBDL+ICDL
data
UEFU
ULPU
Fiber between Level 1 and Level 2

USU
F
A
N
BBP
BBP
BBP
BBP
UCCU
BBP
UPE
U
F
A
N
UPEU
UMPT
BBP
BBP
BBP
BBP
UCCU
BBP
UMPT
BBU0
UCCU
BBU1
UPE
U
UPEU
F
A
N
BBP
BBP
BBP
BBP
UCCU
BBP
UMPT
UPE
U
UPEU
BBU24
QSFP connect to BBP HEI port

QSFP
QSFP
QSFP
QSFP QSFP
QSFP
RUN
ALM
ACT
QSFP connect to ULPU QSFP port in level 1 USU
Max. Distance
Max 10 km between USU and BBU. Max 20km between 2 BBUs
Max. Configuration
1 USU support 25 BBUs Max
Page 40
Distributed Architecture Connection Leve 2: USU & USU

Level 2
UEFU
Fiber between Level 1 and Level 2

USU
ULPU
Level 1
UEFU
ULPU
USU0
UEFU
ULPU
USU5
Max. Distance
Max 10 km between USU and BBU. Max 20km between 2 BBUs
Max. Configuration
Max 6 Level 1 USU

Max 1 Level 2 USU
Max 150 BBUs connection under 2 Level USU3910 architecture
Page 41
Cloud BB Solution Architecture Overview

Core Network
sRIO/sCPRI
10GE/40GE
Access
Network
1
Centralized
BBU
Access
Network
Distributed
BBU(USU)
USU3910
sRIO/sCPRI
USU3910
GE
Access
Network
USU3910
MSU
10GE
Eth
Distributed
BBU(Lite)
BBU
BB
U
USU3910
USU3910
sRIO/sCPRI ICDL
Eth
USU3910
Eth
Eth
BBU
BBU
BBU
BBU
BBU
BBU
BB
BB
BB
UCCU
UCCU
UCCU
MPT
MPT
MPT
MPT
MPT
MPT
BBU
BBU
MPT
MPT
USU
USU
BBU
G
E
10GE
BBU
BBU
Page 42
Thank you
www.huawei.com
Copyright 2011 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved.
The information in this document may contain predictive statements including, without limitation, statements regarding the future financial
and operating results, future product portfolio, new technology, etc. There are a number of factors that could cause actual results and
developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the predictive statements. Therefore, such information is provided for
reference purpose only and constitutes neither an offer nor an acceptance. Huawei may change the information at any time without notice.

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Huawei Cloud BB Solution

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Challenge and Solution Overview

Cloud BB Hardware Architecture

Cloud BB Coordination Solution

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Why Go for Cloud BB Solution-Saving TCO & Improving QoE

Centralized BBU for

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEIs Understanding of Cloud BB Evolution

Low power consumption with

BBU Coordination for inter CELL coordination

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI Cloud BB solution overview

Carrier Aggregation (CA)

Coordinated Scheduling & Power Control (CSPC)

solution 1Centralized BBU

solution 2Distributed BBU(USU)

solution 3Distributed BBU

Industry Standardization Progress

Phase1: CRAN Architecture,

Phase2: Function split DU Cloud

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

ORI R1 released in 2012, support

ORI R2 2013Q1 released, support

ORI R3(CPRI 4.2) will release in

Before R12, no research on

Cloud BB Global Market Forecast

BBU Stack is becoming important scenario in urban for TCO saving

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Challenge and Solution Overview

Cloud BB Hardware Architecture

Cloud BB Coordination Solution

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Analysis of Cloud BB Solutions

Bandwidth per BBU

Coordinator Feature Gain

Huawei proprietary. No spread without permission.

Cloud BB Architecture & Connection

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei proprietary. No spread without permission.

Centralized BBU Architecture

eX2 over Optical Fiber

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei proprietary. No spread without permission.

Recommended Application Scenario:

Centralized BBU Connection Introduction

2nd Level USU

1st Level USU

Centralized Cloud BB Specification

1 USU support 10 BBUs Max.(3 baseband for 1 BBU)

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei proprietary. No spread without permission.

Distributed BBU Architecture (USU)

eX2 over Optical Fiber

BBU-1st Level USU distance: 10km

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Recommended Application Scenario:

Huawei proprietary. No spread without permission.

Distributed BBU (USU) Connection Introduction

1st Level USU1

1st Level USU 6

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

1 USU support 25 BBUs Max.