B3 1

Exam-style questions
Name:

Class:

Exchange of materials
1

The diagram shows two plant cells that have been immersed for the same time in different
solutions.

(a) Label the parts numbered 1, 2, 3 and 4 in cell B.

(4)

(b) The contents of cell B have shrunk because water has moved out of the structure labelled 4.
What process is most likely to have caused this water to move out?
.............................................................................................................................................

(1)

(c) One cell has been immersed in distilled water and the other in a solution of sugar. Which cell
has been immersed in distilled water?
.............................................................................................................................................

(1)

(d) The structure labelled 2 in cell B allows water to pass across it, but not other substances
such as sugar. What name is given to structures that have this property?
.............................................................................................................................................

(1)

(e) Explain how cells in the same state as cell A can help to support the leaves of plants.
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AQA Science Nelson Thornes Ltd 2006

B3 1

(3)

B3 1
Exam-style questions
Continued
2

(a) Complete the table below by writing Yes or No as appropriate.

Diffusion

Osmosis

(5)
Active transport

Occurs against a concentration

gradient
Needs energy
Method by which oxygen is
absorbed in the lungs
Method by which digestive
products are absorbed in the
gut
Method by which water is
absorbed by plant roots
(b) For the efficient transfer of materials by diffusion, the exchange surface needs to have certain
features, such as a large surface area, that increase the rate of diffusion. Name two other
features other than a large surface area that increase the rate of diffusion by an exchange
surface.
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(2)

(c) In each of the following situations, name the particular structure that is adapted to produce a
large surface area for the exchange of materials.
(i) Absorption of oxygen into the blood in the lungs.
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(1)

(ii) Absorption of glucose from the gut into the bloodstream.

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(1)

(iii) Absorption of water by the roots of plants.

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(1)

[Higher]

AQA Science Nelson Thornes Ltd 2006

B3 1

B3 1
Exam-style questions
Continued
3

The diagram shows a small portion of the surface of a leaf as seen under a microscope.

(a) Name the structures labelled A.

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(1)

(b) Stomata are small pores in the leaf through which carbon dioxide and other gases can be
exchanged between the inside of the leaf and the outside.
(i) What process in the plant requires this carbon dioxide?
.......................................................................................................................................

(1)

(ii) From what other process occurring within the plant cells might this carbon dioxide also be
obtained?
.......................................................................................................................................

(1)

(iii) By what process does this carbon dioxide enter the plant through stomata?
.......................................................................................................................................

(1)

(c) State two adaptations of leaves that produce a large surface area for the absorption of
carbon dioxide.
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AQA Science Nelson Thornes Ltd 2006

B3 1

(2)

B3 1
Exam-style questions
Continued
(d) Water vapour can be lost from the plant through stomata.
(i) What name is given to this loss of water vapour?
.......................................................................................................................................

(1)

(ii) Explain how this loss of water vapour can be controlled by the plant.
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(2)

(iii) The loss of water vapour is affected by environmental conditions. State three changes in
environmental conditions that would decrease the rate of water loss in plants.
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AQA Science Nelson Thornes Ltd 2006

B3 1

(3)