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ALLEY - Alley is any public space, public park moroughiare less than three (3) meters
but not less than two (2) meters in width which has been dedicated or deeded to the
public for public use.
ALTER OR ALTERATION - Alter or alteration is any change, addition or modification in
construction or
occupancy. (Change or repair). visit http://philarchreview.blogspot.com/
APPROVED - Approved means accepted or acceptable under an applicable
specificationstated or cited in this Code, or accepted as suitable for the proposed use
under procedures and powers at the authority.
AUTHORITY - Authority in this Code is mean to be the individual official, board,
department or agency established an authorized by the office of the President (R.A. No.
1378) to administer and enforce the provisions of this National Plumbing Code as
adapted or amended. (Prof. Sanitary Engineering) Plans and specs, (Master Plumber)
- Install
BACKFLOW - The flow of water into a water supply system from source other than its
regular source. Back siphonage is one type of backflow.
BAK PRESSURE - Air pressure in drainage pipes greater than atmospheric pressure.
BACK VENT PIPE - the part of a vent line which connects directly with an individual
trap underneath or behind the fixture and extends to the branch or main, soil, or waste
pipe at any point higher than the fixture or fixture trap it serves. This is sometimes called
an individual vent.
BALL COCK - a faucet opened or closed by the fall or rise of a ball floating on the
surface of water. - A float valve with a spherical float.
BALL JOINT - a connection in which a ball is held in a cuplike shell that allows
movement in every direction.
BATTERY OF FIXTURES - Battery of fixtures is any of two or more similar adjacent
fixtures which discharge into a common horizontal soil branch.
BELL OR HUB - that portion of a pipe which for a short distance, is sufficiently enlarged
to received the end of another pipe of the same diameter for the purpose of making a
joint.
BENDING PIN (OR IRON) - a tool used for straightening or expanding lead pipe.
BIBB - Synonymous with faucet is preferred. Faucet or Spigot.
BIDET - A plumbing fixture used for washing the middle part of the body, specially the
genitals. Also a sitz bath (Used to wash posterior parts of the body).
BLANK FLANGE - A flange that is not drilled.
BLIND FLANGE - A flange that closes the end of a pipe. There is no opening for the
passage of water. (Used for black iron pipes).
BLOW OFF - A controlled outlet on a pipe line used too discharge water or detritus. (In
otherwise
separate building water-supply pipes or a system through which or by means of which
water supply may flow from one system to the other, the direction of flow depending on
the pressure differential between the two systems.
DEAD END -The extended portion of a pipe that is closed at one end to which no
connections are made on the extended portion, thus permitting the stagnation of water
or air therein. (Water hammer arrester or air gap or air chamber).
DEVELOPMENT LENGTH -The length along the center line of the pipe and the fittings.
DIAMETER - Diameter of a pipe or tube shall mean the nominal internal diameter
(I.D.) of such pipe; except brass and copper tubing wherein the term shall mean the
outside diameter (O.D.) of tubing.
DOMESTIC SEWAGE - See sanitary sewage.
DOUBLE-BEND FITTING - A pipe fitting shaped like the letter S.
DOUBLE OFFSET - Two offsets in succession or in series in the same line.
DOWNSPOUT - The vertical portion of a rainwater conductor.
DRAIN - A sewer or other pipe or conduit used for conveying ground water, surface
water, storm water, or sewage.
DRAINAGE SYSTEM -The drainage pipes of a plumbing system take the water from
the plumbing fixtures and deliver it to the sewer or some other outlet. The drainage
pipes must be gas-light, and water-light. The passage of air, odors or vitamin from the
sewer into the building must be prevented.
DRY VENT - A vent that does not carry water or water- borne wastes.
DUAL VENT - See unit vent.
EXISTING WORK - The term existing work shall apply to those portions of plumbing
system which have been installed and approved prior to the contemplated additions,
collections, or corrections.
FAMILY - Family is one person living alone or a group of two (2) or more persons living
together, whether related to each other by birth or not.
FAUCET - A valve on a water pipe by means of which water can be drawn from or held
within the pipe. The valve is placed on the end of the pipe.
FERRULE - A metallic sleeve, called or otherwise, joined to an opening in a pipe, into
which a plug is screwed that can be removed for the purpose of cleaning or examining
the interior of the pipe.
FIXTURE - A receptacle attached to a plumbing system other than a trap in which water
or wastes may be collected or retained for ultimate discharge into the plumbing system.
FIXTURE BRANCH - The supply pipe between the fixture and the water distributing
pipe.
FIXTURE DRAIN - The drain from the trap of a fixture to the junction of the drain with
any other drain pipe.
FIXTURE UNIT - One fixture unit is equivalent to a flow rate of one (1) cubic foot of
water per minute or seven and a half (71/2) gallons of water per minute.
FLASHING - A piece of sheet metal fitted under another piece of flat metal or wood
over which water is expected to run.
FLOOD LEVEL - The level in a fixture at which water begins to overflow the top or rim
of the fixture.
FLOOR AREA - The area included within surrounding walls of a building (or portion
thereof), exclusive of vent shafts and courts.
FLUSH VALVE - A valve used for flushing a fixture by using water directly from the
water supply pipes or in connection with a special flush tank.
GATE VALVE - A valve in which the flow of water is cut off by means of a circular disk,
fitting against machine-smoothed faces, at right angles to the direction of flow. The disk
is raised or lowered by means of a threaded stem connected to the handle of the valve.
The opening in the valve is usually as large as the full bore of the pipe. visit
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GLOBE VALVE - A valve in which the flow of water is cut off by means of a circular disk
that fits against the valve seat. The plane of movement of the disk is parallel to the
normal direction of flow of water, which is turned through a tortuous passage to direct
the flow normal to the face of the disk.
GOOSE NECK - A return bend of small-sized pipe one end of which is about one (1)
foot long and the other end is about three (3) inches long. It is commonly used as a
faucet for a pantry sink. Also, the lead connection between a service pipe and a water
main.
GRADE - The slope or fall of a line of pipe in reference to a horizontal plane usually
expressed in percent.
GROUND WATER - The water that is standing in or passing through the ground.
GROUP VENT - A branch vent that performs its function for two (2) or more traps.
HEIGHT OF BUILDING - The vertical distance from the Grade Line to the highest
point of the coping of a flat roof or to the deck line of a mansard roof or to the average
height of the highest gab le of a pitch or hip-roof.
HORIZONTAL BRANCH - A branch drain extending laterally from soil or waste stack,
with or without vertical sections or branches, that receives the discharge from one or
more fixture drains and conducts it to the soil or waste stack or to the building drain.
HOUSE DRAIN - The house drain is that part of the lowest horizontal piping of a
plumbing system which receives the discharge from soil, waste, and other drainage
pipes inside of a buildings conveys it to the house sewer.
HOUSE STORM SEWER - A house storm sewer is the pipeline from the building to the
public storm
sewer system.
INDIRECT WASTE PIPE - A waste pipe that does not connect directly with the building
drainage system
RELIEF VENT - A relief vent is a vent the primary function of which is to provide
circulation of air between drainage and vent system.
REPAIR - The reconstruction or renewal of any part of an existing building for the
purpose of its maintenance. The word repair or repairs shall not apply to any change
of construction.
RETURN BEND - An open return bend, usually with inside threads, but applied also to
a one hundred eighty (180 degree) bend in a pipe.
REVENT PIPE - See back vent pipe.
RISER - A water supply pipe that extends vertically one full story or more too convey
water to branches or fixtures.
ROUGHING-IN - The installation of all pipes in the plumbing system that are in
partitions and under floors. It includes the plumbing work done before the setting of the
fixtures, or finishing.
SANITARY SEWAGE - The sewage containing human excrement and liquid household
waste; also called domestic sewage.
SANITARY SEWER - A sewer intended to receive sanitary sewage with or without
industrial wastesand without the admixture of surface water, storm water, or drainage.
SEAL - The vertical distance between the dip and the crown weir of a trap. Also, the
water in the trap between the dip and the crown weir.
SECONDARY BRANCH - And branch in a building drain other than the primary branch.
SEPTIC TANK - A septic tank is a watertight receptacle, which receives the discharge
of a plumbing system or part thereof, and is designed and constructed so as to separate
solids from the liquid digest the organic matter through a period of detention, and allow
the effluent to discharge into a storm drain; or directly to the ground outside the tank
through a system of open joint or perforated piping.
SERVICE PIPE - The pipe from the water main or source of water supply to the building
served.
SEWAGE - The liquid wastes conducted away from residences, business buildings,
institutions, industrial establishments; and with such ground, surface, and storm water
as may be present.
SEWER - A pipe or conduit for carrying sewage and waste liquids.
SEWERAGE, OR
SEWERAGE WORKS - A comprehensive term, including all construction for collection,
transportation,
pumping, treatment and final disposition of sewage.
SHAFT - A vertical opening through a building for elevators, dumb-waiter, ventilation or
similar purpose.
SHALL - As used in this Code, is mandatory.
SIAMESE CONNECTION - A wye connection used on fire lines so that two lines of
hose may be connected to hydrant or to the same nozzle.
VENT - A pipe or opening used to ensuring the circulation of air in plumbing system and
for reducing the pressure exerted on trap seals.
WET VENT - Wet vent is that portion of a vent pipe through which liquid waste flow.
WASTE PIPE - A waste pipe is a pipe, which conveys only liquid waste, free of fecal
matter.
YARD - A yard is an open, unoccupied space, other than a court, unobstructed from the
ground to the sky, except where specifically provide by this Code, on the lot on which a
building is situated.
REVERSE-TRAP
Water enters through rim punchings and through a jet that fills the rear trapway
completely, creating a siphon action and resulting in quick withdrawal of water from the
bowl. A water jet is located at the inlet of the trapway. Most of the bowl surface is
covered with water. This model is efficient but moderately noisy. Its cost is reasonably
low.
WASH-DOWN
Water enters through an open rim, as though a bucket of water were dumped into the
bowl, filling the front trapway and creating siphon action. This model provides quick
removal of water with minimum water rise. Small water surface makes the model more
vulnerable to soiling and clogging. This is the least efficient and most noisy type but
lowest in cost.
PRESSURE/TANKLESS
Strong flushing action is created by a jet of water directed into the rim and jet. The force
of the jet draws the bowl contents into the rear trap. It doesn't use siphonic action but
relies on the driving force of jet action. At flush valve 25 psi is needed with 1.5-in. inlet
spud. Large water surface and large trapway size make this model efficient and suitable
for commercial use. Flushing is very noisy. Expensive.
PRESSURE/TANK
A steel tank is located inside the china tank. Uses pressure from the water supply
system. A 1.5 in. water supply line provides 25 psi pressure, compressing trapped air in
the tank. When flushed the compressed air forces the water out. The bowl is designed
to accept the torrent of water. The crest of the surging water empties the bowl through
the enlarged trap. Large water surface makes this model efficient. Design features
make it suitable for residential use. Flushing is very noisy. Low water usage (1.5 gpf)
helps conserve water. Expensive.
COLOR
RED
ORANGE
YELLOW
MATERIAL PIPED
PIPE IDENTIFICATION
Carbon Dioxide
Carbon Dioxide
Acetylene
Acetylene
B.F. Gas
Gasoline
Gasoline
Grease
Grease
Hydrogen
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Oxygen
Oil
Oil
Tar
Tar
Producer Gas
Producer Gas
LPG
Vacuum-High
High Vacuum
Acid
Acid
Air-High Pressure
H.P. Air
Ammonia
Ammonia
Steam-High Pressure
H.P. Steam
Steam-Low Pressure
L.P. Steam
Water-Boiler Feed
Water-Hot
Hot Water
Water-High Pressure
H.P. Water
IDENTIFICATION OF
PIPE BY COLOR
GREEN
Air-Low Pressure
L.P. Air
Argon-Low Pressure
L.P. Argon
Helium-Low Pressure
L.P. Helium
Nitrogen-Low Pressure
L.P. Nitrogen
Water-Cold
Cold Water
Water-Distilled
Distilled Water
Water-Low Pressure
L.P. Water
Water-Treated
Treated Water