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Orthopaedic MCQs:

1. Bone metabolism:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

Osteoblast cells reabsorb bone.


Parathyroid hormone secretion is stimulated by hypercalcaemia.
Type 1 collagen fibres are the main protein constituent of bone.
Parathyroid hormone stimulates osteoclast activity.
Parathytoid hormone promotes renal excretion of calcium.

2. Factors affecting bone healing include:


(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

Type of bone fractured


Age
Mobility at the fracture site
Infection
Location of fracture

3. Early fracture complications include:


(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

Internal bleeding
Fat embolism
Nerve injury
Infection
Delayed union

4. The following muscles have their insertion on the humerus bone:


(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

Pectoralis minor.
Latissimus dorsi.
Trapezius.
Triceps brachii
Subscapularis.

5. The following muscles are hip abductors:


(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

Gluteus maximus.
Gluteus medius.
Tensor fascia lata.
Piriformis.
Gracilis.

6. The following statements are true regarding the pes anserinus:


(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

The biceps femoris tendon inserts there.


The sartorius tendon inserts there.
The gracilis tendon inserts there.
Is used as a site for harvesting for ACL reconstructive surgery.
Can become inflamed and painful in breast-stroke swimmers.

7. The following nerve palsys are commonly associated with:


(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

Axillary nerve palsy by shoulder joint dislocation.


Axillary nerve palsy by fractured shaft of humerus.
Ulnar nerve palsy by dislocation of elbow joint.
Median nerve palsy by fracture(s) around elbow.
Femoral nerve palsy by dislocation of the hip joint.

8. Risk factors for osteoporosis include:


(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy


rheumatoid arthritis
corticosteroid therapy
weight-bearing activity
hyperparathyroidism

9. Hip osteoarthritis:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

Is more common in men than women.


In a positive Trendelenburg Test the lifted leg hip rises.
An early sign can be pain on internal rotation of the hip joint.
Must be treated surgically with a total joint replacement.
Can be caused secondary to an inflammatory arthritis.

10. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL):


(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

Limits anterior displacement of the tibia relative to the femur.


ACL ruptures usually occur in isolation.
Is best repaired surgically using a hamstring tendon graft.
An ACL rupture can cause a haemarthrosis.
A positive Anterior Draw is diagnostic of a ACL rupture.

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