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Week 9 Solutions - ENB222

6-22

A steam power planet with a power output of 150 M W consumes coal at a rate of 60 tons/h.
If the heating value of the coal is 30,000 kJ/kg, determine the overall efficiency of this plant.
Convert 60 tons/h into kg/s
m
= (60 1000)/(60 60) = 16.67 kg/s
The maximum power output,
Q = mq
hv = 16.67 30, 000 = 500, 000 kJ/s
Compared with the actual output,
=

out
W
in
W

150,000
500,000

= 0.30

Therefore, the overall efficiency of the plant is 30%

6-52

A food refrigerator is to provide a 15, 000 kJ/h cooling effect while rejecting 22, 000 kJ/h of
heat. Calculate the COP of this refrigerator.
Information:
Q H = 22, 000 kJ hr1
Q L = 15, 000 kJ hr1
Work in,
net,in = Q H Q L = 22, 000 15, 000 = 7000 kJ hr1
W
Finding the Coefficient of Performance (COP )
COPR =

Q L
net,in
W

15000
7000

= 2.14

6-88

A geothermal power plant uses geothermal water extracted at 160 C at a rate of 440 kg/s
as the heat source and produces 22 M W of net power. If the environment temperature is
25 C, determine
(a) the actual thermal efficiency,
(b) the maximum possible thermal efficiency, and
(c) the actual rate of heat rejection from this power plant.
Information:
Tsource = 160 C
Tsink = 25 C
m
= 440 kg s1
out = 22 M W
W
(a)
=

out
W
Q in

Finding Q in
Q in = mc
p T
Recall, h = cp T
theref ore, Q in = mh

Finding h1 and h2
Table A-4
hsource = 675.55 kJ kg 1
hsink = 104.89 kJ kg 1
Q in = 440(675 104.89) = 251090 kJ/s = 251.1 M W
The thermal efficiency,
=

out
W
Q in

22
251.1

= 0.087 = 8.6%

(b)

The maximum thermal efficiency,


max = 1

TL
TH

=1

25+273
160+273

= 0.312 = 31.2%

(c)
Assuming that all other energy goes to heat,
out = 251.1 22 = 229.1 M W
Q out = Q in W

6-93C

Ir is well known that the thermal efficiency of heat engines increases as the temperature of
the energy increases. In an attempt to improve the efficiency of a power, somebody suggests
transferring heat from the available energy source to a higher-temperature medium by a heat
pump before energy is supplied to the power plant. What do you think of this suggestions?
Explain.
At best the increase in work produced will equal the work consumed by the heat pump. In
reality this never true; therefore, it would result in a decrease in thermal efficiency. Hence,
this is not a good suggestion.

6-97

A completely reversible refrigerator is driven by a 10 kW compressor and operates with


thermal energy reservoirs at 250 K and 300 K. Calculate the rate of cooling provided by
this refrigerator.
Information:
TL = 250 K
TH = 300 L
in = 10 kW
W

COP = WQ L
in
in COP
Q L = W
COPmax =

TL
TH TL

250
300250

=5

in COP = 10 5 = 50 kW
Q L = W

6-103

A heat pump is used to maintain a house at 22 C by extracting heat from the outside air on
a day when the outside temperature is 2 C. The house is estimated to lose heat at a rate of
110,000 kJ/h, and the heat pump consumes 5 kW of electric power when running. Is this
heat pump powerful enough to do the job?
Information:
TL = 2 C = 275 K
TH = 22 C = 295 K
Q H = 110, 000 kJ/h
Assuming that the heat pump works in a reversible manner,
COPhp,rev =

TH
TH TL

1
T
1 T L

1
275
1 295

= 14.75

Amount of work input required.


=
W

Q H
COPhp,rev

110,000
14.75

= 7457.627 kJ hr1

In kiloWatts.
=

7457.627
6060

= 2.071 kW

As 5 kW is greater than 2.07 kW the pump can do the job.

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