Professional Documents
Culture Documents
OLOGY- Science
Type of poisoning
a. from the medical point of view b. from the legal point of view
action of poison
a. local- the change or disturbance produced on the part with which the
Poison comes in contact ex.
the corrosion produced by corrosive poisons
b. remote- the changes or disturbance produced in distant parts away from
the Site of application ex.
Ex. dilation of the pupils when belladonna is taken orally
c. combined-the effect of the poison is not only localized at the site but also
affects remote
organs. Ex. phenol causes corrosion of the gastro-intestinal tract (local) and
causes
convulsion (action on the cord.)
5. chemical combination
6. mechanical combination
4. mode of administration.
KIND OF DOSE
1.safe dose - one that does not cause harmful effect
2. toxic or poisonous dose - one that is harmful to both healthy and sick.
3.lethal dose - one that kills.
4. minimum dose - is the smallest amount that will produce the therapeutic
effect without
causing harm.
5.maximum dose - is the largest amount that will cause no harm but at the
same
the desired therapeutic effect.
entrance of poison
POISON MAY ENTER TIES BODY Trough
1.mouth and are absorbed into the circulation after passing through the
stomach and
intestinal wall.
2. nose and enter the blood from the upper respiratory passages or lungs
3. eyes
4.rectum, vagina, urethra, bladder and ureter by injection
5.hypodermic injection
6.intravenous injection
ELIMINATION OF POISONS
5.milk
6.saliva
7.sweat
8.tears
3. Cathanics
2.emetics
5 .precipitants
4.demulcents
classes of emetics:
1.local emetics -- produce their effects by their irritation of the terminal
nerve filaments of the pharynx, esophagus or stomach
2.system or general emetics - produce their effects through the medium of
circulation.
CATHARTICS agents produce intestinal evacuation
Demulcents-these substance which soothe and protect the Which they are
applied
PRECIPITANTS - these are substances which prevent absorption of poisons by
precipitating them and rendering them soluble.
SPECIAL TREATMEN
A. If the poison is gas. - immediate need is fresh air and artificial respiration.
B. If poisoning is external. like bum on the hand by concentrated acid - wash
with plenty of water or with alcohol
sodium bicarbonate, lime water, milk magnesia.
C. if alkali burn -- wash with lemon or other citrus fruits.
D. if the poison has come a bite or injection - the poison can be checked from
spreading through the body by applying tourniquet or a restricting band
tightly above
the Wound. This retards the absorption of poison by the blood. The poison
may then
be remove by sucking.
POST-MORTEM APPEARANCE
POISON INDICATED
sulfuric acid
acid
c .corrosion and softening of tissue
of mouth and throat
D. severe corrosion without blackening
E. severe corrosion and yellow stain
alkalis
hydrochloric acid
nitric acid
ammonia
LAWS REGARDING SALE AND STORAGE OF POISON- The laws controlling the
sale and storage
of poisons are found under Sections 755 to 757 of the Administrative code.