HERON TOWER

Clients Heron: International

Architect: Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates
Structures and civil engineers: Arup
Services engineer: Foreman Roberts
Consultant facade: Emmer Pfenninger Partner AG
Consultant costs: Davis Langdon
Planning Consultants: DP9
The main contractor: Skanska UK
Project Manager: Mace
Height: 242 m
Number of floors: 47 floors

Heron Tower is a high rise office building in the City of London, designed by Kohn
Pederson Fox Associates for property development group Heron International. The
building provides more than 68000m2 floor space, which consists mainly of office

with a small number of retail on the ground and first floor. A restaurant and bar are
available in 38 to the 40th floor, is open to members of the public.
This building is one of the highest in the City of London. 47 floor tower rises to 203m
high, with a 39m pole taking the highest point to 242m.
The main requirements of the architecture design is to maintain an open, feeling
each building. This has been achieved by sub-dividing the tower into ten villages 3
floors, each with accommodation arranged around a central atrium.
Each village 3 floors separated from the front by a 2 hour fire rated floor
compartment, the principle behind the design of fire safety is to treat each village
as a 3-storey buildings linked by an open vacancy. This leads to the need to assess
the fire-rise as part of the public and fire safety strategy for structural fire protection
of buildings.
The building is also divided vertically into two zones, with accommodation and
atrium located in the north of the building and the core area containing a combined
fire / fire escape stairs and space plants located in the south.
Heron Tower is the main superstructure stress vierendeel tube that wraps around
the office floor. Office floor is supported by long-span (up to 14m) solid piece
Universal Beams act composite deck 130mm deep with re-entrant.
Structure tube
With the site is surrounded by roads on all sides, there is also limited space for
construction. The answer is a tube structure. This provides structural stability
required by a 46-storey building while maximizing floor space open (and therefore
the leased area).
To reach the office space that is flooded with daylight and has detached view of the
City of London, we took the unusual step of cutting a 'piece' vertically on one side of
the tube. The strength of the tube structure in continuous outer edge, so we
designed the framing system to 'stitch' open vertical edges together at key places

Solar shield

The south side of the building houses a double-decker elevators, cable and
fire exit. It also provides the Heron Tower with sun shield. Studded with
48,000 photovoltaic array, it supplies enough power for the needs of the
cellar. The top of the building houses a diesel generator to provide 100% of
standby power in case of power outage.
The tube has other advantages. This accelerated development because the
basement and the structure above can proceed together. Top-down approach
also means that the load-bearing capacity increases foundations advanced
construction. By configuring the base to match the demands placed on them
as the construction moved, we make construction much more expensive.
Designed office space for rent in pieces three floors, each with a glass atrium
overlooking the city. The interior can be configured individually for each
tenant.
Arup fire engineering practice in designing the layout of fire protection
engineering, fire protection to reduce all the major members (beams and
columns) of the 2-hour to 90 minutes and left unprotected secondary beams.
It is considered to be suitable, because of the structural form developed in
close coordination of structural engineers and firefighters and deliberately

designed to be strong if exposed to fire events.

To demonstrate that this would provide an adequate level of protection, the finite
element analysis performed using ABAQUS commercial modeling program.
The first stage is to agree on the basic design fire scenarios reasonable. Postflashover fire at a rate of only proposed as reasonable. However, because the
normal atrium through the floor to floor compartmentation, multilevel models with
lighter flame spread to all floors are also considered and evaluated.
The model is then created provide a realistic representation of the structure
including the temperature dependent material properties of non-linear, which is
necessary to capture the kind of large displacements seen in the structure under
fire load.
In a multilevel model, with a more severe fire, maximum deflection on the beam
without a condom is about 2m (Span / 7.2). For comparison, look at the Cardington
test series the ratio of the maximum deflection of about Span / 10 Comments girder
less protected with a maximum deflection of about 500mm (Span / 20). This model
shows that the stability and compartmentation is maintained. Multilevel models
showed a smaller beam deflection (approximately Span. / 10)
because less severe but more widely spread fire. Although influenced column for a
few floors, there is no indication of instability. An appropriate code layout of fire
protection (all blocks protected) from the floor model also assessed and showed
considerable structural movement. It is generally assumed that a building designed
for the requirements of the code will be relatively unaffected by the fire. This
analysis shows that a large deflection will occur in buildings that are fully protected

in the post - flashover fire. Finite element analysis also allows Arup Fire to show the
strength / stress and tension in the building and shows that stability is achieved.

Approval was given in December 2006, achieving significant savings for clients, not
only in terms of cost and weight reduction in future maintenance needs, but also
beneficial to the project and finishing the program better for the affected elements.
In addition, by reducing the amount of spray-on intumescent environmental impact
of buildings and danger to workers is reduced.
It is considered to have become the first building in the UK who have been approved
to use fire analysis stratified as a fundamental part of the approval process and is
now widely regarded as a benchmark for structural fire engineering in London.
To improve lettability, clients want complete flexibility to allow tenants village either
attach the atrium or leave them open for accommodation. Due to the open atrium
will introduce a direct route to smoke spread between levels, fire safety design is
developed using simultaneous evacuation regime in every village, and ensure that
occupants in all parts of the floor can always be separated from the atrium to
achieve core escape.
CFD analysis carried out in two parts. The first model was created to assess the
condition of the inhabitants of the upper floors of a village may be encountered as a
result of smoke spread through the atrium of a fire in the basement. An axisymmetric property at the base of the atrium and the plume from the lowest level
modeled. It shows that for both scenarios, the occupants will have enough time to
evacuate the atrium and into the core prior to the onset of the condition can not be
maintained because of the level of visibility, temperature and carbon monoxide.
The second model was created to assess the condition of the occupants may be
encountered on the first floor of the building if there is no atrium, namely the
possibility of 'code compliant' setting. The results of this analysis show that the

conditions will be much better in a rural setting proposed by the atrium when
compared with the setting of the story without the atrium

Therefore, it shows that the concept of village life will not compromise the safety of
the occupants due to the spread of smoke, and that the design is done is better
than code that may be appropriate setting.

DENAH HERON TOWER

DENAH HERON

SITE PLAN HERON TOWER

Studi pustaka :
POTONGAN HERON TOWER
http://www.steelconstruction.info/Heron_Tower,_Lond
on
http://www.arup.com/Projects/Heron_Tower.aspx