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Background
Clonidine is primarily a centrally acting alpha-2 agonist which reduces blood pressure and heart
rate by reducing sympathetic discharge. It also has sedative, analgesic and opioid sparing
properties.
Clinical indication
Hypertension (licensed)
Sedation , alone or as an adjunct (unlicensed)
Delirium (unlicensed)
Management of opiate and alcohol withdrawal (unlicensed)
Cautions/Contra-indications
Adverse effects
Intravenous infusion:
Take 5ml (5 ampoules equating to 750 microgram) and make up to 50ml to give a
15microgram/ml solution
Give via syringe pump.
Weight
(kg)
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
1 mcg/kg/hr
2.7
3.0
3.3
3.7
4.0
4.3
4.7
5.0
5.3
5.7
6.0
6.3
6.7
4 mcg/kg/hr
10.7
12.0
13.3
14.7
16.0
17.3
18.7
20.0
21.3
22.7
24.0
25.3
26.7
Diluents
0.9% sodium chloride and 5% Glucose.
Y Site Compatibilities
Fentanyl, morphine, midazolam.
Withdrawal of Clonidine
References
1. British National Formulary Ed 62 September 2011
2. SPC for Clonidine www.emc.com 2011 accessed January 2011
3. Dollery C (Editor). Therapeutic Drugs, Churchill Livingston (London), 1999;1;c294c299
4. Pichot, C et al, Dexmedetomidine and Clonidine:From Second-to-First-Line agents in
the Critical Care Setting? J Intensive Care Med April 27 2011
5. Hall et al. Sedative, analgesic and cognitive effects of clonidine infusions in humans.
British Journal of Anaesthesia 2001 86 (1): 5-11,