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MODULE 7

ALREADY, YET, NEVER

PRESENT PERFECT; SINCE,FOR;

USE: We use the Present Perfect to talk about:


1-To discuss events in the past and continue to
happen in the present.

2-To report about experiences of life


Ive been to China three times

How long have you been a bus driver?


4- actions that stopped recently.

3- actions which were completed in the past,


but are still connected to the present.

She has cooked dinner.


Theyve climbed the hill. (They are still at the
top)

The past participle form of irregular verbs.


Ver
b
be
go
see

The past participle form of regular

Past
Tense
was / were
went
saw

Verb Past
Tense
live
lived
clim climbed
b
cry
cried

Past
Participle
been
gone
seen

Past
Participle
Lived
climbed
cried

verbs.

MODULE 7
ALREADY, YET, NEVER

PRESENT PERFECT; SINCE,FOR;

FORM:

SUBJECT+ HAVE or HAS + THE PASTPARTICIPLE+COMPLEMENTS

POSITIVE:

I have been to London three times.

NEGATIVE:

You havent eaten your breakfast.

QUESTIONS:

Has she done her homework?

POSITIVE

SUBJ+AUXILIARY+ PARTICIPLE+
COMPL.
I have cleaned my room.
(I've cleaned )
You have cleaned your room.
(Youve cleaned)
He, she, it has cleaned his/her room.
(Hes, shes, its cleaned)
We have cleaned our room.
(Weve cleaned)
You have cleaned your room.
(Youve cleaned)
They have cleaned their room.
(Theyve cleaned)

NEGATIVE

SUBJ+AUXILIARY+ PARTICIPLE+
COMPL.
I have not cleaned my room.
(I havent cleaned )
You have not cleaned your room.
(You havent cleaned)
He, she, it has not cleaned his/her room.
(He, she, it hasnt cleaned)
We have not cleaned our room.
(We havent cleaned)
You have not cleaned your room.
(You havent cleaned)
They have not cleaned their room.
(They havent cleaned)

QUESTIONS

AUXILIARY+ SUBJ+ PARTICIPLE+


COMPLE?
Have I cleaned my room?
Have you cleaned your room?
Has he/she/it his/her room?
Have we cleaned our room?
Have you cleaned your room?
Have they cleaned their room?

Yes / No Questions

MODULE 7
ALREADY, YET, NEVER

PRESENT PERFECT; SINCE,FOR;

To answer Yes / No questions, we use short answers with have / havent and has / hasnt.
Yes, they have. / No, they havent.
Yes, she has. / No, she hasnt.
Wh- Questions
To form Wh- questions, we put the question word before the Yes / No question.
Why have you left your job?
What has she cooked for dinner.

FOR, SINCE
The time expressions since and for are used with the Present Perfect.
Since: desde

For: durante

We use since to tell us when the action began.


The bus has been broken since 10 oclock.

We use for to tell us the duration of the action.


The bus has been broken for three hours.

ALREADY, YET, NEVER


POSITIVE

NEGATIVE

QUESTIONS

We use ALREADY in positive


sentences. It means YA and it
comes between have / has and
the past participle.
It is used to talk about an action

We use YET at the end of negative sentences. It


means TODAVA,AN and it is used to talk about
things that we have not completed until now, but
intend to complete. It comes at the end of the
sentence.

We use YET at the end of negative


sentences. It means YA. It is
used to talk about things that we
have completed. It comes at the
end of the sentence.

MODULE 7
ALREADY, YET, NEVER

PRESENT PERFECT; SINCE,FOR;

that has been completed.


I have already seen that movie.
She has already read the book.
JUST: ACABAR DE

I havent seen the movie yet.


She hasnt read the book yet.
We use NEVER in positive sentences. It comes
between have / has and the past participle. It is
used to talk about things we havent done up until
now.

Have you seen the movie yet?


Has she read the book yet?

I have never seen that movie.


She has never read the book.

Present Perfect / Past Simple


We often use the Present Perfect to describe actions that began in the past and continue in the present.
I have been a vegetarian for many years. (I am still a vegetarian.)
Ralph has stayed with me for weeks. (Ralph is still with me.)

We use the Past Simple to describe actions that finished or were completed in the past. The actions do not continue in the
present.
I was a vegetarian several years ago. (I am no longer a vegetarian.)
Ralph visited Europe last summer. (Ralphs trip is over.)

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