UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

SCHOOL OF GOVERNANCE AND SOCIETY

PP 507

FOREIGN POLICY OF PAKISTAN

COURSE PROGRAMME 2013-2014

MARIA INES BASTOS

SOHAIL AHMAD

Course Code: PP507

Semester: Spring
Resource Person: Sohail Ahmad, Professor of Practice in Public Policy; Maria Ines
Bastos (Assistant Professor);
Focus Areas: International Relations, Political Science, Theories of
Democracy, Pakistan Foreign Relations.
Contact: maria.bastos@umt.edu.pk
Assessment: Class Participation and attendance (10%); Mid Term Exam
(40%); Final Exam (50%). Total: 100%

PART I COURSE STRUCTURE

Summary of Course:
Since its inception in 1947, Pakistans foreign policy has been of immense importance on almost
every aspect of this countrys governance and strategic thinking. The particular geo-political
situations Pakistan faced (till date) dictated from the very beginning a muscled strategic thinking
in terms of foreign policy. Such policy had to deal with regional direct threats in a first instance
from India and in a second instance with the instability created with the invasion of Afghanistan
by Soviet Union. Domestically the unstable situation created either by internal and external
agents also contributed for the countrys foreign policy to be a top priority for every government
(civil or military). For these reasons, students of Public Policy must come to terms with the
concrete historical scenario on which Pakistan foreign policy has been applied and critically
appreciate the vital importance of it to the fabric of this young nation.

Course aims and Learning Outcomes

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The study of Pakistans Foreign Policy will bring to the students the following core knowledge
aspects. It is expected a fully engagement on discussion:

A critical knowledge of the main historical features reflected on the countrys foreign

policy;
An appreciation of the facts based on logical and rational explanations;
A commitment to treat and analyse Pakistan Foreign Policy as a keystone on the

countrys own existence;

A recognition of the importance of Foreign Policy for the current times;
Evaluation of Pakistan Foreign Policy vis a vis the contemporary global geo-political
conditions.

Teaching and Learning Methods

Credit hours - 3
Duration one semester (45 contact hours)
Weekly three-hour sessions .
Self-study.
Weekly preparatory readings; questions for discuss in the class will be provided
to students.
Assessment Criteria
The exams should demonstrate that students have understood the issue they
are addressing, made themselves familiar with the appropriate literature, and
demonstrated the ability both to assess the arguments on all sides of the
debate, and to formulate a rationale for their own position.
In marking students work, the follow will be taken into consideration:
a)
. the quality of content: the breadth and depth of analysis, the
quality of critical comment;
b)
........the structure: logical development and coherence of the
argument;

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THE GRADING SYSTEM

a) Grading scheme in vogue:
Letter

Undergraduate / Graduate

Grades

Degree Programs
Grade Points
4.0
3.7
3.3
3.0
2.7
2.3
2.0
1.7
0.0

A+/A
AB+
B
BC+
C
CF

b) Assessment: Class Participation and attendance (10%); Mid Term Exam

(40%); Final Exam (50%). Total: 100%
c) Grading criteria
1) Submitted assignments reflect the required content and knowledge.
2) Originality of substance and ideas, research design and innovative
3)
4)
5)
6)

solutions.
Coherent organization of contents.
Scholarship (citations and references list where appropriate).
Moral integrity and research ethics adhered to.
Tangible level of interest and keenness

Course Policies
Note on the Academic integrity: This course will strictly follow the
university policies on

academic dishonesty. Plagiarism will not be

tolerated. Plagiarism involves presenting someone elses ideas or written

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work as your own, without giving proper citation and credit to the original
source.
Make-up Exams and Late Assignments: There will be no make-up
exams, unless there is a valid (documented) reason for not taking the
scheduled exams, or prior arrangements have been made with the instructor.
The late submission of an assignment will be impacted on 50% of the mark.
PART II DETAILED COURSE OUTLINE AND RECOMMENDED READINGS

Calendar of Course contents to be covered during

semester
Course code PP507

Week

Course title FOREIGN POLICY OF PAKISTAN

Course Contents

Introduction. Brief considerations about Foreign Policy and

Pakistan Foreign Policy. (S.A; M.B)
1
(25/02/14)

2
(04/03/14)
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International Relations Theory and Foreign Policy. Relevant

concepts and approaches.
Realism and Neo-realism ; Liberalism and Neo-Liberalism.
Balance of Power. Sovereignty.
(M.B)

Reference Chapter(s)

Kaarbo and Ray book:

Chapter 5 (part II)
See www.pildat.org
report on the role of
parliamentarians in
formulation and
oversight of FP ; M. Ali
(ed) Readings in Pak F.P.:
introduction; chapter 9
Hagerty book: Chapter 2
(Peter Lavoy)
BaylisJ.and Smith S. The
Globalization of World
Politics:chapter 5;6;7
Jackson R. and Srensen
G, Introduction to
International Relations:

chapter 2 (p32)

Concept of Security; National Security; Human Security in

the Pakistan Foreign Policy Context. (M.B.)

Abdul Sattar book chapter4

Pakistans foreign policy: Major Phases and main actors.

Implications on policy formulation. (S.A.)

Hasan Rizvi Pildat

Briefing Paper;
DrSoherwordi article
M. Ali (ed) Readings in Pak
F.P : chapter 14 (Pakistan
Defence Policy)

Uneasy Neighbours: Tensions with India. Reflections on

Pakistan foreign policy (S.A)

Abdul Sattar: chapter 16,

21
Shahid Amin Pakistan
Foreign Policy: chapter :
5,6 , 11
M. Ali (ed) Readings in
Pak F.P. Chapter: 29;
Dennis Kux book.
Abdul Sattar: chapter 14
M. Ali (ed) Readings in
Pak F.P. Chapter: 29
Shahid Amin Pakistan
Foreign Policy: chapter:
13; Hagerty Chapter 7.

3
(11/03/14)

4
(18/03/14)

5
(25/03/14)

The

Kashmir

issue:

Current

situation

and

developments. What solutions? (S.A.)

6
(01/04/14)

Pakistan and China relations. All weather friends?

7
(08/04/14)

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(M.B)

future

BaylisJ.and Smith S. The

Globalization of World
Politics:chapter 28;
additional readings will be
provided.

Abdul Sattar Chapter 7

S. Amin: chapter 10. M.
Ali: chapter 4. Further will
be provided
Rahman, K ( 2011) 60 years
of Pak-China relations
Armstrong Book: Chapter 5

Pakistan and Afghanistan: Balancing tensions.

(M.B)
8
(15/04/14)
Pakistan, Iran and Turkey (M.B.)

Abdul Sattar: chapter 13

Shahid Amin Pakistan
Foreign Policy: chapter:7
Articles mentioned on
bibliography; Pildat
website; Cfr website.

Ahmed Rashid: Descent

into Chaos
M. Ali (ed) Readings in
Pak F.P. Chapter 11,12

9
(22/04/14)

Pakistans foreign relations with the Middle East and the

Muslim World. (M.B)
10

Ayesha Siddiqi Pildat

article.
S. Amin: chapter 15; M.
Ali (ed) Readings in
Pak F.P. Chapter7, 10

(29/04/14)
Friends, Allies or both? Pakistans Relations with USA.
(S.A)
11

M Lodhi article; M. Ali

(ed) Readings in Pak
F.P. Chapter15.
Dennis Kux book.

(06/05/2014
)
S. Kapur article;
Nuclear Arms, Confidence Building Measures and Trade: the
12
(13/05/2014
)

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future of Pakistan India Foreign Policy. (S.A)

Pakistan Foreign Policy toward other powers: Japan Russia

and Britain and the EU . An overview. (M.B)

M. Ali (ed) Readings in

Pak F.P. Chapter: 5

13
(20/05/2014
)
Visions on Foreign Policy for the XXI Century. The role of
Pakistan regionally and internationally. (M.B/ S.A)

M. Ali (ed) Readings in

Pak F.P. Chapter22

14
(27/05/2014
)
Discussion and Revision.

15
(03/06/2014
)

Recommended Text Books:

Ali, M. (ed), (2001) Readings in Pakistan Foreign Policy

1971-1998 , Oxford

University Press
Amin, S. M. (2000). Pakistan's foreign policy: a reappraisal. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Sattar, A. (2013). Pakistans Foreign Policy 1947-2012 Karachi: Oxford University
Press.

Bibliography:
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Ahmar, M. (2012): Vision for a Secular Pakistan?,Strategic Analysis, 36:2, 217-228

Ahmed, I (2013) Pakistan the Garrison State Origins, Evolution, Consequences 1947-2011 Oxford
University Press: Karachi
Amin, S. M. (2000). Pakistan's foreign policy: a reappraisal. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Armstrong, J.D (1977) Revolutionary Diplomacy Chinese Foreign Policy and the United Front Doctrine
Berkeley University of California Press.
BaylisJ.and Smith S. The Globalization of World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations 4th
ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008)
Burke, S.M (1990) Pakistans Foreign Policy : An Historical Analysis Oxford University Press
Chari, P. R.(2005) 'Strategic stability in South Asia: the role of confidence-building and threat reduction
measures', Contemporary South Asia, 14: 2, 211 217
Cohen, S.P (2011). The Future of Pakistan The Brookings Institution, Washington D.C.
Curtis L. (2012) The reorientation of Pakistan's foreign policy toward its region, Contemporary South
Asia, 20:2, 255-269
Fair, C.C. (2006) Mapping US Pakistan Relations: Past, Present and Future Foreign Policy October
Fair, C. C. (2011). The militant challenge in Pakistan. Asia policy, 11(1), 105-137.
Fair, C.C., Thier, J.A. (2006) Troubles on the Pakistan-Afghanistan Border (available at www.usip.org)
Grare, F (2006) Pakistan-Afghanistan relations in the Post-9/11 Era, Carnegie Endowment for
international Peace, Carnegie Papers, no76, October 2006, 67
Hagerty D. T. Eds (2006) South Asia in World Politics Oxford University Press.
Jackson R. and Srensen G, Introduction to International Relations: Theories and Approaches, (Oxford:
Oxford University Press, 2006)
Kaarbo J. , Ray J.L (2011) Global Politics 10th edition Wadsworth Cengage Learning
Kapur, S.(2003) 'Nuclear Proliferation, the Kargil Conflict, and South Asian Security', Security Studies,
Kux, D. (2002). The United States and Pakistan 1947-2000 disenchanted allies Oxford

University Press
Kux, D. (2006). India-Parkistan Negotiations: Is Past Still Prologue? Karachi: Oxford University Press
Lodhi, M. (2009). The Future of Pakistan-US Relations: Opportunities and Challenges. NATIONAL
DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC INST FOR NATIONAL STRATEGIC STUDIES.
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Mistry, Dinshaw(2009) 'Tempering Optimism about Nuclear Deterrence in South Asia', Security Studies
Nawaz, S. (2008). Crossed swords: Pakistan, its army, and the wars within. Oxford University Press,
USA.
Paul, T. V.(2006) 'Why has the India-Pakistan Rivalry Been so Enduring? Power Asymmetry and an
Intractable Conflict', Security Studies, 15: 4, 600 630
Rahman, K (2011) 60 years of Pak-China relations [proceedings of the conference held
on April 10-11, 2011] Institute of Policy Studies, Islamabad
Rais, R.B.( 2008)
University Press.

Recovering the Frontier State War, Ethnicity and State in Afghanistan

Oxford

Rashid, A. (2008). Descent into chaos: The US and the disaster in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Central
Asia. Penguin.
Rizvi, H. A. (1993) Pakistan and the Geostrategic Environment: A Study of Foreign Policy London:
Macmillan Press
Rizvi, H.A ( 2004) Pakistan Foreign Policy :an overview 1947-2004 Pildat (available online)
Sattar, A. (2013). Pakistans Foreign Policy 1947-2012 Karachi: Oxford University Press.
Schofield, V. (2003). Kashmir in Conflict: India, Pakistan and the Unending War. London: I. B. Tauris
Soherwordi, S. H. S. (2010) Pakistans Foreign Policy Interaction with the US Foreign Policy Making
Bodies (1947-2010): An Analysis IPRI Journal no2 (Summer 2010) : 16-38
Subrata K. Mitra (2001): War and peace in South Asia: A revisionist view of India-Pakistan relations,
Contemporary South Asia, 10:3, 361-379
Waltz K (1990) Realist Thought and Neorealist Theory, Journal of International Affairs ,vol 44 no1
(Spring/Summer): 21-37
Waltz,K. (1959) Man, the State and War: A Theoretical Analysis New York: Columbia Press
Weinbaum, M. Harder J. (2008) Pakistans Afghan Policies and their consequences Contemporary South
Asia 16 1 ( March 25-38)
www.rand.org. Indias and Pakistan strategies in Afghanistan. Implications for the United states and the
region. Larry Hanauer Peter Chalk.
Journals:
Pakistan Horizon
Contemporary South Asia (Special Issue : A State in Flux: Pakistan in the Context of National and
Regional Change)
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Regional Studies Quarterly

Foreign Affairs
The Washington Quarterly
Cambridge Review of International Affairs.
Security Studies
Internet Sources:
www.pildat.org
http://cpakgulf.org/
http://carnegieendowment.org/ (South Asia)
http://www.e-ir.info/
http://thediplomat.com/
http://www.cfr.org/
http://ipripak.org
www.usip.org
www.ips.org

Newspapers/Magazines: Dawn; Daily Times; International The News; The Economist.

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