Stainless steel

semi-finished
material: billets,
blooms, ingots
and slabs

Melting and Casting billets,

blooms, ingots and slabs

SMACC
Outokumpus UK meltshop in Sheffield, SMACC (Stainless Melting and Continuous
Casting), is a global supplier of semi-finished stainless long and flat products. With the
flexibility to produce billet, bloom, ingot and slab in a wide range of sizes and stainless
steel grades, coupled with experience and expertise, we provide customers with an
excellent level of service.
Since the discovery of a 12% Cr martensitic stainless steel by Harry
Brearley in 1913, Sheffield has been considered the home of stainless
steel: In 2013 we celebrated the centenary of stainless production in
Sheffield, and we remain committed to the production and development of new grades and products.
At SMACC we are continually improving the product and performance
so that today we provide our customers with an extensive range of
stainless steel grades with an on-time arrival performance of over 90%.

2 - Stainless steel semi-finished material: billets, blooms, ingots and slabs

Hot rolling and forging

billet and heavy bar

Degerfors Stainless
Degerfors Stainless is located in the heart of Sweden and is a high-quality producer
of rolled and forged billets and bars in a wide range of stainless steel grades, from
standard to high alloyed special stainless steel grades. The products are used across
various quality-critical industries, worldwide.
Manufacturers around the world choose semi-finished martensitic, austenitic and duplex stainless steel from Degerfors Stainless for demanding
applications in highly corrosive environments where strong, durable stainless steel grades are of the utmost importance. The stainless steel is
used for a wide range of applications, from smaller products such as screws, flanges, springs, antennas and welding consumables, up to forgings
and the production of seamless tube and pipe.
Steel production in Degerfors ranges back to 1660, when a forging hammer and two hearths were installed. During the years, the production
expanded significantly and Degerfors now consist of two mills (both mills are part of Outokumpu), of which Degerfors Stainless is one. Stainless
steel production started in the 1960s and is today the main product.

Stainless steel semi-finished material: billets, blooms, ingots and slabs - 3

Our product portfolio

Cast products

Raw materials

Electric Arc Furnace

Stainless steel production is

scrap based, utilising up to
85-90% recycled material.

The 130 tonne, 90 MVA furnace

can process stainless scrap into
molten feedstock at 1650C in
90 minutes.

Argon Oxygen
Decarburisation

Ladle Arc Furnace

In the AOD vessel the melt is

decarburised and the chemical
composition is adjusted.

At the LAF final chemical

composition and temperature
are adjusted and homogenised
ready for casting.

Continuous Casting
SMACC has two continuous
casters: one slab and bloom
combi-caster, and one six-strand
billet caster equipped with electromagnetic stirring to enhance
internal quality.

Cast billet

Cast slab

Cast bloom

Billets can be supplied in the

ground or unground condition.

Slabs can be delivered in the ground or

unground condition with a maximum weight
of 30 tonnes.

Blooms are delivered in the

unground condition.

Cross-section

Length

Thickness Width

Length

Cross-section

Length

127 x 127

3800-12000

170

960-1575

4000-12000

300 x 400

2000-12000

140 x 140

3800-12000

200

960-1575

4000-12000

150 x 150

3800-12000

300

700-1575

3200-6600

180 x 180

3800-12000

200 x 200

3800-12000

All dimensions in mm

4 - Stainless steel semi-finished material: billets, blooms, ingots and slabs

Ingot casting
Liquid steel is uphill teemed into cast iron
moulds. Our ingots are normally square
but other ingot shapes and sizes can be
considered on enquiry.
Weight,
tonnes

Upper size,
mm

Lower size,
mm

5.6

629 x 629

452 x 452

19.6

765 x 1773

621 x 1632

Forged and rolled products

Reheating

Roughing mill

Rolling mill

Forging

The feedstock for the rolled and

forged billets, is bloom or ingot.
The process starts with reheating
the cast products in our eight
oxy-fuel heated pit furnaces.

Once heated, the material passes

through a roughing mill where the
outgoing product is a rough
square. The entire heating
and rolling process is carefully
controlled.

After the roughing mill the stainless steel is rolled to its final
shape and dimension. Processing
of the final product such as heat
treatment or surface preparation
can be added.

Our billets can be supplied in both

rolled and forged format, where
blooms and ingots serve as the
feedstock. Forging can also be
used as a mid-step for some
products.

Rolled or forged billets and

heavy bars
Billets are produced with round or square
cross-section and can be supplied in the
unground, fully ground, spot/corner ground,
peeled or turned condition.

Route

Shape

Size, mm

Length, m

Rolled

Round

75-270

3-12

Rolled

Square 75-250

3-12

Forged

Round

150-400

3-12

Forged

Square 150-300

3-12

Heat Treatment
All products can be post-production
heat treated to meet our customers
requirements.

Tolerances
We work with our customers to tailor our
production tolerances to their specifications.

Stainless steel semi-finished material: billets, blooms, ingots and slabs - 5

A range of stainless grades

a world of possibilities
Outokumpu is a global leader in providing stainless steels, with an extensive portfolio
encompassing standard grades, grades with tailored microstructures, and highly
alloyed grades for demanding applications. The grades listed in the following pages
are examples of current grades in production: additional or amended grades could be
considered upon enquiry.

Duplex grades
Outokumpu is one of the largest producers of duplex stainless steels, which combine the advantageous properties
of austenitic and ferritic grades, resulting in a product that has increased strength, enhanced resistance to stress
corrosion cracking and improved price stability when compared to austenitic grades with the same corrosion resistance.

LDX 2101/1.4162
This lean duplex grade has higher resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion and SCC (stress corrosion cracking) compared to 4307,
combined with excellent machinability.

2304/1.4362 (F 68)
Replaces 4404/4432 (316L), especially where there is a risk of stress corrosion cracking or when higher mechanical strength is needed.

LDX 2404/1.4662
A duplex stainless steel with high contents of chromium and nitrogen. This grade combines a higher mechanical strength than for other common
duplex grades with a generally high corrosion resistance.

2205/1.4462 (F 51 and F 60)

The most commonly used duplex grade combines good corrosion resistance with high strength.
Our 2205 can be supplied as UNS S31803 and S32205.

2507/1.4410 (F 53) and 4501/1.4501 (F 55)

Two superduplex grades used for the most demanding environments such as the petrochemical and chemical industries.

6 - Stainless steel semi-finished material: billets, blooms, ingots and slabs

High performance austenitic grades

High performance austenitic stainless steel grades contain higher quantities of chromium, nickel, molybdenum and nitrogen,
providing enhanced corrosion resistance and physical properties.

904L/1.4539 (F 904L)
904L is a 25% nickel austenitic stainless steel alloyed with copper for use in acidic and chloride containing environments.

254 SMO/1.4547 (F 44)

254 SMO is an Outokumpu-developed superaustenitic stainless steel with superior resistance to pitting, crevice
corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, and improved performance in marine environments.

654 SMO/1.4652
Being the most corrosion resistant stainless steel grade in the world, 654SMO, a superaustenitic with 7% Mo,
can compete in term of corrosion resistance with the nickel base alloys.

High temperature austenitic grades

High temperature grades are designed for temperatures exceeding 550C used for temperature ranges where creep
strength and high temperature corrosion are design factors.

4845/1.4845 (F 310, F 310H)

A common high temperature stainless grade for use at temperatures up to 1100C.

253 MA/1.4835 (F 45)

253 MA is an excellent choice for high to very high temperatures (8501100C).
The excellent mechanical strength at high temperatures allows higher loads or thinner wall thickness compared to
more commonly used high temperature stainless grades such as 309S and 310S.

Stainless steel semi-finished material: billets, blooms, ingots and slabs - 7

Forever: Sustainable stainless

The current average recycled content for stainless steel produced by the Outokumpu Group is over 85%; 25% higher than the global stainless
industry average of 60%. This is achieved by recovering metals during the production process, reducing waste and improving material efficiency.
These excellent recycling characteristics mean that stainless steels are key materials for creating a sustainable society. At Outokumpu we work with
our customers and partners to create long lasting solutions for the tools of modern life and the worlds most critical problems: clean energy, clean
water and efficient infrastructure. Because we believe in a world that lasts forever.

Quality assurance
Our manufacturing programme is supported by in-house product inspection and testing, and the extensive experience of our technical team.
Our business is accredited to recognised international standards, including:

Billets, blooms, ingots and slabs:

Rolled and forged billets:

ISO 9001 & 14001 - TV Nord

BS OHSAS 18001 - TV Nord
AD 2000 Merkblatt W0/TRD 100 - TV Nord
PED 97/23/EC
ASME MO QSC 713
Approvals from DNV, Germanischer Lloyd, Lloyds Register

ISO 9001 TV Nord

AD 2000 Merkblatt W0 - TV Nord
1.4462, S31803 Lloyds Register
PED 97/23/EC

A selection of stainless steel grades

Outokumpu
steel name

EN

ASTM

UNS

ASTM A182

1.4310

301

S30100

0.10

Ni
7

17

201

S20100

0.05

1.4301

304

S30400

F 304

0.04

18.1

8.1

43071

1.4307

304L

S30403

F 304L

0.02

18.1

8.1

0.14

Mo

Others
7Mn

4311

1.4311

304LN

S30453

F 304LN

0.02

18.5

9.2

4541

1.4541

321

S32100

0.04

17.3

9.1

Ti

1.4550

347

S34700

F 347

0.05

17.5

9.5

Nb
S

4305
Austenitic

0.20

Cr
17

1.4372

4550

1.4305

303

S30300

0.05

17.3

8.2

4303

1.4303

305

S30500

0.04

17.7

12.5

4567

1.4567

(304Cu)

S30430

0.01

17.7

9.7

44011

1.4401

316

S31600

F 316

0.04

17.2

10.1

2.1

44041

1.4404

316L

S31603

44361

1.4436

316

4432

1.4432

316L

Austenitic
high temperature

4301

3Cu

F 316L

0.02

17.2

10.1

2.1

F 316

0.04

16.9

10.7

2.6

S31600

F 316L

0.02

16.9

10.7

2.6

4435

1.4435

316L

0.02

17.3

12.6

2.6

4571

1.4571

316Ti

S31635

F 316Ti

0.04

16.8

10.9

2.1

Ti

4578

1.4578

(316Cu)

0.02

16.9

10.7

2.1

Cu

43162

1.4316

308

S30800

0.05

19.5

10

48292

1.4829

309

S30900

0.03

23.5

13

4948

1.4948

304H

S30409

F 304H

0.05

18.1

8.3

4878

1.4878

321H

S32109

F 321H

0.05

17.3

9.1

4833

1.4833

309S

S30908

0.06

22.3

12.6

4828

1.4828

0.04

20

12

2Si
1.6Si, Ce

Ti

253 MA

1.4835

S30815

F 45

0.09

21

11

4845

1.4845

310S

S31008

F 310, F 310H

0.05

25

20

4841

1.4841

314

S31400

0.07

24.5

19.5

S31703
F 317L
Typical grade for welding
filler

0.02

18.2

13.7

3.1

N08904

0.01

20

25

4.3

1.5Cu

4438
1.4438
317L
Available as
machinability improved
grade; Prodec

High
performance
austenitic

Typical chemical composition, %

4310
4372

International steel designation

904L

1.4539

904L

F 904L

8 - Stainless
steel
semi-finished
material: billets, blooms,
ingots and slabs

254
SMO
1.4547
S31254
F 44

654 SMO

1.4652

S32654

0.17

2Si

0.01

0.20

20

18

6.1

Cu

0.01

0.50

24

22

7.3

3.5Mn Cu

Outokumpu
Steel Name

Austenitic
High
performance
austenitic
Ferritic

ASTM A182

Cr

Ni

17

0.2

16.2

3.7

1.4310

301

S30100

0.10

201

S20100

0.10

43011

1.4301

304

S30400

F 304

0.04

18.1

8.1

43071

1.4307

304L

S30403

F 304L

0.02

18.1

8.1

F 304LN

4311

1.4311

304LN

S30453

4541

1.4541

321

S32100

1.4550

347

S34700

F 347

0.02

0.14

Mo

Others

18.5

9.2

0.04

17.3

9.1

Ti

0.05

17.5

9.5

Nb
S

1.4305

303

S30300

0.05

17.3

8.2

4303

1.4303

305

S30500

0.04

17.7

12.5

4567

1.4567

(304Cu)

S30430

0.01

17.7

9.7

44011

1.4401

316

S31600

F 316

0.04

17.2

10.1

44041

1.4404

316L

S31603

44361

1.4436

316

44321

1.4432

316L

3Cu
2.1

F 316L

0.02

17.2

10.1

2.1

F 316

0.04

16.9

10.7

2.6

S31600

F 316L

0.02

16.9

10.7

2.6

4435

1.4435

316L

0.02

17.3

12.6

2.6

4571

1.4571

316Ti

S31635

F 316Ti

0.04

16.8

10.9

2.1

Ti

2.1

Cu

4578

1.4578

(316Cu)

0.02

16.9

10.7

43162

1.4316

308

S30800

0.05

19.5

10

48292

1.4829

309

S30900

0.03

23.5

13

4948

1.4948

304H

S30409

F 304H

0.05

18.1

8.3

4878

1.4878

321H

S32109

F 321H

0.05

17.3

9.1

4833

1.4833

309S

S30908

0.06

22.3

12.6

4828

1.4828

0.04

20

12

2Si

S30815

F 45

21

11

1.6Si, Ce

Ti

253 MA

1.4835

0.09

0.17

Outokumpu
4845

1.4845

International
steel designation
310S
S31008
F 310, F 310H

0.05

Typical25
chemical
20 composition, %

steel
4841 name

EN
1.4841

ASTM
314

UNS
S31400

ASTM
A182

C
0.07

4438

1.4438

317L

S31703

F 317L

0.02

18.2

13.7

3.1

904L

1.4539

904L

N08904

F 904L

0.01

20

25

4.3

1.5Cu

1.4547

S31254

F 44

0.01

0.20

20

18

6.1

Cu

654 SMO

1.4652

S32654

0.01

0.50

24

22

7.3

3.5Mn Cu

4000

1.4000

410S

S41008

0.03

12.5

4105

1.4105

430F

S43020

F 430

0.08

16.5

4016

1.4016

430

S43000

F 430

0.05

16.2

4511

1.4511

430Nb

0.02

16.2

4006

1.4006

410

S41000

F 6a

0.12

12

4005

1.4005

416

S41600

0.10

13

4021

1.4021

420

S42000

0.20

13

4028

1.4028

420

S42000

0.30

12.5

4057

1.4057

431

S43100

0.20

16

1.75

4313

1.4313

S41500

F 6NM

0.03

12.5

4.1

254 SMO

Martensitic and
precipitation hardening

UNS

1.4372

Cr
24.5

Ni
19.5

Mo

Others
2Si

S
Nb
S

0.6

4542

1.4542

630

S17400

0.02

15.5

4.8

3.4Cu Nb

4568

1.4568

631

S17700

0.08

17

1Al

LDX 2101

1.4162

S32101

0.03

21.5

1.5

0.3

5Mn Cu

3RE60

1.4424

S31500

0.02

18.5

4.75

2.75

1.5Si

1.4362

S32304

F 68

0.02

23

4.8

0.3

Cu
3Mn Cu

2304
Duplex

ASTM

4310

4305

Other
alloys

EN

Typical chemical composition, %

4372

4550

International steel designation

LDX 2404

2205

0.22
0.10

1.4662

S82441

0.02

0.27

24

3.6

1.6

1.4462

S322053

S32205

F 51, F 60

0.02

0.17

22

5.7

3.1

22092

S39209

0.03

0.15

22

4501

1.4501

S32760

F 55

0.02

0.27

25.4

6.9

3.8

0.27

25

W Cu

2507

1.4410

S32750

F 53

0.02

F 91

1.4903

K90901

F 91

0.08

Nb V

F 92

1.4901

K92460

F 92

0.08

0.45

1.75W Nb V

Also available as UNS S31803

Registered Trademark of Outokumpu Stainless Oy

Stainless steel semi-finished material: billets, blooms, ingots and slabs - 9

Together: World-class expertise

Technical support
and R&D
Outokumpu is built on 100 years of technical expertise in both product
production and end-use, going back to the invention of stainless steel.
Support, advice and materials testing helps our customers, distributors
and processors to select the most appropriate grade and manufacturing parameters to suit their specific needs.

Flexibility
Our customers may have specific or non-standard requirements to
optimize their production. With flexibility and customer focus, adjustments of the product chemistry, microstructure, treatment, size and
finish are available to provide a bespoke product for our customers.

Handbooks and brochures

Outokumpus technical brochures and handbooks give useful advice regarding the end application as well as the manufacturing process:
The Outokumpu Corrosion Handbook has been published for nearly a century and contains a massive amount of
corrosion data in different environments.
The Handbook of Stainless Steel contains useful information about stainless steel, for both new and experienced users.
Machining guidelines give recommendations for different machining parameters.

10 - Stainless steel semi-finished material: billets, blooms, ingots and slabs

Contact Us:
Billets, blooms, ingots and slabs
Outokumpu Stainless Ltd

PO Box 161
Europa Link
Sheffield S91TZ
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 114 261 6000
Fax: +44 114 261 6184

sales.smacc@outokumpu.com

Rolled and forged billets

Outokumpu Stainless AB
Degerfors Stainless

SE-69831 Degerfors
Sweden
Tel: +46 586 47000
Fax: +46 586 47008

sales.degerforslp@outokumpu.com
Stainless steel semi-finished material:billets, blooms, ingots andslabs - 11

We work with our customers and partners

to create long lasting solutions for the tools
of modern life and the worlds most critical problems:
clean energy, clean water and efficient infrastructure.
Because we believe in a world that lasts forever.

Information given in this brochure may be subject to alterations without notice. Care has been taken to ensure that the contents of this publication are accurate but
Outokumpu and its affiliated companies do not accept responsibility for errors or for information which is found to be misleading. Suggestions for or descriptions of the
end use or application of products or methods of working are for information only and Outokumpu and its affiliated companies accept no liability in respect thereof.
Before using products supplied or manufactured by the company the customer should satisfy himself of their suitability.

sales.smacc@outokumpu.com
sales.degerforslp@outokumpu.com
outokumpu.com

1536EN-GB:1. Centrumtryck AB Avesta, March, 2014.

Working towards forever.