HISTORY OF GUIDANCE

AND COUNSELING
Western Countries and Philippines

Submitted by: Group 2

Avery, Princess Zena
Cruz, Nathalie A.
Evangelista, Irish O.
Madrid, Mirasol S.
Ocampo, Patricia
Perez, Jessica I.
Pineda, Roselyn
Torrenueva, Annie T.
III-9 BS Psychology
Submitted to:
Professor Tito Baclagan
November 13, 2014

HISTORY OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING IN

WESTERN COUNTRIES (U.S)
Year

Personality/Event

1892
1905
1907

American Psychological Association founded (150,000 members in 2006)

Binet & Simon develop mental ability scale
Jesse B. Davis, the first person to set up a systematized guidance program in
the public schools, suggested that classroom teachers of English composition
teach their students a lesson in guidance once a week.
Frank Parsons, often called the founder of guidance, founded Bostons
Vocational Bureau, a major step in institutionalizing of vocational guidance

1908

1911
1913

1917
1920

Clifford Beers publishes A Mind That Found Itself. Contributed to public

awareness of issues relating to mental disorders
Education courses for counselors had begun at Harvard University
Founding of the National Vocational Guidance Association (NVGA), which
was the forerunner of the American Counseling Association. It established an
association offering guidance literature and united those with an interest in
vocational counseling for the first time.
Development of the Army Alpha and Beta test
Education courses for counsellors almost exclusively emphasized vocational
guidance
Certification of counselors in Boston and New York

1924
1927

1929
1930

1932

1938

Freuds ideas begin to influence mental health professionals

State certification of guidance counselors begins
Publication of new psychological instruments such as Edward Strongs Strong
Vocational Interest Inventory (SVII), this instrument set the stage for future
directions for assessment in counselling
Abraham and Hannah Stones establishment of the first marriage and family
counseling center in New York City.
Broadening of counseling beyond occupational concerns. The seeds of this
development were sown in the 1920s, when Edward Thorndike began to
challenge the vocational orientation of the guidance movement
John Brewer published a book titled Education as Guidance. He proposed that
every teacher be a counselor and that guidance be incorporated into the
school curriculum as a subject.
Congress
passed the
George-Dean Act that created the Vocational
Education Division of the U.S. Office of Education and an Occupational

Information and Guidance Service.

School counseling became more of a national phenomenon.
1939

1942
1945
1946

1952

1953

1962
1981
1982
1984
1985

1986
1987

The U.S. Employment Service published the first edition of the Dictionary of
Occupational Titles (DOT) which became a major source of career
information for guidance specialists working with students and the
unemployed, described known occupations in the United States and coded
them according to job titles.
Development of the first theory of counseling, The Clinical Method of
Guidance, which was formulated by E. G. Williamson and his colleagues
(including John Darley and Donald Paterson) at the University of Minnesota.
Carl Rogers publishes Counseling & Psychotherapy and begins the era of
individual counseling
Counseling becomes dominant school guidance service
U.S. government further promoted counseling through the George- Barden
Act of 1946, which provided vocational education funds through the U.S.
Office of Education for counselor training institutes.
The establishment of the American Personnel and Guidance Association
(APGA) with the purpose of formally organizing groups interested in
guidance, counseling, and personnel matters.
The Society of Counseling Psychology (Division 17) of APA was formally
established. It was initially known as the Division of Counseling Psychology.
The charting of the American School Counselor Association (ASCA). It
joined APGA as its fifth member shortly thereafter.
The passage of the National Defense Education Act (NDEA)
Gilbert Wrenn set the tone for the decade in his widely influential book, The
Counselor in a Changing World.
The Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational
Programs (CACREP) was formed as an affiliate organization of APGA.
The National Board for Certified Counselors (NBCC) was formed
After considerable debate, the APGA changed its name to the American
Association for Counseling and Development (AACD)
Chi Sigma Iota, an international academic and professional honor society, was
formed in 1985 by Thomas J. Sweeney to promote excellence in the
counseling profession.
Establishment of the American Association of State Counseling Boards
(AASCB) by Ted Remley.
CACREP achieved membership in the Council on Postsecondary

1992

2002
2003
2006

Accreditation (COPA), bringing it into a position of accreditation power

parallel to such specialty accreditation bodies as the APA
AACD to modify its name and become the American Counseling Association
(ACA). The new name better reflected the membership and mission of the
organization.
Counseling formally celebrated its 50th anniversary as a profession under the
umbrella of the ACA.
Center for School Counseling Outcome Research was developed by Jay
Carey
US congress officially declared Feb 6-10 as National School Counseling
Week

HISTORY OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING IN

PHILIPPINES
Year
Pre-colonial

Personality/Event
Counseling still shows vestiges of indigenous help-seeking through
(a)superstition; (b) reliance on elders, faith healers, and fortune tellers; and
(c) belief in the supernatural

1913
1925
1932

1940
1940-1960

1941-1944
1945

Definite mention of vocational guidance from the report of the Director of

Education.
Formal vocational guidance in the public school began.
Psychological Clinic was established pioneered by Dr. Sinforoso Padilla,
which concerned itself with cases of student discipline, as well as emotional,
academic and vocational problems.
Establishment of the first psychological clinic at the University of the
Philippines
Teachers and officials of the Bureau of Public Schools were sent abroad to
study and observe guidance and counselling practices in the United States,
England and other European countries.
The growth of guidance and counseling was interrupted by the Japanese
occupation
Guidance Association of the Philippines, the first formal organization of
Filipino counsellors had been established.
Foreign guidance experts like Dr. Rey G. Bose, and George H. Bonnette,
were invited to help in making leading Filipino School Administrators
guidance conscious.
Bonnette visited secondary schools, handled seminars all over the country,
served as consultant to the Bureau of Public Schools, while Dr. Bose offered
courses in some colleges.
First guidance Institute was held at the National Teachers College with U.S
Army Psychologists as resource person in November

1950

Interest in guidance as a significant component of education grew

More Filipinos either as government grantees, on private scholarships, or on
their own went abroad, mostly to the United States to specialize in guidance
and counseling.

1951

1952

Universities started offering counselor education programs to meet the

demand of trained personnel, (counselors).
Congress proposed the establishment of a functional guidance and counseling
program to help students select their course, activities, occupations, friends,
future mates.
Different public school superintendents, in a convention, approved ten
recommendations pertaining to the early development of guidance services in
the public schools.

1953

1970

1976
1980

1990
2004

2008

City of Manila then was regarded as having the most up-to-date organization
and maintenance of functional guidance program in general secondary school.
Philippine Association of Guidance Counselors (PGCA) was organized in
order to study the needs, interests and potentialities of our young people and
to establish a Testing Bureau.
More professional associations: Indigenization
Philippine Association for Counselor Education, Research, and Supervision
(PACERS)
Career Development Association of the Philippines (CDAP)
Philippine Association for Counselor Education, Research and Supervision
(PACERS) established in March 6, 1976.
The historic EDSA Revolution put a halt to the plans and preparations for the
annual conference-workshop. The officers convened to reexamine PACERS
focus and direction in keeping with the countrys post revolution call for
rehabilitation and reconciliation.
Workshops introduced intervention strategies to help or regain family
wholeness.
Guidance and Counseling Act of 2004 was pass. The Act was intended to
professionalize the practice of guidance and counseling and to create the
Professional Regulatory Board of Guidance and Counseling.
The Family and Pastoral Counseling Association of the Philippines was
established
Session prescribed as an hour in counseling cost between 500 and 2,000
Philippine pesos

REFERENCES
Mendoza, E. Guidance and Counseling Today 2003 Ed.
Historical and Professional Foundations of Counseling (PDF)
M01_GLAD7979_07_SE_CH01.indd

The Counseling Profession: Historical Perspectives and Current Issues and Trends by
Harriet L. Glossof, PhD, University of Virginia (PDF)
80025 01 001-056 r1 am
Counseling around the World
https://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.csinet.org/resource/resmgr/Research,_Essay,_Papers,_Articles/Counseling_Around_the_World-.pdf
History of Guidance and Counseling
http://www.slideshare.net/msk1r1ko/history-of-guidance-and-counseling
History of Guidance in Philippines
http://www.slideshare.net/iandwightsabellina/history-of-guidance-in-philippines
Philippine History of Guidance and Counseling
http://www.scribd.com/doc/112421966/Philippine-History-of-Guidance-and-Counseling
Guidance and Counseling School
http://education.stateuniversity.com/pages2023/Guidance-Counseling-Schol.html
History of School Guidance Counseling
http://davetge.com/History_School_Guidance_Counseling.html
Guidance and Counseling
http://prezi.com/x1v1hg2b6sjf/guidancce-and-counseling/