MATH 101 Fundamentals of Mathematics

Republic of the Philippines

BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

Jose P. Laurel Polytechnic College
Malvar, Batangas
College of Teacher Education
Fundamentals of Mathematics
FACTORS, MULTIPLES & INTEGERS
The factors of integer n are the positive integers that divide n evenly without remainder.
Ex. factors of 24: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24
The multiples of n are integers that n divide without any remainder.
Ex. multiples of 7: 7, 14, 21, 28, 35
Prime numbers counting numbers that have exactly two distinct, positive divisors. There are
25 prime numbers from 1 to 100.
Composite numbers counting numbers greater than 1 that have positive factors other than 1
and itself.
PRIME FACTORIZATION expressing a number as a product of factors, each of which is a prime
number.
Factor Tree
Continuous Division
Find the prime factors of the following.
1. 1225
4. 3762
2. 980
5. 1584
3. 450
6.
7. GREATEST COMMON FACTOR (GCF) refers to the largest common factor of two or
more numbers.
8.
Ex. Find the GCF of 45 and 60.
9.
10.Find the greater common factor of the following.
1. 441, 147
5. 120, 180, 150
2. 80, 200
6. 84, 294, 126
3. 225, 135
7. 1296, 864
4. 216, 144
8.
9.
LEAST COMMON MULTIPLE (LCM) refers to the smallest
number that two or more numbers will divide without
remainder.
10.
Ex. Find the LCM of 18 and 20.
11.
12.Find the least common multiple of the following.
1. 60, 72
5. 36, 45, 30
2. 20, 36, 24
6. 44, 33, 36
3. 12, 14, 21
7. 18, 45, 20
4. 28, 21, 42
8.
9. Solve the following.
1. What is the difference between the largest prime number and smallest prime number
between 50 and 90?
2. What is the smallest positive integer that has factors of 3, 4, 5, and 6?
3. A man has two trees he wishes to cut into logs of equal length. If the trees are 84 dm and
96 dm long, and are cut into the longest possible logs, what is the length of the log?
4. A man had 152g and 140g of peanuts which he wishes to put into boxes. Each box should
hold same number of grams and largest number possible. How many grams can he put
into each box?
5. How many integers between 1 and 150 are divisible by both 4 and 5?
10.
11.
INTEGERS

MATH 101 Fundamentals of Mathematics

12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.

It refers to the set of whole numbers and their opposites.

ABSOLUTE VALUE
It refers to the number of units a number is away the number line.
Ex. |-7|= 7

20.

23.

36.

OPERATIONS ON SIGNED NUMBERS

19.
Operat
21.
Like Signs
ion

Additi
on

22.

30.Subtract the integers and

take the sign of the integer
with the largest absolute
value.
31.
32.Examples:

24.Add the integers and keep

the sign.
25.
26.
27.Examples:

Subtra
ction

Unlike Signs

28. 5+3=8

33. 7+(4)=3

29. (6)+(10)=16

34. (9)+ 4=5

35.
37.Change the sign of the subtrahend and then proceed to
addition.
38.
39.Examples:
40. 4 (6)=4+ 6=10
41.
42. (9) (5)=(9)+5=4
43.

44.

Multip
lication
45.
and
46.
Divisio
n

47.If the signs of the factors

or dividend/divisors are
the same, the
product/quotient is
positive.
48.
49.Examples:

53.If the signs are different,

the product/quotient is
negative.
54.
55.Examples:
56. (9 ) (5 )=45

50. (3)(7)=21

57. 100 (10 )=10

51. (32 ) (8 )=4

52.
58.
59.Evaluate the following.
60.
1.

|27|

2.

|7(11 )|

3.

|89|

4.

| |

7.
8.

2
8

5.

| (2 )(17)|

6.

4 ( 5 ) 2(9)

9.

2 ( 3 ) (5 ) 8(2)

( 816 )

8 (2 )4 (3 )
10 21

2 3

8
12

10. 4 2

( )

11.
12.Additive Inverse If a is an integer, there exists the additive inverse or simply called the
negative denoted by a, such that
13.

a+ (a ) =0.

MATH 101 Fundamentals of Mathematics

14.

Multiplicative Inverse if a is an integer, there exist a multiplicative inverse or

simple called the reciprocal, denoted by a , such that

( 1a )=1.

15.
16.Find the additive and multiplicative inverses of the following integers.

1. 24
2. -16
3.

2
3

4.

24
6

5.

5
10

6.
7.
8. Prepared by:
9.
10.
Ms. Rensie Vique F. Falculan
11.Instructor