Republic of the Philippines

CAPIZ STATE UNIVERSITY

Pontevedra, Capiz
1 9 8 0

COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION GRADUATE SCHOOL PROGRAM

DOCTOR OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM
P.A. 312 Special Problems in Administrative Theory
TOCHE VIC B. DOCE
BORGONIA, DPA
Reporter / DPA Student
Professor

EVELYN B.

CULTURES AND MULTICULTURISM

Topic # 2
CULTURE
A totality of learned behaviors in the context of a social system (Slonim,
1991)
Includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capacities
and habits acquired by individuals as members of society
The characteristics of that individuals society or some subgroup within that
society
We live it and may cause some distress when we are out of our culture.
Attributes include familial, linguistic, religious, spiritual, aesthetic,
socioeconomic, educational, dietary, gender etc.
Culture-explicit and implicit
Explicit aspects of culture-language, dress, food habits, religion, aesthetic
conventions-taught deliberately and learned (tip of iceberg)
Implicit aspects of culture-equally important; habits often invisible to ustimeliness, what is proper or improper
RACE
- A socially determined category that is related to physical characteristics in a
complex way (Banks & Banks).
- Not a stable category; has changed over time
- Used often in US as if there is total agreement about definition
( school forms, Birth/death certificates etc)
- Has been defined socially, biologically and geographically
- Physical and inborn characteristics
- Skin color, body build or facial features
- Unlike culture-race cannot be changed or learned or acquired after birth
- Other terms used-Negroid, Caucasoid and Mongoloid
RACE-GEOGRAPHICALLY
- Determined by the region of the world and country
- African, American Indian, Asian, Australian, European, Indian, Melanesian,
and Polynesian

Does it (RACE) affect the quality of life experiences?

RACE-Why is it difficult to discuss?
- May be considered taboo to discuss (especially in mixed settings)

1 | Culture and Multiculturism

There may be denial on personal prejudice, racism, failing to acknowledge

its impact on the individuals life
Not easily defined or understood

Ethnicity
- An individuals sense of identification and provides a sense of belonging to a
reference group [derived from five major racial categories-African American,
Native American, Asian American, Latino American, European American]
(Slonim, 1991)
- African-Caribbean , Jewish American, Mexican American, Puerto Rican, Italian
American, Muslim, Cherokee, Navajo
- Persons can be at different stages of the ethnic awareness
- Ethnic group is a cultural group with a sense of peoplehood, shared history,
common ancestry, and common set of political and economic interests
MULTICULTURALISM
A WORLD VIEW THAT REJECTS THE GLOBAL CENTRALITY OF ANY SINGLE
CULTURE OR HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
A PRINCIPLE, AN APPROACH, OR A SET OF RULES OF CONDUCT THAT GUIDES
THE INTERACTIONS AND INFLUENCES THE PERCEPTIONS, BELIEFS,
ATTITUDES, AND BEHAVIORS OF PEOPLE FROM DIVERSE CULTURAL
BACKGROUNDS
Multicultural Management
An idea
A reform movement
A process
A multifaceted, organizational, change-oriented strategy aimed at seven
goals
1. Social equity
2. Empowerment of people.
3. Development of society that values cultural pluralism
4. Understanding and harmony in the workplace
5. Maintenance and expansion of freedom and democracy
6. Knowledge of cultural and ethnic groups
7. Develop all staff with multicultural perspective

2 | Culture and Multiculturism