Class XI Mathematics NCERT Solutions

SETS
Miscellaneous Exercise
Answers
1.

2.

3.

4.

Given:

Sol.
(i)

B = {2, 4, 6}, C = {2, 4, ,6 , 8.}, D = {6}

A B, A C, B C, D A, D B and D C

The statement is false.

Let A = {1} and B = {{1}, 2}
Then 1 A and A B but 1 B
(ii)
The statement is false.
Let A = {1} and B = {1, 2}, C {{1, 2}, 3}
Then A B and B C but A C
(iii) The statement is true.
x B ( A B)
x C ( B C)

Let x A
x A
x C

AC
(iv) The statement is false.
Let A = {1, 2}, B = {2, 3}, C {1, 2, 5}
Then A B and B C but A C
(v)
The statement is false.
Let A = {1, 2} and B = {2, 3, 4, 5}
Then 1 A and A B but 1 B
(vi) The statement is true.
x B ( A B)
Let x A

Now,
x B
x A
Since, A = A (A B) and A = A (A B)
Now, it is given that A B = A C and A B = A C

B = B (B A) = B (A B) = B (A C)
= (B A) (B C) = (A B) (B C) = (A C) (B C)
= (C A) (C B) = C (A B) = C (A C)
= C (C A) = C

B=C
Sol.
(i)
(ii)
A B = { x : x A and x B}
Since A B, Therefore A B =
(ii)

5.

A = { x : x R and x satisfies x 2 8 x + 12 = 0 }
= { x : x R and x satisfies ( x 6 )( x 2 ) = 0 } = {2, 6}

(iii)

AB=

AB

(iii)
(iv)
A B=B

AB

(iv)
(i)
A B=A

AB
Therefore,
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
x C and x B
Let x C B

x C and x A

[ A B]
x C A

CB CA

A B=B
A B=A

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6.

Let x A

AB

Let x B

7.

{ x} P (A)
{ x} P (B)

{ x} P (B)
{ x} P (A)

BA
From eq. (i) and (ii), we have
A=B
No, it is not true.
Taking A = {1, 2} and B = {2, 3}
Then A B = {1, 2, 3}
P (A) = { , {1} , {2} , {1, 2}} and P (B) = { , {2} , {3} , {2,3}}

x B

(i)
x A
(ii)

P (A) P (B) = { , {1} , {2} , {3} , {1, 2} , {2,3}}

.(i)

And

.(ii)

P (A B) = { , {1} , {2} , {3} , {1, 2} , {2,3} , {1,3} , {1, 2,3}}

From eq. (i) and (ii),

P (A) P (B) P (A B)
8. Since (A B) (A B) = (A B) (A B)

(A B) (A B) = A B B = A U = A
Therefore,
A = (A B) (A B)
Also
A (B A) = A (B A) = (A B) (A A) = (A B) U = A B
Therefore,
A (B A) = A B
9. (i)
If A B, then
A B=B
Also A B A

A (A B) = A
(ii)
If A B, then
A B=A
Also A A B

A (A B) = A
10. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6} and C = {2, 3, 4, 9, 10}

A B = {2, 3, 4}
And
A C = {2, 3, 4}
Therefore, we have
A B=A C
But
B C
11. Given: A X = B X for some set X.

A (A X) = A (B X)

A = (A B) (A X)

A = (A B)

A = (A B)

Also

AB
A X=B X
(B A) (B X) = B

B A=B
From eq. (i) and (ii), we have

12. Let A = {1, 2}, B = {1, 4} and C = {2, 4}

A B = {1}
And

.(i)
B (A X) = B (B X)
(B A) = B

BA
A=B

.(ii)

B C = {4}

A C = {2}
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But

A B C=

13. Let T be the set of students who like tea and C be the set of students who like coffee.

n ( C ) = 225, n ( T ) = 150 and n ( C T ) = 100

n ( C T ) = n ( C) + n ( T ) n ( C T )

n ( C T ) = 150 + 225 100 = 275

Number of students taking either tea or coffee = 275

Number of students taking neither tea nor coffee = 600 275 = 325

14. Let H be the set of students who know Hindi and E be the set of students who know English.

n ( H ) = 100, n ( E ) = 50 and n ( H E ) = 25

n (H E) = n (H) + n (E) n (H E)

n ( H E ) = 100 + 50 25 = 125

15. Given:

n ( U ) = a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h = 60

..(i)

n ( H ) = a + b + c + d = 25

..(ii)

n ( T ) = b + c + f + g = 26

..(iii)

n ( I ) = c + d + e + f = 26

..(iv)

n ( H I) = c + d = 9

..(v)

n ( H T ) = b + c = 11

..(vi)

n (T I) = c + f = 8

..(vii)

n ( H T I) = c = 3

..(viii)

Putting value of c in eq. (vii),

3+ f = 8

f =5

Putting value of c in eq. (vi),

Putting value of c in eq. (v),
Putting value of c, d , f in eq. (iv),

3 + b = 11
3+ d = 9
3 + 6 + e + 5 = 26

b =8
d =6
e = 12

Putting value of c, d , f in eq. (iii),

8 + 3 + 5 + g = 26

g = 10

Putting value of b, c, d in eq. (ii),

a + 8 + 3 + 6 = 25

a =8

(i)

(ii)

16. Given:

Number of people who read at least one of the three newspapers

= a+b+c+d +e+ f + g +h
= 8 + 8 + 3 + 6 + 12 + 5 + 10 = 52
Number of people who read exactly one newspaper
= a + e + g = 8 + 12 + 10 = 30

n ( A ) = a + b + c + d = 21

..(i)

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n ( B ) = b + c + f + g = 26

..(ii)

n ( C ) = c + d + e + f = 29

..(iii)

n ( A B ) = b + c = 14

..(iv)

n ( C A ) = c + d = 12

..(v)

n ( B C ) = c + f = 14

..(vi)

n ( A B C) = c = 8

..(vii)

Putting value of c in eq. (iv),

Putting value of c in eq. (v),
Putting value of c in eq. (vi),

b + 8 = 14
8 + d = 12

b=6
d =4

8 + f = 14

Putting value of c, d , f in eq. (iii),

8 + 4 + e + 6 = 29

e = 11

f =6

Number of people who like product C only = 11.

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