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Comprehensive Essay on the Structure of Indian Education System

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School is the foundation of our education. T he structure of school


education refers to the ladder of education at school level. T his can be
visualized from two perspectives viz. academic and administrative.
Academic Structure:
In the country the common pattern of education (10 + 2 + 3) was
recommended by the Education Commission later on it was supported
by NPE and CABE in 1972 after passing a resolution. T he Government
of India subsequently appointed a national level committee on 10 + 2 +
3 pattern.
Now a-days we have a common pattern of education throughout the
country, consisting of primary education, elementary education
ranging from standard I to VIII and divided into primary and Jr. High
School, IX. X as secondary education and XI, XII as Sr. Sec education.
Other forms of education have also been developed so as to meet social
demand. T hese include, among others non-formal education, open
school education, vocational education, and commercial education etc.
T he Organizational Structure: Education is the joint responsibility of
States and the Centre It has been developed to manage education at
different levels viz. Centre, State, District Block and at Village level
(Panchayat level)

Central Level:
Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) is the main
governing agency of Govt. Of India at central level it was renamed
from Ministry of Education in 1985. It is responsible for all matters of
pertaining to education including overall planning of programmes and
providing guidance for their implementation.
T he MHRD is headed by a Cabinet Minister of the Union Government
the department of education, under the MHRD is under the charge of a
Minister of State who is advised at the official level by the secretary to
the department, assisted by an additional secretary and Educational
Advisor on academic and policy matters of education.
T he DOE consist of several bureaus, each of which is headed by a Joint
Secretary on Joint Education Advisor. T hese officials are assisted by
Directors, Deputy Secretaries or Deputy Education Advisors, who are

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Comprehensive Essay on the Structure of Indian Education System


the divisional heads. In terms, they are further assisted by Under
Secretaries or Assistant Educational Advisors, who have one or more
sub-divisions under them.
T he following is the list of such Institutions and
organizations which assist and advice the Central
Government:
1. Central Board of Secondary Education, New Delhi (CBSE)
2. Central Hindi Directorate, New Delhi (Kendriya Hindi Nirdeshalaya)
3. Central Institute of Indian Languages, Mysore
4. Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages, Hyderabad
(CIEFL)
5. Educational Consultants of India Ltd., New Delhi
6. Kendriya Vidyalava Sansathana, New Delhi (KVS)
7. National Council of Educational Research and T raining, New Delhi
(NCERT )
8. National Council of T eacher Education, New Delhi (NCT E)
9. National Institute of Adult Education, New Delhi
10. National Institute of Public Cooperation and Child Development,
New Delhi
11. National Institute of Open Schooling, New Delhi (NIOS)
12. Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti, New Delhi
13. All India Council of T echnical Education, New Delhi (AICT E)
14. University Grants Commission, New Delhi (UGC)
15. National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration,
New Delhi
16. National Sports Authority of India, New Delhi
17. National Literacy Mission, New Delhi
18. Central Advisory Board of Education (CABE)

State Level:
At State level the position differs at different levels. Some States have
separate Departments/Ministries' like Higher Education/ T echnical
Education/School Education etc.
T he structure of School Education at the State level has
given as under:
T he following arc the responsibilities of the State
Government regarding School Education:
(1) T o establish and maintain educational ' institutions.
(2) T o recognize for the establishment of schools.
(3) T o provide grants to schools managed by| private governing
bodies.
(4) T o pass laws for different types of school education.
(5) T o supervise school through DEO's and Supervisors at Block level.
(6) T o recruit and place teachers in schools.
(7) T o prescribe the syllabus and supply books.
(8) T o establish school boards to conduct examinations.

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Comprehensive Essay on the Structure of Indian Education System


(9) T o provide special assistance to poor and backward students.
(10) T o organize training programmes for teachers and supervisors.
(11) T o initiate action against teachers and schools in case of any lapse.
(12) T o feed information to the centre about schools.

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