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Week 9
destructive tests
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Existent defects
Process defects
Service defects
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defects caused
casting.
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MATERIALS TESTING
Existent defects
Process defects
Service defects
defects caused
casting.
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Definition
Destructive Test DT
Non-destructive Test
NDT
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MATERIALS TESTING
Destructive Test DT
Types
i. Tensile Test
ii. Hardness Test : Brinell,
Vickers, Rockwell and
Knoop
iii. Impact Test : Izod and
Charpy
iv. CreepTest
v. FatigueTest
vi. Bending Test
vii. Compression Test
viii. Torsion Test
Non-destructive Test
NDT
i. Visual Inspection
ii. Liquid Penetrant
Inspection
iii. Magnetic Particle
Inspection
iv. Eddy Current
Inspection
v. Ultrasonic
Inspection
vi. Radiography
Inspection
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Torsion
Shear
Tensile
Compressive
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TENSILE STRENGTH
Bending Test
____________________
To determine the strength of a material by applying force to the
item and seeing how it reacts under pressure. Indicates an index of ductility.
Tensile Test
____________________
Indicates the strength, ductility and toughness of a metal. It can
measure stress strain curve, tensile strength, yield strength, reduction in area, Youngs
modulus, resilience and toughness.
Compression Test
____________________ The material is elastic until certain stress amount and having
plastic deformation after reaching the stress amount limit. Usually done before forging, rolling
and extrusion processes.
Fatigue Test
____________________
Indicates the metals that subjected to reserved or repeated
stresses fail at loads that are far below their ultimate tensile or compressive strength.
Creep Test
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SHEAR STRENGTH
Shear strength is the ability of a metal fractured by opposing
forces not acting in to resist being a straight line.
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COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
Compressive strength is the ability of a metal to withstand
pressures acting on a given plane.
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ELASTICITY
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bonds
stretch
return to
initial
F
When a sufficient load is applied to a metal or other structural material, it will cause
the material to change shape. This change in shape is called deformation.
A temporary shape change that is self-reversing after the force is removed, so that
the object returns to its original shape, is called elastic deformation.
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destructive tests
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linear
elastic
linear
elastic
plastic
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DUCTILITY
Ductility is the ability of a metal to be drawn or stretched
permanently without rupture or fracture. Metals that lack
ductility will crack or break before bending.
F
linear
elastic
linear
elastic
plastic
elastic
plastic
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metal
MALLEABILITY
Malleability is the ability of a metal to be hammered, rolled,
or pressed into various shapes without rupture or fracture.
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TOUGHNESS
Toughness is the ability of a metal to resist fracture as well as
the ability to resist failure after the damage has begun.
A tough metal can withstand considerable stress, slowly or
suddenly applied, and will deform before failure.
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HARDNESS
Hardness is the ability of a metal to resist scratches, dents
and wears by another metal or material.
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MACHINABILITY/ WELDABILITY
Machinability and weldability are the ease or difficulty with
which a material can be machined or welded.
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CORROSION RESISTANCE
Corrosion resistance is the resistance of a materials to
wearing or corroding away by air, moisture, or other agents.
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BRITTLENESS
Brittleness is the tendency of a material to fracture or break
with little or no deformation, bending, or twisting.
Brittleness is usually not a desirable mechanical property.
Normally, the harder the metal, the more brittle it is.