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Assume you have a bottle of sodium thiosulfate and want to determine its purity. The
thiosulfate ion can be oxidized with iodine (I2) as follows:
I2 (aq)
2 S2O 3 (aq)
2I- (aq)
S4O 6
(aq)
If you use 40.21 mL of 0.246 M iodine solution to completely react a 3.232-g sample of
impure sodium thiosulfate, what is the percent purity of the sodium thiosulfate.
First, realize that the sodium thiosulfate is a solid. The minute you put any kind of
aqueous solution onto it, it becomes part of that aqueous solution. So the eq. above
applies. The 2 Na+ would appear the same on both side s of the eq., so we can forget
about them. The problem tells you that 40.21 mL of 0.246 M iodine is what it takes to
react with all of the real Na2S2O3 in the sample of sodium thiosulfate.
Compute how many moles this is:
40.21 x 10-3 L x 0.246 mole/L = 9.89 x 10-3 moles = 0.00989 moles.
Note that 0.00989 moles if iodine reacts with twice as many moles of Na2S2O3.
This means that 0.00989 mole I2 matches ______________ Na2S2O3.
Compute how many moles of Na2S2O3 would be in 3.232 g if the Na2S2O3 were pure!
3.232 g
0.02043moles
158.2 g / mol
But out of 0.02043 moles only 0.01978 moles were really Na2S2O3.
Compute percent purity:
0.01978moles
Weight percent:
3.129 g
_______________ % pure
3.232 gjunky
Ch.5, #129. For drunk driving, breath test went by this reaction, all in water:
3CH3CH2OH + 2K2Cr2O7 + 8H2SO4
3CH3COOH
4K+
6(SO 24 )
4Cr3+
2(SO 24 )
11H2O
Net equation is without those things that are exactly the same on both sides:
2
3CH3CH2OH + 2(Cr2O 7
) + 8H+ + 8HSO
4
2
3CH3COOH + 4Cr3+ + 6(SO 2
4 ) + 2(SO 4 ) + 11H2O
Identify what must have been oxidized and what must have been reduced by looking at
changes and using oxidation state rules:
3CH3CH2OH
3CH3COOH
2(Cr2O 72 )
4Cr3+
What oxidation numbers are changing for this reaction? C and Cr change oxidation numbers.
Which substance is oxidized?______________________
Which substance is reduced?_______________________
Which is the oxidizing agent?______________________
Which is the reducing agent?_______________________
Ch.7,#11. Electromagnetic radiation that is low in energy consists of waves that have ______
Ch.7, #15. IBM scientists have developed a prototype computer chip that operates at 350
GHz ( 1 GHz = 109 Hz).
a) What is its wavelength in meters?
Use c , where is frequency in cycles /s and is length of one cycle (called
wavelength) in meters.
c
3 x10 8 m / s
300 x10 6 m / s
Ch.7, #25. When someone uses a sunscreen, what kind of radiation will be blocked?
Ultraviolet light. What is the nickname?_________________
How does a sunscreen protect your skin from this type of radiation?
There is a chemical, a molecule in the cream that absorbs the harmful radiation.