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    The document discusses various aspects of dredging, including different types of dredging such as capital dredging for new projects versus maintenance dredging, and different dredging equipment used such as trailing suction hopper dredgers, cutter dredgers, dipper dredgers, and excavators. It also covers dredging techniques including reclamation of new land, soil improvement methods, beach nourishment, and transporting dredged materials via split hopper barges and floating pipelines. The key dredging contractors are identified as Boskalis, Van Oord, Jan de Nul, and Dredging International, which together comprise 60% of the global market.

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    The document discusses various aspects of dredging, including different types of dredging such as capital dredging for new projects versus maintenance dredging, and different dredging equipment used such as trailing suction hopper dredgers, cutter dredgers, dipper dredgers, and excavators. It also covers dredging techniques including reclamation of new land, soil improvement methods, beach nourishment, and transporting dredged materials via split hopper barges and floating pipelines. The key dredging contractors are identified as Boskalis, Van Oord, Jan de Nul, and Dredging International, which together comprise 60% of the global market.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    31 views25 pages

    Module 6 2012

    Uploaded by

    caothucodon322
    The document discusses various aspects of dredging, including different types of dredging such as capital dredging for new projects versus maintenance dredging, and different dredging equipment used such as trailing suction hopper dredgers, cutter dredgers, dipper dredgers, and excavators. It also covers dredging techniques including reclamation of new land, soil improvement methods, beach nourishment, and transporting dredged materials via split hopper barges and floating pipelines. The key dredging contractors are identified as Boskalis, Van Oord, Jan de Nul, and Dredging International, which together comprise 60% of the global market.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 25

    Module 6

    Dredging

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    1. Capital Dredging vs Maintenance Dredging


    DEFINITION:
    Dredging is the under water removal of soil and
    subsequent transportation to another place,
    either for deepening or for profitable use

    CAPITAL

    MAINTENANCE
    New Islands
    New Ports

    Remove
    silt/sand from to
    keep existing
    water ways to
    the required
    depth

    Drivers: Swift population towards coastal areas,


    Economic growth, World population growth.

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    2. Draught
    Water depth in the Port or Shipping channel required
    Desired depth in Vietnam -12/14m

    Tide Vungtau = 3 m
    100.000 DWT = 8.000 TEU = approx. 16 m
    80.000 DWT = 6.000 TEU = approx. 14 m
    60.000 DWT = 4.000 TEU = approx. 12 m

    Soai Rap river /


    Hiep Phuoc -12?
    Currently -5/6

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    Cai Mep/Thi Vai -10 to 13m; TOA/Van Oord 2010

    3. Soil conditions
    Type of soil and the condition it is in
    - Sand (Loose or Compacted)
    - Silt
    - Clay (Soft or Stiff)
    - Gravel
    - Rock
    - Coral

    Round
    Gravel
    Sharp
    Silt

    Modern Soil

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    4. Reclamation
    Creating Land in the Sea by dumping sand
    Hai phong

    Maasvlakte 2 Netherlands

    WHY?
    Project Vungtau
    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    5. Soil improvement
    Improve the bearing capacity from reclaimed land
    Methods:
    - Compaction
    - Wick/Vertical drains
    - Vibro floatation
    - Soil mixing
    Consolidation

    Kansai Airport sinks 50 cm per year


    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    6. Beach Nourishment
    Replenish sand removed by currents

    Break water

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    7. Dredging Contractor
    Company to carry out the Dredging work
    THE BIG 4:
    - Boskalis (Netherlands)
    - Van Oord (Netherlands)
    - Jan de Nul (Belgium)
    - Dredging International (Belgium)
    Together hold 60% of the world
    Dredging market.

    VINAWACO

    Link with
    Offshore?

    Why they are BIG?:


    - Buy best equipment (IHC)
    - In house training school
    - Large versatile fleet
    - OPEX over CAPEX

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    8. TSHD
    Trailing Suction Hopper Dredger
    Trailing is to moving in one direction with
    something resting on the ground.
    Suction stand for the pump action, vacuuming
    the seabed.
    Hopper is area to contain the dredged
    material.
    Hopper capacity can vary from 1.500 m3 up to
    34.000 m3.
    Slurrification

    Long Chau 1969

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    How long to fill up?

    9. Cutter Dredger
    A stationary dredger that can mechanically excavate the seabed

    Slurry

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    Application?
    10

    10. Beaver Dredger


    Smaller cutter dredger by IHC

    Vietnam owns 9 IHC


    Beaver Dredgers and
    about 10 more from
    other manufacturers
    Vietnam has 3 Hopper
    Dredgers operational
    between 1.500 m3 and
    4.000 m3.
    Application?

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    11

    11. Dipper Dredger


    A stationary dredger that uses a bucket
    to excavate the seabed

    Vietnam: Clamshell or Grab Dredging

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    12

    12. Excavator
    Dredging using an
    excavator on a pontoon
    Application?

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    13

    13. Split Hopper


    Barge to transport dredged material that can dump quickly by splitting the hull

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    14

    14. Multi Cat


    Work boat to assist a cutter dredger with different tasks

    - Personnel transfer
    - Change cutter head or teeth
    - Hook-up of floating pipe line
    - Towing Dredger to site

    MOVIES

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    15

    15. Production
    How much dry material is dredged per second

    m = Density Mixture
    w = Density Water
    g = Density In situ

    Critical velocity 3 m/s


    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    16

    16. Suction/Drag head


    Suction mouth that is trailing on the
    seabed at the end of the suction tube

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    17

    17. Cutter teeth


    Clay /
    Silt

    Sand /
    Gravel

    Rock / Coral
    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    18

    18. Impeller / Pump Housing

    Double
    walled
    pump

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    19

    19. Discharge pressure


    Pressure at the pressure side of the dredge pump
    Pressure

    Pressure

    Cavitation

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    20

    20. Rain bowing


    Emptying the hopper by re-slurrifying the sand and spraying it from the bow

    How Far?

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    21

    21. Floating Pipeline


    Pipe line to transport mixture from the dredger to the dump site

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    22

    22. Booster Station


    Installation in the pipeline to bring the pressure back up

    Dumpsite
    6 km

    6 km
    Booster

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    23

    23. Bottom Doors


    Unloading the hopper by dumping through bottom doors

    Bottom door

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    24

    24. Barge Loading


    Pump the mixture in a barge that is moored next to the Hopper or Cutter

    The Dredging Cycle

    Oil & Gas introduction Course for NonEngineers SEC

    25

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