2 EEE VI Sem Lab Manual

1.
A) 8-BIT ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS USING 8085

AIM:
To write an assembly language program in 8085 to add, subtract, multiply and divide two 8 bit
numbers.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
1. 8085 Microprocessor Kit-1
2. Power supply 5V
8-BIT ADDITION
ALGORITHM:
1. Start the program
2. Initialize the carry register asSTART
00H.
3. Move the data1 and data2 to accumulator and B register respectively.
4. Add B register to the content
[C] of accumulator
5. If there is no carry, go to 00H
step 6, else increment C register.
6. Store the content of accumulator to the memory location.
[HL]
7. Move the content of C register to accumulator.
8500H
8. Store the content of accumulator to the next memory location.
[A]
[M]
9. Stop the program.
PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
MNEMONICS
[HL][HL]+1
MVI C,00 H
COMMENTS
8100
0E, 00
8102
3E, data1
8104
06,data2
MVI B,data2
Move data2 to B Register
8106
80
ADD B
Add B Reg to accumulator
8107
D2,0B,81
810A
0C
810B
32,00,80
810E
810F
79
32,01,80
CarryMOV
? A,C
[C][C]+1
STA 8001
Move carry to acc

Store the carry
8112
76
HLT
[HL][HL]+1
Stop the program
MVI A,data1
[A][A]+[M]
GO
JNC GO
Is there
a
INR C
carry?
STA 8000
Clear carry register

Move data1 to accumulator
Jump on No carry to address

Increment C Register
Store the result
OUTPUT:
Input
Memory location
Data 1
Data 2
FLOW CHART:
[M]
[A]
Data
04
[HL][HL]+1
02
[M]
[C]
STOP
Output
Memory location
8000
8001
Data
06
00
NO
YES
8-BIT SUBTRACTION
ALGORITHM:
1. Load the subtrahend from memory to A register and move it to B register.
2. Load the minuend to the accumulator.
3. Clear the C register to account for the sign of result.
4. Subtract the contents of B register from the A register.
5. Check for carry. If carry=0 go to 7th step, else go to next step.
6. Increment C register, and find the 2s complement of the content of accumulator.
7. Store the content of accumulator
and C-register
START
8. Stop the program
PROGRAM:
[C] 00H
LABEL
MNEMONICS
ADDRESS
OPCODE
8100
3A, 00, 82
8103
47
8104
3A, 01, 82
8107
0E, 00
8109
90
SUB B
810A
D2, 11, 81
JNC AHEAD
[HL][HL]+1
810D
0C
INR C
810E
2F
810F
C6,01
8111
32, 02, 82
8114
79
8115
32, 03, 82
8118
76
[A]
LDA 8201H
[M] C,00H
MVI
CMA
[A][A]-[M]
Input
Move the subtrahend in B reg

Load the minuend in A reg.
Clear C register.
Get difference on acc.
If CY=0, go to AHEAD
If CY=1, increment C reg
Take 2s complement of the
result
ADI 01H
AHEAD
STA 8202H
Is there
MOV A,C
a STA 8203H
borrow
HLT
?
Store the result in memory

Store the sign bit in memory
Stop the program
Add 01H to [A]

Output
[C][C]+1
Data
Memory location
06
8202
02
8203
[HL][HL]+1
[M]
[A]
[HL][HL]+1
FLOW CHART:
Load the subtrahend
Complement
Borrow
[A]
?
OUTPUT:
Memory location
8200
8201
LDA 8200H
[HL] 8500H
MOV B,A
COMMENTS
[M]
[C]
STOP
Data
04
00
NO
YES
8-BIT MULTIPLICATION
ALGORITHM:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Start the program

Clear the Accumulator and load multiplicand to B register.
Load the multiplier in C register.
Clear the D register for carry.
Add the content of B to accumulator until the multiplier becomes zero.
Increment the carry register if carry exists.
Store the product and the carry.
Stop the program
PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
8500
3E, 00
8502
LABEL
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
MVI A,00
Move data to accumulator
06,data1
MVI B,data1
Move multiplicand to B register
8504
0E,data2
MVI C,data2
Move the multiplier to C register
8506
16,00
MVI D,00
Clear D reg for carry
8508
80
ADD B
repetitive addition
8509
D2, 0D, 85
850C
14
850D
0D
850E
LOOP2
JNC LOOP1
INR D
Increment the D register if there is carry
DCR C
Decrement multiplier
C2, 08,85
JNZ LOOP2
Repeat the loop2 till C reg. becomes zero
8511
32,00,80
STA 8000
Store the product
8514
7A
MOV A,D
8515
32,01,80
STA 8001
Store the carry.
8518
76
HLT
Stop the process.
LOOP1
OUTPUT:
Input
Memory location
Data 1
Data 2
FLOWCHART:
Output
Data
03
02
Memory location
8000
8001
Data
06
00
START
[HL]
8500
B M
[HL] [HL]+1
A 00
C 00
[A] [A] +
[M]
NO
YES
Is there
any
carry?
C C+1
B B-1
IS
B=0?
NO
YES
[HL][HL]+1
[M]
[A]
[HL][HL]+1
[M]
[C]
STOP
8-BIT
DIVISION
ALGORITHM:

2. Load the divisor to accumulator
3. Load the dividend to B-register
4. Compare the B-register value with the accumulator
5. Jump on carry to step - 9
6. Subtract B-register value with accumulator
7. Increment the C-register and Jump to step 4
8. Store the quotient and the remainder.
9. Stop the program
PROGRAM:
START
ADDRESS
OPCODE
8500
3E,data1
8502
06,data2
8504
0E, 00
8506
B8
8507
DA, 0F, 85
850A
90
850B
0C
850C
C3, 06,85
850F
8512
8513
32,01,80
79
32,00,80
8516
76
LABEL
B 00
[HL]
8500
000
LOOP2
A M
MNEMONICS
MVI A,data1
Move divisor to accumulator
MVI B,data2
Move dividend to B Register
MVI C,00
CMP B
JC LOOP1
[HL] [HL]+1
M A-M
COMMENTS
Clear C register
Compare B reg and accumulator.
Jump on carry to loop1.
SUB B
Repetitive subtraction for division
INR C
Increment C register
JMP LOOP2
LOOP1
STA 8001
MOV A,C
[B] [B] +1
STA 8000
HLT
Jump to loop2
Store the remainder.
Store the quotient.
Stop the process.
IS
A<0?
OUTPUT:
AA+ M
Input
Memory location
Data 1
Data 2
Output
Data
B B-1
04
02
[HL][HL]+1
[M]
[A]
[HL][HL]+1
FLOWCHART:
[M]
[B]
STOP
Memory location
8000
8001
Data
02
00
NO
YES
RESULT:
Thus the assembly language program for 8-bit addition, subtraction, multiplication and division was
executed using an 8085 microprocessor.
1.B)16-BIT ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS USING 8085

16-BIT ADDITION
AIM:
To write an assembly language program in 8085 to add, subtract, multiply and divide two 16-Bit
numbers.
ALGORITHM:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Start the program.

Load the first 16 bit data into HL register pair and move it to DE pair.
Load the second 16 bit data in HL register pair.
Clear the accumulator for carry.
Add the content of HL register pair with DE register pair.
Check for carry and if carry exists, store it in carry register.
Store the sum and carry.
Stop the program.
PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
8100
8103
8104
OPCODE
2A, 00, 82
EB
2A, 02, 82
8107
AF
8108
19
8109
810C
D2, 0D, 81
3C
810D
22, 04, 82
8110
32, 06, 82
8113
LABEL
76
MNEMONICS
START
LHLD 8200
XCHG
[L]
LHLD 8202
[8200H]
[H] XRA A
[8201H]
[DE]DAD D
[HL]
JNC RESULT
[L] INR A
[8202H] [H]
RESULT SHLD 8204
[8203H]
STA 8206
[A]00H
HLT
Input
FLOW CHART:
Load first 16-bit data in HL reg pair

Exchange content of DE with HL reg pair
Load second 16-bit data in HL reg pair
Clear the accumulator.
Add the two numbers
If there is no carry store the sum.
Else increment the carry
Store the sum in specified address
Store the carry in specified address
End of program
[HL][HL]+ [DE]
OUTPUT:
Memory location
8200
8201
8202
8203
COMMENTS
Output
Data
Memory location
Is there
8204
a
8205
carry?
8206
Carry?
[A][A]+1
[8204][ L]
[8205] [H]
[8206]
[A]
STOP
Data
NO
YES
16-BIT SUBTRACTION
ALGORITHM:
2. Load the first 16 bit data in HL register pair and move it to DE reg pair.
3. Load the second 16 bit data in HL register pair.
4. Subtract the lower byte of data first and then higher byte of data.
5. If there is a carry obtain 2S Complement of result.
6. Store the difference and sign bit.

PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
8200
0E, 00
MVI C, 00H
Clear C register
8202
2A, 00, 84
LHLD 8400H
Load the subtrahend in HL reg pair
8205
EB
XCHG
Copy to DE reg pair
8206
8209
820A
2A, 02, 84
7D
93
LHLD 8402
MOV A, L
SUB E
Load the minuend
820B
6F
MOV L, A
Store lower byte result in L register.
820C
820D
7C
9A
MOV A, H
SBB D
Subtract higher order bytes.
820E
67
MOV H, A
Store higher byte result in H register.
820F
8212
D2, 1A, 82
0C
START
JNC
GO
INR C
If CY=0 store the result

Else increments carry register.
8213
7D
8214
8215
8216
8217
8218
8219
821A
821D
821E
8421
2F
6F
7C
2F
67
23
22, 04, 84
79
32, 06, 84
76
L
[L] MOV A,
[8400
H]
[H]
CMA
[8401 H]
MOV L, A
[DE]
MOV A, H
[HL]
CMA
MOV H,A
INX H
[L]
GO
SHLD 8404H
[8402H]
MOV A, C
[H]
STA 8406H
[8403H]
HLT
Subtract lower order bytes
Take 2s complement of result.
Store the result.

.
Store the carry.
End of the program.
OUTPUT:
Input
Memory location
8400
8401
8402
8403
FLOW CHART:
Output
Data
Is thereMemory location
8404
a
8405
borrow
8406
?
borrow
?
[8404][ L]
STOP
Data
[HL][HL]- [DE]
NO
NO
YES
[C][C]+1
[8405] [H]
[8406]
[C]
16-BIT MULTIPLICATION
ALGORITHM:
2. Load the multiplicand in HL pair register and copy in SP.
3. Load the multiplier in DE reg pair and clear HL and BC reg pair.
4. Add content of SP to HL pair register content.
5. Perform repetitive addition of the multiplicand until the multiplier becomes zero.
6. Store the product.
PROGRAM:
COMMENTS
ADDRESS
OPCODE LABEL
MNEMONICS
8000
2A,50,80
8003
F9
8004
2A,52,80
8007
EB
8008
21,00,00
LXI H, 0000H
800B
01,00,00
LXI B, 0000H
800E
39
800F
LHLD 8050H
SPHL
LHLD 8052
XCHG
LOOP
D2,13,80
DAD SP
JNC NEXT
8012
03
8013
1B
8014
7B
MOV A,E
8015
B2
ORA D
8016
NEXT
SHLD 8054
801C
79
MOV A, C
32,56,80
STA 8056
78
MOV A, B
32,57,80
STA 8057
76
If there is no carry, go to the

instruction labeled NEXT
Decrement DE reg. pair.
22,54,80
8024
Add SP with HL pair.
DCR D
8019
8021
Clear HL & DE reg. pairs.
Increment BC reg. pair
JNZ LOOP
8020
Load the second No. in HL reg. pair

& Exchange with DE reg. pair.
INX B
C2,0E,80
801D
Load the first No. in stack pointer

through HL reg. pair
HLT
Move the content of reg. E to Acc

OR Acc. with D reg.
If there is no zero, go to instruction
labeled LOOP
Store the content of HL pair in
memory locations 8054 & 8055.
Move the content of reg. C to Acc.
Store the content of Acc. in memory
location 8056.
Move the content of reg. B to Acc.
Store the content of Acc. in memory
location 8057.
Stop program execution
OUTPUT:
Input
Memory location
8050
8051
8052
8053
Output
Data
Memory location
8054
8055
8056
8057
Data
FLOWCHART :
START
L
[8050]
H
[8051]
SP HL
[8052]
[8053]
DE
HL
HL0000
BC0000
HLHL+SP
NO
YES
Is Carry
flag set?
[8054]
L
[8055]
H
[8056]
C
BCBC+1
DEDE+1
NO
[8057]
B
STOP
YES
Is Zero
flag set?
16-BIT DIVISION
ALGORITHM:
2. Load the dividend in HL pair register.
3. Load the divisor in accumulator and move to C register.
4. Subtract the content of the divisor from the dividend until the carry flag is set.
5. Increment the quotient during every time of subtraction.
6. Store the quotient and the remainder.
PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
8100
8103
8106
8107
810A
810B
810C
OPCODE
2A,00, 42
3A,02,42
4F
11,00,00
7D
91
6F
LABEL
810D
D2,11,81
JNC LOOP2
8110
8111
8112
8113
25
13
7C
FE,00
DCR H
INX D
MOV A,H
CPI 00H
8115
C2,0A,81
JNZ LOOP1
8118
8119
7D
B9
MOV A,L
CMP C
811A
D2,0A,81
JNC LOOP1
811D
8120
8121
8124
22,02,83
EB
22,00,83
76
SHLD 8302H
XCHG
SHLD 8300H
HLT
LOOP1
LOOP2
MNEMONICS
LHLD 8200H
LDA 8202H
MOV C,A
LXI D,0000H
MOV A,L
SUB C
MOV L,A
COMMENTS
Load the dividend in HL reg pair
Load the divisor in C register
Clear DE reg pair
Move the content of Acc to L.
Subtract reg. C from that of Acc.
If there is no carry, go to the location
labeled LOOP 2.
Decrement H reg. pair.
Increment the quotient
Move the content of reg. H Acc.
If there is no zero, go to instruction
labeled LOOP1
Compare C & A
If there is no carry, go to the location
labeled LOOP 1.
Store the remainder
Exchange
Store the quotient
Stop the program execution.
OUTPUT:
Input
Memory location
8200
8201
8202
8203
Output
Data
Memory location
8300
8301
8302
8303
Data
FLOWCHART:
START
L
[8200]
H [8201]
HL
DE
L
[8202]
H [8203]
BC 0000H
A
A
E
L; AABCBC- 1
LA
HLHL+DE
AH;
AA- HBorrow;
L[8300]
H[8301]
HA
BCBC+ 1
AC
NO
HA
Is
Carry
flag
set ?
[8302] A
AB
YES
[8303] A
A
STOP
RESULT:
Thus the assembly language program for 16-bit addition, subtraction, multiplication and division was
executed using an 8085 microprocessor.
3.A)ASCENDING ORDER
AIM:
To sort the given number in the ascending order using 8085 microprocessor.
ALGORITHM:
1.
Get the numbers to be sorted from the memory locations.
2.
Compare the first two numbers and if the first number is larger than second then I interchange the
number.
3.
If the first number is smaller, go to step 4
4.
Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the numbers are in required order
PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
8000
06,04
8002
21,00,81
8005
0E,04
8007
7E
8008
LABEL
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
MVI B,04
Initialize B reg with number of comparisons (n-1)
LXI H,8100
Initialize HL reg. to 8100H
MVI C,04
Initialize C reg with no. of comparisons (n-1)
MOV A,M
Transfer first data to acc.
23
INX H
Increment HL reg. to point next memory location
8009
BE
CMP M
Compare M & A
800A
DA,12,80
JC LOOP1
If A is less than M then go to loop1
800D
56
MOV D,M
Transfer data from M to D reg
800E
77
MOV M,A
Transfer data from acc to M
800F
2B
DCX H
Decrement HL pair
8010
72
MOV M,D
Transfer data from D to M
8011
23
INX H
Increment HL pair
8012
0D
DCR C
Decrement C reg
8013
C2,07,80
JNZ LOOP2
If C is not zero go to loop2
8016
05
DCR B
Decrement B reg
8017
C2,02,80
JNZ LOOP3
If B is not Zero go to loop3
801A
76
HLT
Stop the program
LOOP 3
LOOP2
LOOP1
OUTPUT:
INPUT
MEMORY LOCATION
OUTPUT
DATA
MEMORY LOCATION
8100
8100
8101
8101
8102
8102
8103
8103
8104
8104
FLOWCHART:
DATA
START
[B] 04H
[HL]
[8100H]
[C] 04H
[A] [HL]
[HL [HL] + 1
YES
IS [A] <
[HL]?
NO
[D] [HL]
[HL] [A]
[HL] [HL] - 1
YES
[HL] [D]
[HL] [HL] + 1
[C] [C] NO
01 H
A
B
NO
YES
A
IS
[C]=0?
NO
[C] =
YES
0?
[B] [B]-1
IS
[B]=0?
[B] =
0?
STOP
RESULT:
Thus the ascending order program is executed and thus the numbers are arranged in ascending order.
3.B) DESCENDING ORDER

AIM:
To sort the given number in the descending order using 8085 microprocessor.
ALGORITHM:
1.
Get the numbers to be sorted from the memory locations.
2.
Compare the first two numbers and if the first number is smaller than second then I
interchange the number.
3.
If the first number is larger, go to step 4
4.
Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the numbers are in required order
PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
MNEMONICS
START
8000
06,04
8002
21,00,81
8005
0E,04
8007
7E
8008
COMMENTS
MVI B,04
Initialize B reg with number of comparisons (n-1)
LXI H,8100
MVI C,04
Initialize C reg with no. of comparisons (n-1)
MOV
A,M
[HL]
23
[8100H]
INX
H
8009
BE
CMP M
Compare M & A
800A
D2,12,80
JNC LOOP1
If A is greater than M then go to loop1
800D
56
MOV
[A] D,M
[HL]
Transfer data from M to D reg
800E
77
MOV M,A
Transfer data from acc to M
800F
2B
[HL
[HL]
DCX
H +1
8010
72
MOV M,D
Transfer data from D to M
8011
23
INX H
Increment HL pair
8012
0D
8013
C2,07,80
JNZ LOOP2
If C is not zero go to loop2
8016
05
DCR B
Decrement B reg
8017
C2,02,80
JNZ LOOP3
801A
76
HLT
Stop the program
LOOP 3
LOOP2
[B] 04H
[C] 04H
LOOP1
IS [A] <
DCR
C
[HL]?
[D] [HL]
Decrement HL pair
Decrement C reg
[HL] [A]
OUTPUT:
INPUT
MEMORY LOCATION
8100
8101
8102
8103
8104
FLOWCHART:
[HL] [HL] - 1
DATA
[HL] [D]
[HL] [HL] + 1
[C] [C] 01 H
OUTPUT
MEMORY LOCATION
8100
8101
8102
8103
8104
DATA
NO
YES
IS
[C]=0?
[C] =
0?
[B] [B]-1
IS
[B]=0?
[B] =
0?
STOP
NO
YES
YES
RESULT:
Thus the descending order program is executed and thus the numbers are arranged in descending
order.
3.B) LARGEST ELEMENT IN AN ARRAY

AIM:
To find the largest element in an array.
ALGORITHM:
1. Place all the elements of an array in the consecutive memory locations.
2. Fetch the first element from the memory location and load it in the accumulator.
3. Initialize a counter (register) with the total number of elements in an array.
4. Decrement the counter by 1.
5. Increment the memory pointer to point to the next element.
6. Compare the accumulator content with the memory content (next element).
7. If the accumulator content is smaller, then move the memory content (largest element) to the
accumulator. Else continue.
9. Repeat steps 5 to 8 until the counter reaches zero
10. Store the result (accumulator content) in the specified memory location.
PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
OPCODE LABEL
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
8001
21,00,81
LXI H,8100
8004
06,04
MVI B,04
Initialize B reg with no. of comparisons(n-1)
8006
7E
MOV A,M
8007
23
INX H
8008
BE
CMP M
Compare M & A
8009
D2,0D,80
JNC LOOP
If A is greater than M then go to loop
800C
7E
MOV A,M
Transfer data from M to A reg
800D
05
DCR B
Decrement B reg
800E
C2,07,08
JNZ LOOP1
8011
32,05,81
STA 8105
Store the result in a memory location.
8014
76
HLT
Stop the program
LOOP1
LOOP
OUTPUT:
INPUT
MEMORY LOCATION
8100
8101
8102
8103
8104
FLOW CHART:
OUTPUT
DATA
MEMORY LOCATION
8105
DATA
START
[HL]
[8100H]
[B] 04H
[A] [HL]
[HL [HL] + 1
NO
IS [A] <
[HL]?
YES
[A] [HL]
[B] [B]-1
NO
IS [B]
= 0?
YES
YES
[8105] [A]
STOP
RESULT:
Thus the largest number in the given array is found out.
SMALLEST ELEMENT IN AN ARRAY

AIM:
To find the smallest element in an array.
ALGORITHM:
1. Place all the elements of an array in the consecutive memory locations.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Fetch the first element from the memory location and load it in the accumulator.
Initialize a counter (register) with the total number of elements in an array.
Decrement the counter by 1.
Increment the memory pointer to point to the next element.
Compare the accumulator content with the memory content (next element).
If the accumulator content is smaller, then move the memory content (largest element) to the
accumulator. Else continue.
9. Repeat steps 5 to 8 until the counter reaches zero
10. Store the result (accumulator content) in the specified memory location.
PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
OPCODE LABEL
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
8001
21,00,81
LXI H,8100
8004
06,04
MVI B,04
Initialize B reg with no. of comparisons(n-1)
8006
7E
START
MOV
A,M
8007
23
INX H
8008
BE
[HL]
CMP
M
Compare M & A
8009
DA,0D,80
JC LOOP
If A is lesser than M then go to loop
800C
7E
MOV
[B] A,M
04H
Transfer data from M to A reg
800D
05
DCR B
Decrement B reg
800E
C2,07,08
[A]LOOP1
[HL]
JNZ
8011
32,05,81
STA 8105
Store the result in a memory location.
8014
76
LOOP1
[8100H]
LOOP
[HL [HL] + 1
HLT
Stop the program
OUTPUT:
INPUT
MEMORY LOCATION
IS [A] <
[HL]?
DATA
8100
8101
8102
FLOW CHART:
MEMORY LOCATION
8105
[A] [HL]
8103
8104
OUTPUT
[B] [B]-1
IS [B]
= 0?
[8105] [A]
STOP
DATA
YES
NO
NO
NO
YES
RESULT:
Thus the smallest number in the given array is found out.
7.PROGRAMMABLE COMMUNICATION INTERFACE WITH 8085

AIM:
To interface 8251 with 8085 to transmit & receive data using interface card.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
S.NO
APPARATUS
SPECIFICATION
QUANTITY
Microprocessor
8085 system
Power supply
+5V
Interface board
VBMB-004
Bus
VXT
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
MODE WORD FORMAT:

D7
D6
D5
BAUD RATE FACTOR:

D0
D1
SYNCMODE.
ASYNC * 1
ASYNC * 16
ASYNC * 64
CHARACTER LENGTH:
D2
D3
5BITS
6BITS
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
7BITS
8BITS
PARITY CONTROL:
D4
D5
NO PARITY
ODD PARITY
EVEN PARITY
FRAMING CONTROL:
D6
D7
NOT VALID
1 STOP BIT
1 STOP BIT
2 STOP BIT
COMMAND WORD FORMAT:
EH
IR
RTS
ER
EH->Enable hunt mode
1-enable
IR->Internal reset
1-Reset
SBRK
RXE
DTR
RTS->Request to send
1-enable RTS.
ER->Error reset
1-Reset error flag.
SBRK->Send break character
1-Force txd low & 0-Normal operation.
RE->Receive enables
1-Enable. & 0-Disable.
DTR->Data transmit ready
1-Enable
TXEN->Transmit enable
1-Enable
TXEN
STATUS WORD FORMAT:

DST
SYNDET
FE
DSR ->It indicates that DSR is Zero.
OE
PE
TXEN
RDY
RXRDY
TXRRDY
FE
->Framing Error sets when a valid stop bit is not detected and reset by ER Command.
OE -> Overrun error reads the character before it is available. It is reset by ER bit in Command word.
PE -> Parity error, 1-Enable parity error reset by ER bit of command word.
RS 232 C
PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
MNEMONICS
8100
3E , 36
MVI A , 36
8102
D3 , CE
OUT 0CEH
8104
3E ,0A
MVI A,0A
8106
D3 , C8
OUT 0C8H
8108
3E ,00
MVI A,00
810A
D3 ,C8
OUT 0C8H
810C
3E ,4E
MVI A,4E
810E
D3 ,C2
OUT 0C2H
8110
3E ,37
MVI A, 37H
8112
D3,C2
OUT 0C2H
8114
3E ,41
MVI A, 41H
8116
D3 ,C0
OUT 0C0H
8118
CF
8200
DB, C0
8202
32 ,50 , 82
8205
CF
COMMENTS
Mode set for 8253
Mode for 8251

command instruction
Send the data
RST 1
IN 0C0H
STA 8250H
RST 1
Receive the data

Store the data
RESULT:
Thus the 8251 is interfaced with 8085 and 8086 and the data was transmitted & received using
interface card.
TIMER AND KEYBOARD/DISPLAY INTERFACE USING 8085

TIMER INTERFACE
AIM:
To generate a square waveform using timer interface 8253.
PIN CONFIGURATION OF 8253:
CONTROL FORMAT:
SC1
SC0
SCO
SC1
RL1
RL0
M2
M1
M0
RL1
RL2
=Counter 0
=Counter latch
=Counter 1
=LSB
=Counter 2
=MSB
=X
=LSB/MSB
M2
M1
M0
MODE
Interrupt on Terminal Count
Programmable One shot
Rate Generator
Square wave generator
BCD
BCD:
0=Binary count (16 bit)
1=BCD (11 decoder)
To generate a square wave the control word is formed for a counter 0, using LSB/MSB, Mode3 and
a binary count. The Control word is now 36 H.
0
Count value = Required Period / Period

PROGRAM FOR 8085
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABLE
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
8100
3E, 36
START
MVI A,36H
8102
D3, CE
OUT CEH
8104
3E, 0A
MVI A,0AH
8106
D3, C8
OUT C8H
8108
3E, 00
MVI A,00H
810A
D3, C8
OUT C8H
810C
76
HLT
Initialize timer in channel 0 and

in mode3
Move LSB to counter
Move MSB to counter
Stop the program
RESULT:
Thus using the timer interface 8253 square waveform is generated.
KEYBOARD AND DISPLAY INTERFACE - 8279

AIM:
To interface a keyboard and a display with 8085 microprocessor and write assembly language
program for displaying a character and reading the scan code of a key.
DISPLAYING A CHARACTER:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABLE
8100
3E, 00
8102
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
MVI, 00H
Keyboard/display mode setup

word
D3 ,C2
OUT C2H
Out to the control word register
8104
3E,CC,00
MVI A, CCH
Clear display control word
8106
D3 , C2
OUT C2H
8108
3E ,90
MVI A, 90H
Control word to select the row

address of the display RAM and
auto increment.
810A
D3 , C2
OUT C2H
810C
3E , 88
MVI A, 88
Display A
810E
D3, C0
OUT C0
8110
3E , FF
MVI A, FF
8112
D3, C0
OUT C0
8114
D3 , C0
OUT C0
8116
D3 , C0
OUT C0
8118
D3 , C0
OUT C0
811A
D3 , C0
OUT C0
811C
76
HLT
Blank the rest of the display
End of the program
TO READ A KEY AND STORE THE KEYCODE IN MEMORY LOCATION

ADDRESS
OPCODE
8100
DB, C2
8102
LABLE
LOOP
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
IN C2H
Read the FIFO status word
E6, 07
ANI 07H
Check for a key press
8104
CA,00,81
JZ LOOP
Close not met
8107
3E, 40
MVI A, 40H
Command
word for reading
RAM
8109
D3 , C2
OUT C2H
Out put to the command word

register
810B
DB, C0
IN C0H
Read the FIFO data from the

register with address C0
810D
32, 00, 42
STA 8200H
Store the value in a memory
8110
76
HLT
End of the program
RESULT:
Thus a keyboard and a display are interfaced with 8085 microprocessor and the assembly
language program for displaying a character and reading the scan code of a key is written.
ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS USING 8051

Ex.No: 9
,
AIM:
Date:
To perform 16-bit addition, 8-bit subtraction, 8-bit multiplication and division using 8051 micro
controller.
16 BIT ADDITION:
ALGORITHM:
1.Get the LSB of the first operand and add with the LSB of the second operand.
2.Store the LSB of the result.
3.Get the MSB of the first operand and add with the MSB of the second operand.
4.Store the result.
5.Stop the program.
PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABLE
9100
C3
CLR C
Clear the carry flag
9101
74,32
MOV A,#DATA L1
Move LSB1 to A
9103
24,CD
ADD A,#DATA L2
Add LSB2 with A
9105
90,91,50
MOV DPTR,#4150
Initialize data pointer
9108
F0
MOVX @DPTR, A
Accumulator content is
immediately moved to DPTR
9109
A3
INC DPTR
Increment DPTR
910A
74,54
MOV A,#DATA M1
Move MSB1 to A
910C
34,AB
ADDC A,# DATA M2
Add MSB2 to A with carry
910E
F0
MOVX @DPTR, A
Accumulator content is
immediately moved to DPTR
910F
80
9110
FE
here
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
SJMP here
Stop the program
8 BIT SUBTRACTION
PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
9100
C3
LABLE
MNEMONICS
CLR C
COMMENTS
Clear the carry flag
9101
74,C2
MOV A,#DATA1
Move data1 to A
9103
94,02
SUBB A,#DATA2
Data2 is subtracted
accumulator
9105
90,45,00
MOV DPTR,#9500
Initialize DPTR
9108
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
Move accumulator content to

DPTR
9109
80
910A
FE
here
from
SJMP here
Stop
8 BIT MULTIPLICATION
PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABLE
9100
74,FF
MOV A,#DATA1
Move data1 to A register
9102
75,F0,FF
MOV B, #DATA2
Move data2 to B register
9105
A4
MUL A,B
Multiply A and B register
9106
90,95,00
MOV DPTR,
#9500
Initialize the DPTR
9109
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
Move LSB in A to DPTR
910A
A3
INC DPTR
Increment DPTR
910B
E5,F0
MOV A,B
Move the content of B to A
910D
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
Move A to DPTR
910E
80
910F
FE
Here
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
SJMP here
Stop the program
8BIT DIVISION
PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
HEXCODE
LABEL
MNEMONICS
COMMENT
9100
74,65
MOV A,#DATA1
Move data1 to register A
9102
75,F0,08
MOV B,#DATA2
Move data2 to B by B register
9105
84
DIV A,B
Divide A by B
9106
90,95,00
MOV DPTR,#9500
Move 9500toDPTR
9109
F0
MOV @DPTR,A
Move content A to DPTR
910A
A3
INC DPTR
Increment DPTR
910B
E5,F0
MOV A,B
Move the content of B to A
910D
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
Move content in A to DPTR
910E
80
SJMP here
Stop the program
910F
FE
here
RESULT:
Thus 16 bit addition, 8 bit subtraction ,8 bit multiplication and division were executed using 8051
microcontroller.
EX.NO: 10
DATE :
TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION OF A

CHARACTER USING 8085 & 8253
AIM:
To write a program for the transmission and reception of a character between 8085 and 8253/8251.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
1. 8085 Microprocessor Kit

2. 8253/8251 Interface Kit
3. Power supply 5V
4. Keyboard
ALGORITHM:
1. Type the transmission program and execute the program
2. Type the reception of a character and execute
3. To check the reception of a character.
PROGRAM:
FOR TRANSMITTING A CHARACTER:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
9000
3E,36
MVI A,36H
Move immediate data to Acc
9002
D3,CE
OUT OCEH
Out data to control register
9004
3E,0A
MVI A,0AH
9006
D3,C8
OUT OC8H
9008
3E,00
MVI A,00H
Clear A register
900A
D3,C8
OUT OC8H
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
900C
3E,4E
MVI A,4EH
900E
D3,C2
OUT OC2H
9010
3E,37
MVI A,37H
9012
D3,C2
OUT OC2H
9014
3E,50
MVI A,50H
9016
D3,C0
OUT OC0H
9018
CF
RST
Reset
FOR RECEIVING A CHARACTER:

ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
9100
DB,C0
IN 0C0H
Move input data to control reg
9102
32,50,41
STA 9150H
Store the result in Accumulator
9105
CF
RST
Reset
RESULT:
Thus the transmission and reception of a character between 8085 and 8253/8251 was executed and
verified successfully.
EX.NO: 11
KEYBOARD AND DISPLAY INTERFACE WITH 8051
DATE :
AIM:
To perform interfacing of keyboard and seven segment display with 8051.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
2. 8279 Interface board

3. Power supply 5V
4. Keyboard
ALGORITHM:
1. Assemble the program
2. Execute it and press any key in keyboard and then view the result in the accumulator
3. Before pressing any key in keyboard execute the program once.
KEYBOARD PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
9000
90,60,61
MOV DPTR,#6061
Control & status register
9003
74,12
MOV A,#12H
Control word
9005
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
Out to 8279
9006
74,3E
MOV A,#3EH
For freq division
9008
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
Out to 8279
9009
74,A0
MOV A,#A0H
Display/write inhibit
900B
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
Out to 8279
900C
90,60,61
900F
E0
LOOP1
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
MOV DPTR,#6061
MOVX A,@DPTR
Read the status 8279
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
9010
54,07
ANL A,#07H
9012
60,F8
JZ 900C (LOOP1)
If zero loop back
9014
90,60,60
MOV DPTR,#6060
Read key code data
9017
E0
MOVX A,@DPTR
9018
54,3F
ANL A,#3FH
Suppress unwant bits
901A
12,00,BB
LCALL 00 BBH
Break Point
DISPLAY PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
9200
79,60
MOV R1,#60H
7 Segment code for 2
9202
90,60,61
MOV DPTR,#6061H
Control & status register
9205
74,12
MOV A,#12H
Control word
9207
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
Out to 8279
9208
74,3E
MOV A,#3EH
For freq division
920A
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
Out to 8279
920B
74,A0
MOV A,#A0H
Display/write inhibit
920D
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
Out to 8279
920E
78,08
MOV R0,#08H
8 Digit count
9210
74,00
MOV A,#00H
9212
90,60,60
MOV DPTR,#6060H
9215
F0
9216
D8,FD
DJNZ R0,9215H(L1)
Clear all digit
9218
E9
MOV A,R1
7 Segment code to be
displayed
9219
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
Out to 8279
LOOP1
LOOP2
Data register address
MOVX @DPTR,A
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
921A
80,FD
SJMP 9219H(L2)
921C
12,00,BB
LCALL 00 BBH
Break Point
OUTPUT:
7 SEGMENT CODES FOR 0 TO F:
FC
60
BA
F2
66
D6
DE
70
FE
76
7E
CE
9C
EA
9E
1E
7 SEGMENT CODE FORMAT:

Character
Hex code
FC
60
a
f
b
g
.h
RESULT:
Thus the interfacing of keyboard and seven segment display with 8051 were executed and verified
successfully.
EX.NO: 12
ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERSION
DATE :
AIM:
To write an assembly language program to perform analog to digital conversion using 8051.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
2. ADC Interface Kit
3. Power supply 5V
4. Keyboard
PROCEDURE:
1. Assemble the program
2. Vary the pot in the adc chord
3. Execute it and view the output count in the accumulator, which will be displayed in the LCD
display
4. Every time you vary the pot, execute the program and measure the count value in the
accumulator.
5. Repeat the above step for different inputs in the pot
6. After enough of readings have been taken reduce the pot to its minimum value
7. Switch off the power supply and remove all the connections.
ADC PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
9000
90,60,03
MOV DPTR,#6003H
Out it in Control register
9003
74,90
MOV A,#90H
CWR for port A as I/P port

and port C as O/P
9005
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
9006
90,60,02
MOV DPTR,#6002H
Port c is enabled for WR
9009
74,FF
MOV A,#FFH
Start of conversion
900B
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
900C
90,60,02
MOV DPTR,#6002H
900F
74,00
9011
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
9012
90,60,02
MOV DPTR,#6002H
9015
74,FF
MOV A,#FFH
9017
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
9018
12,90,22
LCALL 9022H
Delay routine
901B
90,60,00
MOV DPTR,#6000H
Port A as I/P
901E
E0
MOV A, @DPTR
Read the ADC value
901F
12,00,BB
LCALL 00 BBH
Break Point
LOOP1
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
MOV A,#00H
DELAY SUBROUTINE:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
9022
79,FF
9024
00
9025
LABEL
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
MOV A,#FFH
Delay Count
NOP
No Operation
00
NOP
No Operation
9026
00
NOP
No Operation
9027
00
NOP
No Operation
9028
00
NOP
No Operation
9029
00
NOP
No Operation
902A
00
NOP
No Operation
902B
D9,F7
DJNZ 9024(LOOP1)
902D
22
RET
LOOP1
Return To Main Program
OUTPUT:
S.NO
1
2
3
4
5
6
ANALOG INPUT
DIGITAL OUTPUT
RESULT:
Thus the analog to digital conversion using 8051 was executed and verified successfully.
EX.NO: 13
DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERSION
DATE :
AIM:
To write an assembly language program to perform digital to analog conversion using 8051.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
2. DAC Interface Kit
3. Power supply 5V
4. Keyboard
PROCEDURE:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Assemble the program

Give the digital data in the software program itself.
Execute it and view the output through the multi-meter at the connector in the dac cord
For different values of the digital data you will get different values in the multi-meter
Switch off the power supply and remove all the connections
DAC PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
9000
74,80
MOV A,#80H
CWR for all Port O/P
9002
90,60,03
MOV DPTR,#6003H
Out it in Control Register
9005
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
9006
74,80
MOV A,#80H
Given I/P data
9008
90,60,01
MOV DPTR,#6001H
Out Port B
900B
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
ADDRESS
OPCODE
900C
12,00,BB
LABEL
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
LCALL 00BBH
Break point
OUTPUT:
S.NO
DIGITAL INPUT
ANALOG OUTPUT
1
2
3
4
5
RESULT:
Thus the digital to analog conversion using 8051 was executed and verified successfully.
DC MOTOR INTERFACING WITH 8051

EX.NO: 14
DATE :
AIM:
To perform stepper motor control using 8051 microcontroller.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
2. DC motor interfacing board
3. Power supply 5V
4. Keyboard
PROCEDURE:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Assemble the program

Give the digital data in the software program itself.
Execute it and view the output through control by dc motor
For different values of the digital data you will get different speed in the motor
Switch off the power supply and remove all the connections
DC MOTOR PROGRAM:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
9000
74,80
MOV A,#80H
CWR for all Port O/P
9002
90,60,03
MOV DPTR,#6003H
Out it in Control Register
9005
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
9006
74,80
MOV A,#80H
Given I/P data
9008
90,60,01
MOV DPTR,#6001H
Out Port B
900B
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
900C
12,00,BB
LCALL 00BBH
Break point
RESULT:
Thus the DC motor was interfaced successfully with 8051 and verified.
EX.NO: 15
STEPPER MOTOR INTERFACING WITH 8051
DATE :
AIM:
To perform stepper motor control using 8051 microcontroller.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
1. 8051 Microprocessor Kit-1
2. Power supply 5V
3. Keyboard-1
4. Serial interface cable
5. Stepper motor
6. Stepper motor interfacing board
ALGORITHM:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Store the switching sequence values at memory location

Initialize the counter for number of values
Get the value and give it to rotate the motor
Provide sometime delay using delay routine
Check whether all the sequence are given / not repeat step 3 and 4.
PROGRAM:
CLOCK WISE DIRECTION:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
9000
90,60,03
MOV DPTR,#6003
9003
74,80
MOV A,#80H
9005
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
9006
90,60,00
MOV DPTR,#6000
9009
74,05
900B
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
900C
12,90,24
LCALL 9024(DELAY)
Call Delay
900F
74,07
MOVX A,@ #07H
Second step sequence
9011
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
9012
12,90,24
LCALL 9024(DELAY)
Delay
9015
74,06
MOV A,#06H
Third step sequence
9017
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
9018
12,90,24
LCALL 9024(DELAY)
Delay
901B
74,04
MOV A,#04H
Fourth sequence
901D
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
901E
12,90,24
LCALL 9024(DELAY)
Delay
9021
02,90,09
LJMP 9009(LOOP1)
Repeat
LOOP1
MNEMONICS
MOV A,#05H
COMMENTS
Control port
All bits outputs
First step sequence
ANTI CLOCK WISE DIRECTION:

ADDRESS
OPCODE
9000
90,60,03
LABEL
MNEMONICS
MOV DPTR,#6003
COMMENTS
Control port
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
MNEMONICS
COMMENTS
9003
74,80
MOV A,#80H
9005
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
9006
90,60,00
MOV DPTR,#6000
9009
74,04
900B
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
900C
12,90,24
LCALL 9024(DELAY)
Call Delay
900F
74,06
MOVX A,@ #06H
Second step sequence
9011
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
9012
12,90,24
LCALL 9024(DELAY)
Delay
9015
74,07
MOV A,#07H
Third step sequence
9017
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
9018
12,90,24
LCALL 9024(DELAY)
Delay
901B
74,05
MOV A,#05H
Fourth sequence
901D
F0
MOVX @DPTR,A
901E
12,90,24
LCALL 9024(DELAY)
Delay
9021
02,90,09
LJMP 9009(LOOP1)
Repeat
LOOP2
MOV A,#04H
All bits outputs

First step sequence
DELAY SUBROUTINE:
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
MNEMONICS
9024
79,0A
MOV R1,#0AH
9026
74,40
LOOP3
MOV A,#40H
9028
00
LOOP4
NOP
9029
00
NOP
902A
00
NOP
902B
00
NOP
902C
14
DEC A
COMMENTS
Changing the speed of

rotation
ADDRESS
OPCODE
LABEL
MNEMONICS
902D
70,F9
JNZ 9028(LOOP4)
902F
D9,F5
DJNZ R1,9026(LOOP3)
9031
22
RET
COMMENTS
RESULT:
Thus the stepper motor was interfaced successfully with 8051 and the full step rotation for both
clockwise and anti-clockwise was verified.

2 EEE VI Sem Lab Manual

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2 EEE VI Sem Lab Manual

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1.

A) 8-BIT ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS USING 8085

Move data2 to B Register

Add B Reg to accumulator

Move carry to acc

Stop the program

Clear carry register

Jump on No carry to address

Move the subtrahend in B reg

Store the result in memory

Add 01H to [A]

Load the subtrahend

Start the program

Move data to accumulator

Move multiplicand to B register

Move the multiplier to C register

Clear D reg for carry

Increment the D register if there is carry

Repeat the loop2 till C reg. becomes zero

Store the product

Store the carry.

Stop the process.

1. Start the program

Move divisor to accumulator

Move dividend to B Register

Repetitive subtraction for division

1.B)16-BIT ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS USING 8085

Start the program.

Load first 16-bit data in HL reg pair

7. Stop the program.

Load the subtrahend in HL reg pair

Copy to DE reg pair

Load the minuend

Store lower byte result in L register.

Subtract higher order bytes.

Store higher byte result in H register.

If CY=0 store the result

Subtract lower order bytes

Take 2s complement of result.

Store the result.

If there is no carry, go to the

Add SP with HL pair.

Clear HL & DE reg. pairs.

Increment BC reg. pair

Load the second No. in HL reg. pair

Load the first No. in stack pointer

Move the content of reg. E to Acc

Initialize B reg with number of comparisons (n-1)

Initialize HL reg. to 8100H

Initialize C reg with no. of comparisons (n-1)

Transfer first data to acc.

Increment HL reg. to point next memory location

If A is less than M then go to loop1

Transfer data from M to D reg

Transfer data from acc to M

Transfer data from D to M

If C is not zero go to loop2

If B is not Zero go to loop3

Stop the program

3.B) DESCENDING ORDER

Initialize B reg with number of comparisons (n-1)

Initialize HL reg. to 8100H