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The following lab reviews your knowledge of the different types of network architectures. The
following table summarizes the different network architectures. Completes the table (add lines if
necessary).
Architecture
Topology
Cabling
Access
methods
Token Ring
Topology Ring
Topology Star-using Token Ring repeater hubs
a)
When a computer has a message to send, it seizes the token. The computer
will then be able to send the frame.
When the frame gets back to the originator, it sees that the token has been
changed to 0 and that the message has been copied and received. It removes the
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Speed
Architecture
10Base2
Topology Bus
Topology
Cabling
Access
methods
Speed
Architectur
10BaseT
Topology
Cabling
Access
methods
Speed
Architecture
Topology
10BASE-T and UTP segments can coexist on the same network via a
transceiver and transceiver cable or converter when each hub is attached to a
common segmen.
Each node on the network has its own cable run back to a common hub, and
each of these cable runs may be up to 100 meters (330 feet) in length.
10Base5
Topology Bus
Cabling
Access
methods
Speed
Architectur
100BaseT
Topology
Cabling
Access
methods
Speed
Architectur
100BaseSX
Topology
Cabling
Access
methods
Speed
Illustrations /picture
Description
Advantages
Disadvantages
Name
Star
- Too much
dependency on
- The installation
central device
process and
has its own
connectivity is
drawbacks. If it
easy.
fails whole
network goes
down.
Topology
Illustrations /picture
Description
Advantages
Disadvantages
Name
Bus
Topology Name
A ring topology is a
topology for a
Local Area
Network (LAN) in
which every device
has exactly two
neighbours for
communication
purposes.
Typically, all
messages travel
through a ring in
the same direction.
A failure in any
cable or device
breaks the loop and
will take down the
entire segment.
Illustrations
Description
This type of
network topology is
very organized.
Each node gets to
send the data when
it receives an
empty token. This
helps to reduces
chances of
collision. Also in
ring topology all
the traffic flows in
only one direction
at very high speed.
- Even when the
load on the network
increases, its
performance is
better than Bus
topology.
-There is no need
for network server
to control the
connectivity
between
workstations.
Advantages
station
Each packet of data
must pass through all
the computers
between source and
destination. This
makes it slower than
Star topology.
If one workstation or
port goes down, the
entire network gets
affected.
Network is highly
dependent on the
wire which connects
different components.
MAHUs and
network cards are
expensive as
compared to Ethernet
cards and hubs.
Disadvantages
/picture
Mesh
A Mesh topology
provides each device
with a point-to-point
connection to every
other device in the
network.
Mesh topologies use
routers to determine
the best path. Mesh
networks provide
redundancy, in the
event of a link
failure, meshed
networks enable data
to be routed through
any other site
connected to the
network. Because
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Data can be
transmitted from
different devices
simultaneously.
This topology can
withstand high
traffic.
Even if one of the
components fails
there is always an
alternative present.
So data transfer
doesnt get affected.
Expansion and
modification in
topology can be
done without
Tree
disrupting other
nodes.
It is an extension of
Star and bus
Topologies, so in
networks where
these topologies
cant be
implemented
individually for
reasons related to
scalability, tree
topology is the best
alternative
Expansion of
Network is possible
and easy.
Error detection and
correction is easy.
If one segment is
damaged, other
segments are not
affected.
A- Cabling Equipment
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Equipment
Illustrations /picture
Description
Usage
Coaxial cable is
common used to
connect home video
equipment, in ham
radio setup and in
measurement
electronics. Common
for implement
computer network, in
particular Ethernet.
Long distance
coaxial cable was
used in 20th century
to connect radio
networks, television
network and Long
Distance Telephone
network.
There are several
categories involving
twister pair cable.
Every category has
its own attraction
and
limitation
of
application. Namely,
there is Category 1
to Category 6. For
example, Category 1
is used for telephone
communication and
not
suitable
for
transmitting data.
Uses twisted pair to
cancel
out
electromagnetic
interference
and
cross talk by two
wires. Most common
example is CAT 5
cable. When used as
a
networking
medium, UTP cable
has four pairs of
either 22- or 24gauge copper wire.
UTP
used
as
a
Name
Coaxial cable
Twisted Pair
cable
UTP
cable
is
a
medium
that
is
composed of pairs of
wires. UTP cable is
used in a variety of
networks. Each of the
eight
individual
copper wires in UTP
cable \is covered by
an
insulating
material. In addition,
the wires in each pair
are twisted around
each other. UTP cable
UTP
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Cat 5e cable
Cat 6 cable
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networking medium
has an impedance of
100
ohms;
this
differentiates it from
other
types
of
twisted-pair
wiring
such as that used for
telephone
wiring,
which
has
impedance of 600
ohms.
This type of cable is
used in structure
cabling for computer
networks such as
Ethernet. It is also
used to carry other
signal such as
telephone and video.
Network Repeater
Network Transceivers
Hubs
Description
Provide wireless local area network
connectivity in a system-on-chip
platform. A LAN chip is a device on
an
Ethernet
network
that
broadcasts
information
and
provides
Ethernet
functions
including PHY receivers and media
access control (MAC). It can also
encrypt and decrypt packets as
they sent or received without
increasing latency for unencrypted
packets.
A network repeater is a device used
to expand the boundaries of a
wired or wireless local area network
(LAN). In the past, wired repeaters
were used to join segments of
Ethernet cable. They would amplify
the data signals before sending
them on to the uplinked segment,
thereby countering signal decay
that occurs over extended lengths
of wire. But Modern Ethernet
networks use more sophisticated
switching devices, leaving the
wireless flavour of the network
repeater a more popular device for
use with wireless LANs at work and
home.
Network transceivers, short for
transmitter-receiver, are devices
that both transmit and receive
analog or digital signals. Network
transceivers are available in three
main configurations which is chip,
board or module style. For many
LANs, the transceiver is built
directly into the network interface
card (NIC). Some types of networks,
however,
require
an
external
transceiver.
A hub is a small rectangular box,
often made of plastic that receives
its power from an ordinary wall
outlet.
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Usage
LAN chip are available as
wireless chip which has a
wireless communication
system built in it. This type
of LAN chip can transfer
high-definition files and it
can also provide broadband
communication over several
miles, unlike WIFI. LAN chips,
such as WLAN chips enable
WiFI connectivity to mobile
devices, such as cell phone.
Repeaters used to extend the
range of wireless networks
and
fibre
optic
communication
systems.
How
network
repeaters
works? Network repeaters
use various retiming and
amplification techniques for
signal
regeneration.
In
Ethernet network, they also
use partitioning to prevent
the propagation of faults
from one network segments
to the entire network.
Description
Usage
Switches
Routers
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Leased Line
Modems
File Server
Workstation
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