PILE FOUNDATION

Page 42 - 1

TANK SUPPORT
D

SUMMARY for TANK and FOUNDATION

tare
741 k
tank
test
6254 k
water weight
LN2
5012 k
liquid weight full
test
Normal
W contents

6995 k
5753 k
4200 k

tank + weight at test

normal max operating weight
contents that move w/ tank during an event

diameter
area
q operate

53 ft
2206 ft2
2.61 k/ft2

approximate loaded diameter

(53 /2)^2 * PI()
Normal /area

3.5' Elevated Deck

h
3.5 ft
DL
1839 k
area
3503 ft2

from AutoCAD massprop calculations

1,839 /(42 /12 * 0.15)

275490908.xls

60'

row 13

3.5' deck
15'
4' cap

Piling
Top

row 23
1.59 k

24" x 1/2" wall steel casing

0.5 * 24 * PI() /144 * 485 * 12.5 /1000

5.89 k

concrete top 12.5'

12^2 * PI() /144 * 0.15 * 12.5

7.48 k

per arbitrary 12.5' trib length of composite pile

21 each
157 k

above the pile cap

sum of piling weight above pile cap

#VALUE!
columns

4.0' Pile Cap

h
DL

gross opr

row 33
wt steel
wt conc.

4 ft
2102 k

5753
1839
157
2102

k
k
k
k

sum

9851 k

sum

11093 k

1k

tank + contents operating weight Liquid

top deck
columns
pile cap

485 lb/ft3
150 lb/ft3
1000 lbs

row 43

operating load to bottom of pile cap

test load H2O

A flat bottom 60 foot diameter, 60 foot tall, liquid nitrogen storage tank
is supported on a pile foundation at 15' above grade.
Pile foundation and pedestal structure to support:
Tank and contents normal operating weight of 5,753,000 lbs.
Test weight of 6,995,000 Lbs.

row 53

Life of the structure is 30 years.

Planar tilt is limited to 1/2" in 60' during the life of the structure. Out-of-plane, differential
settlement is limited to 1/8" in 30' and 1/4" in 60' during the life of the structure.'
Settlements will govern this design as much or more than seismic and wind forces.
row 63

PILE FOUNDATION
A

Page 42 - 2

TANK SUPPORT
D

DESIGN LOADS for FRAME ANALYSIS PROGRAM

This frame is an elastic ordinary moment resiting frame. The design is for elastic
response only and does not use yielding of any member for energy absorbtion.
The value of R for ordinary moment resisting frames is the same as
the R for elevated tanks on unbraced legs.

275490908.xls

Estimate story shear (V story) to the top of the pile cap

Ca
0.36
factor for vertical accelerations
I
V
estimate
C factor

tank
W contents

1.25
0.304 *W
1
1.1

importance factor
from seismic worksheet
estimated redundancy factor
'97 UBC 1612.2.2.1 Exception 2
for concrete columns

seismic
DL shear ult
741

row 73

Structure Movement

33.85

5012

weight
741

32.1 ft CG of effective
contents mass

5012
1183 k ASD API calculations
1656 k ult

and tank
E tank and contents

692
49.10

deck

1839

1839

769

11.5
15.25

col/piles

157

15.0

157

66
2102
row 93
springs

V story

7749

pile cap

2102

9851

1527 k ult

to top of deck

inflection

879
restraint
2405 k ult

approximate DL +
Liquid to top of piling
#VALUE!

Check Redundancy
Overly simplify the model: apply loads to the nodes of the mid-line frame.
Area

3503 ft2

row 103

surface area of the deck and/or the pile cap

Redundancy factor for an ordinary moment frame ASCE 7-02 9.5.2.4.2

Item 3
any two adjacent column shears / story shear
column 4
column 7
sum cols
V story

110 k ult
112 k ult
222
1527 k ult

from preliminary frame analysis

0.145

222 / 1,527 ratio of any two adjacent column shears to the sum of all column shears

112 + 110

row 113

-0.324 2 - 20 / (rmax x Ax ) 1.0 1.5 max

2 - 20 /[0.145 3,503^0.5 ]
1 unitless

minimum required redundancy factor

row 123

PILE FOUNDATION
A

Page 42 - 3

TANK SUPPORT
D

EXTEND PILING THROUGH PILE CAP to DECK

Pile Lateral Resistance

82

45 piling total
Pile lateral

90 k

pile @ 14'

17 each
82 k/each
1387 k

275490908.xls

at 8 diameters through 1" deflection

Structue

Earth Movement
pile @ 7'

pile sum
soil lat
face
depth
soil p

28 each
52 k/each
1457 k

82

82

82

82

82

82

82

82

82

82

82

82

82

82

82

2843 k service pile soil lateral

250
78
4
156

pcf
ft
ft
k

82
#VALUE!
row 143

pile cap resistance

90 k
52 k

pile cap

2999 k ASD

V pile cap

2405 k ult

compare

1 logic
1718 k ASD

V pile cap

sum soil and pile lateral resist

16 k
from calculations above

22.5

82 k

14 ft
#VALUE!
2,405 /1.4 = 1,718 < 2,999
OK

7 ft

6k

versus capacity.
row 153
structure seismic movement

Piling below the pile cap is considered to be buoyant.

Top of piling fixed within pile cap.

grade

top moment at pile cap

spring / soil

200 k-ft

Spring restraint to resemble soil lateral resistance applied at

soil/pile cap interface.
Concrete and rebar cage top 25' of pile.
row 163
The deck is designed as a two-way slab supported by 21 columns.
For this analysis, S-Frame 3D finite analysis program was
used to calculate moments, axial loads, and deflections along
the midline of the structure.

0.25 * top moment

50 k-ft
#VALUE!
forces.

row 173

row 183

PILE FOUNDATION
A

Page 42 - 4

TANK SUPPORT
D

LOADS to DECK MID-LINE

Design for the '97 UBC ultimate strength of columns. Spring values at grade are given an arbitrary factor of 1.0.
E = Eh + Ev = V D + 0.5 Ca I D
E

horizontal component
1.0 * 1,527 * 1.1
1679

multiply this by 1.1 for concrete '97 UBC 1612.2.2.1 Exception 2

+
+

275490908.xls

vertical component
0.5 * 0.360 * 1.25 * 9,851 * 1.1
2438

row 193
Basic Load Combinations '97 UBC 1612
ratio
0.238
= 5 mid-line columns /21 columns total
D
2345

horizontal component
400

vertical component
581

Create load cases for D, Eh, and Ev where:

hence:
Eh

note that D = D + stored liquid

Eh / D

0.170 * D

row 203

400 /2,345
and
Ev

Ev / D

0.248 * D

581 /2,345

Per '97 UBC

(12-1)

1.4 D

(12-5)

1.2 D

1.0 Eh

1.0 Ev

(12-6)

0.9 D

1.0 Eh

1.0 Ev

The load cases are:

1 (12-1)

row 213

1.4 D

2 (12-5)

1.2 D

0.170 D horizontal

1.0 E per API calc

0.248 D vertical

3 (12-6) a
4 (12-6) b

0.9 D
0.9 D

+
+

0.170 D horizontal
0.170 D horizontal

+
+

1.0 E per API calc

1.0 E per API calc

+
-

0.248 D vertical
0.248 D vertical

row 223

row 233

row 243

PILE FOUNDATION
A

Page 42 - 5

TANK SUPPORT
D

SUMMARY of LOADS to DECK MID-LINE for FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

Input D + stored liquid for these nodes:
1,656 * 0.238 ultimate load
394 API Calculations
nodes
22
node
15 at CG of tank and contents
ratio
0.238
tank + LN2
5753
1370 for tank + LN2 as DL only

deck
columns
sum

1839
79
1918

sum

7671

horizontal
vertical
nodes

23

275490908.xls

for vertical loads including tank, LN2, deck, columns

row 253

457 1,918 * 0.238 for horizontal loads

457 + 1,370
1826 7,671 * 0.238 for vertical loads including tank, LN2, deck, and columns
57
228
3

114
457
6

114
457
12

114
457
18

57 k
228
21 node

457
1826
row 263

columns
pile cap

79
2102
2181

sum
nodes
spring resistance

519
43
2
82

87
5
52

87
8
52

87
11
52

87
14
52

87
17
52

43 k
20
82 k/inch

519

row 273

nodes

13

16

19

row 283

row 293

row 303

PILE FOUNDATION
A

Page 42 - 6

TANK SUPPORT
D

LOADS to DECK MID-LINE by CASE and LOAD COMBINATIONS per '97 UBC
Load combinations are:
1
(12-1)
1.4 x Case 1 D only
node

1.4 D

node

2
(12-5)
1.448 x Case 1 D
0.148 x Case 2 E
1.0 x Case 3 E API
node
1.448 x Case 1 D
0.148 x Case 2 E
node

1.2 D

3
(12-6) a
1.148 x Case 1 D
0.148 x Case 2 E
1.0 x Case 3 E API
node
1.448 x Case 1 D
0.148 x Case 2 E
node

0.9 D

4
(12-6) b
0.652 x Case 1 D
0.148 x Case 2 E
1.0 x Case 3 E API
node
0.652 x Case 1 D
0.148 x Case 2 E
node

0.9 D

228
3

457
6

43
2

87
5

+
228
57
3
43
43
2

+
228
57
3
43
43
2

+
228
57
3
43
43
2

457
12
87
8

87
11

0.170 D horizontal
457
114
394
6
15
87
87
87
87
5
8

0.170 D horizontal
457
114
394
6
15
87
87
87
87
5
8

0.170 D horizontal
457
114
394
6
15
87
87
87
87
5
8

87
14

457
18

228
21

87
17

43
20

275490908.xls

row 313

0.248 D vertical
457
114
12
87
87
11

87
87
14

457
114

228 where: 1.2 + 0.248

57

18
87
87
17

21
43 where: 1.2 + 0.248
43
20

457
114

228 where: 0.90 + 0.248

57

18
87
87
17

21
43 where: 0.90 + 0.248
43
20

457
114

228 where: 0.90 0.248

57

0.248 D vertical
457
114
12
87
87
11

87
87
14

0.248 D vertical
457
114
12
87
87
11

87
87
14

18
87
87
17

21
43 where: 0.90 0.248
43
20
row 343

Axial and moment forces were generated from a subsequent computer run.
These loads are:
axial
moment

460 k ult
1174 k ult
row 353

row 363

PILE FOUNDATION
A

Page 42 - 7

TANK SUPPORT
D

LOADS to DECK MID-LINE USING ASCE 7-02 STRENGTH DESIGN

This frame is an elastic ordinary moment resisting frame.
.

1.0 unitless

SDS

from above
short period spectral response 9.4.1.2.5-1

Cs

0.719 g ult
0.299 g ult

9851 k

from above

Vert story

1417 k ult
2945 k ult

275490908.xls

seismic response coefficient 9.5.5

row 373
V story

0.2 * 0.719 * 9,851

0.299 * 9,851

Basic Load Combinations ASCE 7-02

ratio
0.238
= 5 mid-line columns /21 columns total
D
2345
0.238 * 9,851

horizontal component
701
0.238 * 2,945

vertical component
337
0.238 * 1,417

ratioed loads
row 383

E1

QE + 0.2 SDS D

Case 5 2.3.2

1.2 D
2815 vertical
1.2 * 2,345

E2

QE

- 0.2 SDS D

Case 8 2.3.2

0.9 D
2111 vertical
0.9 * 2,345

Eq. 9.5.2.7 - 1

E1
701 horizontal
1.0 * 701

0.2 SDS D

0.2 SDS D

337 vertical
337

Eq. 9.5.2.7 - 2

E2
701 horizontal
1.0 * 701

row 393

337 vertical
337

Create load cases for D, QE, and 0.2 SDS D

where:

QE /D =

701 /2,345 =

0.299 * D

and

0.2 SDS D /D =

337 /2,345 =

0.144 * D

These factors are to be used in the computer finite element analysis "Load Combinations."

row 403

The load cases are:

1 D only

1.4 D

2 5 2.3.2

1.2 D

0.299 D horizontal

1.0 E per API calc

0.299 D vertical

3 8 2.3.2 a
4 8 2.3.2 b

0.9 D

0.299 D horizontal

1.0 E per API calc

0.144 D vertical

0.9 D

0.299 D horizontal

1.0 E per API calc

0.144 D vertical

row 413

These results are slightly less conservative than the '97 UBC results above

row 423

PILE FOUNDATION
A

Page 42 - 8

TANK SUPPORT
D

LOADS to DECK MID-LINE USING ASCE 7-05 STRENGTH DESIGN for Comparison
This frame is an elastic ordinary moment resisting frame.
.
SDS

1.00 unitless

from above
275490908.xls

Cs

0.719 g ult
0.299 g ult

short period spectral response 9.4.1.2.5-1

seismic response coefficient 9.5.5

9851 k

from above

Vert story
V story

1417 k ult
2945 k ult

0.2 * 0.719 * 9,851 7-05 0.2 SDS D 12.4-4 and 12.14-6

0.299 * 9,851 7-05 V = Cs W 12.8-1

row 433

Basic Load Combinations ASCE 7-05 Where 12.4.2.3 is used in lieu of 2.3.2
ratio
0.238
= 5 mid-line columns /21 columns total
D
2345
0.238 * 9,851

horizontal component
701
0.238 * 2,945

vertical component
337
0.238 * 1,417

ratioed loads
row 443

Case 5

(1.2 + 0.2 SDS) D + QE + L + 0.2 S

1.2 D
2815 vertical
1.2 * 2,345

Case 6

E5
701 horizontal
1.0 * 701

0.2 SDS D
337 vertical
337

- 0.2 SDS D
337 vertical
337

(0.9 - 0.2 SDS) D + QE + 1.6 H

0.9 D
2111 vertical
0.9 * 2,345

E6
701 horizontal
1.0 * 701

row 453

Create load cases for D, QE, and 0.2 SDS D

where:
and

QE /D =
0.2 SDS D /D =

701 /2,345 =
337 /2,345 =

0.299 * D
0.144 * D
row 463

These factors are to be used in the computer finite element analysis "Load Combinations."

The load cases are:

1 D only

1.4 D

2 Case 5

1.2 D

0.299 D horizontal

1.0 E per API calc

0.299 D vertical

3 Case 6

0.9 D

0.299 D horizontal

1.0 E per API calc

0.144 D vertical

row 473

row 483

PILE FOUNDATION
A

Page 42 - 9

TANK SUPPORT
D

GENERATE ASD ASCE 7-02 LOADS for DEFLECTION CALCULATIONS

1.0 unitless

SDS

from above

0.719 g ult
0.299 g ult

short period spectral response

Cs
D

9851 k

from above

Vert story

1417 k ult
2945 k ult

0.2 * 9,851 * 0.719

V story

275490908.xls

seismic response coefficient

9,851 * 0.299

row 493

Basic Load Combinations ASCE 7-02

ratio
0.238
= 5 mid-line columns /21 columns total
D
2345

E1

horizontal component
701

QE + 0.2 SDS D

vertical component
337

Eq. 9.5.2.7 - 1
row 503

Case 5 2.4.1

E2

1.0 D
2345 vertical

QE

Case 8 2.4.1

- 0.2 SDS D
0.6 D
1407 vertical

0.7 E1

491 horizontal

0.2 SDS D
337 vertical

Eq. 9.5.2.7 - 2
0.7 E2

491 horizontal

0.2 SDS D
337 vertical
row 513

Create load cases for D, QE, and 0.2 SDS D

Note that the reciprocal of 0.7 is

approximately 1.4. This is the standard

where:

QE /D =

491 /2,345 =

0.209 * D

way to reduce LRFD seismic to

and

0.2 SDS D /D =

337 /2,345 =

0.144 * D

ASD levels.

The load cases are:

row 523

1 5 2.4.1
2 8 2.4.1 a

1.0 D

0.209 D horizontal

0.6 D

3 8 2.4.1 b

0.6 D

0.144 D vertical

0.209 D horizontal

0.144 D vertical

0.209 D horizontal

0.144 D vertical

Use these applied strength design (ASD) loads to compute deflections in the computer finite element analysis
"Load Combinations."

row 533

PILE FOUNDATION
A

Page 42 - 10

TANK SUPPORT
D

GENERATE ASD ASCE 7-05 LOADS for DEFLECTION CALCULATIONS for Comparison

SDS

1.0 unitless

from above

0.719 g ult
0.299 g ult

short period spectral response

Cs
D

9851 k

from above

QE

2945 k ult

9,851 * 0.299

275490908.xls

seismic response coefficient

where QE = V

row 543

Basic Load Combinations ASCE 7-05 Where 12.4.2.3 is used in lieu of 2.4.1
ratio
0.238
= 5 mid-line columns /21 columns total
D
2345

Case 5

horizontal component
701

(1.0 + 0.14 SDS) D + H + F + 0.7 QE

0.7 QE
1.0 D
+
2345 vertical

Case 6

0.2 SDS D

row 553

337 vertical

(1.0 + 0.105 SDS) D + H + F + 0.525 QE + 0.75 L + 0.75 (L r or S or R)

0.525 QE
0.105 SDS D
1.0 D
+
+
2345

Case 8

491 horizontal

368

177

(1.0 - 0.14 SDS) D + 0.7 QE + H

0.6 D
1407 vertical

+
+

0.7 QE
491 horizontal

0.14 SDS D

row 563

236 vertical

Note that the reciprocal of 0.7 is

approximately 1.4. This is the standard
way to reduce LRFD seismic to
ASD levels.
The load cases are:
1 Case 5
2 Case 6
3 Case 8

1.0 D
0.6 D
0.6 D

+
+
+

0.209 D horizontal
0.157 D horizontal
0.209 D horizontal

+
+

0.144 D vertical
0.075 D vertical
0.101 D vertical

row 573

Use these applied strength design (ASD) loads to compute deflections in the computer finite element analysis
"Load Combinations."

row 583

row 593