Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MIL-HDBK-21
SUPERSEDING
MIL-STD-21A
9 May 1979
DEPARTMENT
OF DEFENSE
HANDBOOK
FOR
T,TE
AREA DRFR
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
MIL-HDBK-21
FOREWORD
1. This handbook is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of
Defense.
2. This handbook is for guidance only. This handbook camot be cited as a requirement.
the contractor does not have to comply.
If it is,
3. Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions. deletions) and any pertinent data which
may be of use in improving this document should be addressed to U.S. Army Tank-automotive
and Armaments Command, AlTN: AMSTA-TR-E~L!-JQ
when. MI 48397-5000, by wing
the Standardization Document Improvement Proposal (DD Form 1426) appearing at the end of
this document or by letter.
ii
MIL-HDBK-21
CONTENTS
1
2
3
4
5
6
ii
1.
1.1
1.2
1.3
FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Classification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.
2.1
APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Non-Government document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
2
3.
3.1
3.2
DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
WeIding terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Welding symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
3
3
4.
4.1
4.1.1
4.1.2
4.2
4.3
GENERAL WELDING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selection of joint types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
,Exposed surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other surfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tolerances on design openings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.Sample cbawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
4
4
4
4
4
5.
5.1
5.2
5
5
5
6.
6.1
6.2
NOTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intended use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Subject term (key word) Iisting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6
6
6
7
8
9
10
111
1
1
1
1
11
12
MIL-HDBK-21
CONTENTS
7
8
9
10
11
iv
13
14
17
18
19
MIL-HDBK-21
1. SCOPE
1.1 Scope. This handbook gives guidelines for particular welded joint designs used in the
development of military armored tank type vehicles. This handbook is for guidance only. TMs
handbook cannot be cited as a requirement. If it is, the contractor does not have to comply.
1.2 Purpnse. This handbook covers welded joint designs when one or more of the materials
being welded is armor. The provisions of this handbook refer entirely to full penetration-weld
joints.
1.3 Q&fhdmt.
This handbook covers two basic weld types and variations of each.
These weld types are groove type and fillet type.
MIL-HDBK-21
2. APPLICABLE
DOCUMENTS
2.1 ~.
The following documents form a part of thk document
to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of the documents which are
DoD adopted are those listed in the latest issue of the Department of Defense Index of
Specifications and Standards (DODISS) and supplements thereto . ...
ANSIIAWS
AWS
A2.4
A3.O
(Application for copies should be addressed to the American Welding Society (AWS),
2501 Northwest 7th Street, Miami, Florida 33125.)
MIL-HDBK-21
3. DEFINITIONS
3.1 M!&@@mm.
Unless otherwise specified herein, terms osed in referring to the joints
will have the meanings defined in AWS A3.O.
3.2 ~.
Unless otherwise specified herein, the welding symbols in the
drawings will have the meanings defined in AWS A2.4.
MIL-HDBK-21
4. GENERAL WELDING
4.1.1 ~.
Surfaces subjected to ballistic attack, other than external
attachments, generally are all designed in accordance with figures 1-7. However, fillet welds
may be used for surfaces directly exposed to ballistic attack provided they have mechanical
reinforcement inherent in the part design. Tbk reinforcement may be effective from all possible
directions of ballistic impact (see figure 10).
4.1.2 Q&xm%es.
Surfaces not subjected to direct ballistic attack and attachments maybe
designed using figures 8,9 and 10.
The design opening tolerances shown for vario& joint
4.2 ~.
types are assembly tolerances and may not be considered as tolerances available for plate size
variation but should include all other tolerances that may affect design opening, such as plate
flatness, but not weld shrinkage.
4.3 &m@dmw@
. The isometric drawing (figure 11) is included as a guide only to show
typical locations of various joint designs in an armored structure or vehicle. Encircled numbers
on the drawing should be taken as referring to the particular type of joint described in ttrk
standard. Suffix letters (figures 1-7 inclusive) have been omitted, since they identify plate
thicknesses and other details, which will vary with the design of a specific structure of vehicle.
MIL-HDBK-21
MIL-HDBK-21
6. NOTES
6.1 ~.
The joints specified in this handbook are intended for use in military
vehicles or other structures that are to be subjected to ballistic attack.
6.2 ~.
. .
MIL-HDBK-21
Joint
No.
1A
NOTES:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Design
Included
Angle
Opening
(d)
(a)
x
Y
(Degrees) (millimeters)
45
Root Face
z
(millimeters)
Msx Plate
ThMness
T
(millimeters)
Reinforcement
of Weld
R
(millimeters)
(c) o
19.1
2.4
(b) 1.6
Depth
nf
Bevel
(millimeters)
IT
~.
MIL-HDBK-21
(&!!L
?
L-z
YI
Jint
No.
(a)
2A
PERMANENT
Included
Angle
(e)
(De~ees)
45
Design
Opening
(b)
Y
(millimeters)
12.7 (C)
BACKING
Depth
of
Bevel
(millimeters)
-E1-Y13
millimeters) (millimeters) (millimeters)
(d) O
19.1
0 to 2.4
NOTES:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
FIGURE 2.. ~.
8
MIL-HDBK-21
Wr
LRJ
Included
Angle
(e)
Joint No.
(a)
(Degrees)
3A
3B
3C
45
45
45
Design
Opening
(a)
Root
Face
(millimeter) (millimeters)
(b) 4.8
(b) 6.4
(b) 7.9
(c) o
(c) o
(c) 1.6
Reinforcement
of Weld
R
(millimeters)
Depth of Bevel
(millimeters)
Oto 2.4
0 to 2.4
0 to 2.4
12.7 T
12.7 T
12.7 T
NOTES:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
MIL-HDBK-21
Included
Angle
(e)
Design
Opening
(a)
Root
Face
Joint
No.
(Degrees)
(millimeters)
(millimeters)
4A
4B
4C
45
45
45
(b) 4.8
(b) 4.8
(b) 4.8
(c) o to
(c) o to
(c) o to
Min Size
Depth
of
of
Plate
Plate
Bevel
Fillet
Thickness
Thickness
D
s
T
T1
(millimeters) (millimeters) (millimeters) (millimeters)
6.4
9.5 to 12.7
15.9 to 19.1
T
T
T
(d)
(d)
(d)
4.8
6.4
7.9
NOTES:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
Design openings (see Y in fig. 4) do not include allowance for shrinkage during
welding.
Tolerance, plus 4.8, minus Omillimeters
Tolerance, plus 1.6, mirma O millimeters.
Values to be equal to or greater than for T-plate thickness.
Tolerance, plus 10, minus Odegrees.
. .
FIGURE 4. ~.
10
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MIL-HDBK-21
--
i
,
xl
1+
// s i
IY+
---Pi
Min Size
tvih
Size
Included Design
of
of
Plare
Depth
Plare
Root
Opening
Angle
Fillet
Fillet
of
Thickness Thickness
Face
(a)
(e)
S1
s
TI
Bevel
T
z
Y
Joint x
(millimeters)
(millimeters)
(millimeters)
(millimeters)
(millimeters)
No. (Degrees)
(millimeter)
(millimeters
5A
45
5B
45
SC
45
5D
5E
45
45
li--li-
(b)
4.8
(b)
4.8
(b)
4.8
(b)
4.8
fb)
4./3
NOTES:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(C)
O to3.2
(C)
O to3.2
(C)
O to3.2
(C)
O to3.2
(C)
O la3.2
T 3+
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
6.4
9.5
12.7
15.9
19.1
4.8
6.4
7.9
9.5
12.7
T
T
T
T
6.4
6.4
6.4
6.4
6.4
FIGURE 5. ~.
11
MIL-HDBK-21
x
.. _.
T
D
Tl+
Plate
Design
Root
Face
Opening
z
(a)Y
oint (f-J
x
xl
millimeter:
mfllimete
0 (Outside](Inside)
(Degrees(Degrees)
T
6A
6B
6C
6D
6E
6F
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45,
45
45
45
45
(b)4.8
(b)4.8
(b)6.4
(b)6.4
(b)6.4
(b)9.5
Plate
Depthof
Mk. Size
l%ckness ~Lckness
BevelD
ofFillet
T
T1
s
(millimeter)
(millimeter)
(millimeter)
;millimeter)
(c) o
9.5to12.7
15.9to19.1
25.4
6.4
38.1
greater
than
38.1
(c)o
(c)o
(c)o
(c)o
(c)o
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
. .
16.9to19.lT
16.9to19.lT
16.9to19.IT
12.7to16.9T
12.7to16.9T
12.7to16.9T
12
6.4
7.9
15.9
11.1
12.7
12.7
MIL-HDBK-21
NOTES:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
Design openings (see Y in fig. 6). do not include allowance for shrinkage during
welding.
Tolerance, plus 4.8, minus O millimeters.
Tolerance, plus 1.6, minus Omillimeters.
Tolerance, plus 1.6, minus O millimeters.
Tfickness for each joint to be equaI to or greater than its T-plate thickness.
Tolerance, plus 10 minus Odegrees.
..
FIGURE 6. ~-btW&~
13
- Continued.
MIL-HDBK-21
l--
YA
/,.+
E7?IrTT
Min
Min
Size
of
Size
of
Fillet
Fillet
s
S1
(millimeter)
(millimeter)
(millimeter)
(~D:$) (\:&) (millimeter)
(millimeter)
(millimeter)
(millimeter
Depth
of
Bevel
7A
7B
7C
7D
7E
7F
7G
7H
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
o
(c)
(c)
o
(do
o
(c)
(c)
o
(c)
o
(c)
o
(c)1.6
(b)
4.8
(b)
4.8
(b)
4.8
(b)4.8
(b)
6.4
(b)6.4
(b)
6.4
(b)7.9
9.5
12.7
15.9
19.1
25.4
31.8
38.1
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
6.4
7.9
9.5
12.7
15.9
19.1
22.2
22.2
12.7
to16.9
12.7
to16.9
12.7
to16,9
12.7
to16.9
12.7
to16.9
12.7
to16.9
12.7
to16.9
12.7
to16.9
6.4
6.4
6.4
6.4
7.9
7.9
7.9
7.9
thsn38.1
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
Design openings (see Y in fig. 7) do not include allowance for shrinkage during
weldkig.
Tolerance, plus 4.8, minus Omillimeters.
Tolerance, plus 1.6, minus O millimeters.
Tolerance, plus 1.6, minus Omillimeters.
Thickness for each joint to be equal to or greater than its T-plate tlickness.
Tolerance, plus 10 minus O degrees.
FIGURE 7. Type 7. D~
. .
.-
.-
14
MIL-HDBK-21
1--T 1-
l---c---l
Type 8A - Intermittent-fillet-welded
~L-C
joint.
l--+--l
Plate thickness
T Or T1
l--
TYI.X
15
t-T 1-
MIL-HDBK-21
NOTES:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
FIGURE 8. ~
Continued.
Type -~
16
. .
MIL-HDBK-21
Plate tidckoess, mm
T or T1
4.8
6.4
7.9
NOTES:
L
2.
FIGURE 9. ~.
17
MIL-HDBK-21
Plate
Thickness
Joint No.
10A
10B
10C
10D
10E
Minimum
Flange
Thickness
T1
T
T
T
T
T
Minimum
Flange
Lap
L
Minimum
Fillet
Size
s
4.8
7.9
12.7
22.2
25.4
6.4
7.9
9.5
12.7
15.9
NOTE:
(a) &pratkm.
FIGURE 10. ~.
18
MIL-HDBK-21
Q@
FIGURE 11. ~
-.
19
MIL-HDBK-21
CONCLUDING
MATERIAL
Preparing activity:
Apny -AT
Custodians:
Army - AT
Navy - SH
(Project DRPR-0344)
20
STANDARDIZATION
DOCUMENT
IMPROVEMENT
PROPOSAL
~TRUCTIONS
1. The preparingactivity
must completeblocks1,2.3,and 8. Inblock1,both the document number and revision
letter
shouldbe given.
2. The submitter
ofthisform must completeblocks4,5,6,and 7.
3. The preparingactivity
must providea replyw!thln30 daysfrom receipt
oftheform.
NOTE: Thisform may not be used to requestcopiesof documents,nor to requestwaivers,or clarification
of
requirements
on currentcontracts.
Comments submittedon thisform do not constitute
or implyauthorization
to
waive anv
document(s)or to amend contractual
requirements.
. oortionofthereferenced
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.,
*::.?M~3W*<WW+*~$~,:::..
. ...:.
~~~~
.r t.DOCUMENT NUMBER
2.DOCUMENT OATE (YYMMOD)
:.
.+:..:...
.
....
RE.REEO.W,.M;EMWN!EHM.GE.
MIL+JJBK-21
951129
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3.00CUMENT TITLE
Welded-Joint Designs I Ar==+Tti
TYPe
4.NATUREOF CHANGE (!dentify
paragraph
num&r andInclude
proposed
rewrite,
ifpossible.
Attach
extra
sheets
asneeded)
5.REASONFORRECOMMENDATION
[810) 574-8745
DSW 786-8745